PA 6519 
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1922 






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BRARY OF CONGRESS 




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COPHUGIfT DEPOSfT. 



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A TERM OF OVID 



STORIES FROM THE METAMORPHOSES 
FOR STUDY AND SIGHT READING 



CLARENCE W. GLEASON, A.M. (Harv.) 

OF THE ROXBURY LATIN SCHOOL 




REVISED 



AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY 

NEW YORK CINCINNATI CHICAGO BOSTON ATLANTA 



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Copyright, 1900, by 
C. W. GLEASON. 

Copyright, 1920, 1922, by 
AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY. 



A TERM OF OVID. 

E. P. 1. 



IIAOB is i\ B. A. 

J* "i * 

S)Cl. A^ 7 4 <5 7 a 



PREFACE 

Ovid is an author far less difficult than Vergil, and more 
interesting than either Vergil or most of the prose writers 
generally read in schools ; hence he deserves a place in 
our courses of study. In many courses, if not most of 
them, the aim is to crowd as much of the bare essentials 
of Latin as possible into the smallest amount of time ; thus 
a literature at best impoverished is bereft of one of the 
most charming and interesting of the few authors available 
for school use. The agile pupil is made to vault from his 
condensed beginner's book into Caesar, from Caesar either 
into Cicero by way of Vergil, or into Vergil by way of 
Cicero. But a few weeks spent on the Metamorphoses of 
Ovid need not be considered an unnecessary digression 
from the straight path to the desired goal, or in any sense 
a waste of time, for besides the great literary gain of read- 
ing the tales of Greek and Roman mythology told in a 
most delightful way, there is a distinct value in using Ovid 
as a stepping-stone from the level (though — in Caesar, at 
least — rough) roadbed of prose to the more difficult and 
to many pupils dangerous heights of Vergil. A glance 
at the vocabulary of the present volume will perhaps 
make this plain. The extracts from the Metamorphoses 
were selected without reference to choice of words, or to 
their ease or difficulty in translation, but solely from a 
literary point of view, for the beauty and interest of the 



4 PREFACE 

Stories themselves. Yet when compared with the first 
book of the Aeneid, which logically follows in a well- 
rounded school course, the similarity is seen to be striking. 
The vocabulary to the first book of the Aeneid contains 
about 1460 words; of these all but 300 (exclusive of 
proper names) are contained in the present volume. So 
that the pupil is not only reading the legends of gods and 
heroes written in a most entertaining style, but is lessen- 
ing the greatest gap in a continuous Latin course by 
becoming familiar with the vocabulary of Vergil in easier 
verse. 

The present volume is designed to fit the needs of 
several classes of schools. For those which have not 
hitherto included Ovid in their curricula it offers a short 
and convenient book of representative selections. For 
courses which take up Ovid before Vergil it forms an 
intermediate step between prose and verse by the adop- 
tion, to a limited extent, of features which the editor has 
found useful in previous books. 

The volume contains about 2075 lines, with full notes 
and vocabulary. The first hundred lines are divided into 
feet for scansion, with accents and caesuras. The division 
of the second and third hundred lines is marked in a dif- 
ferent way. The ordinary Latin prose order is given for 
the first three selections, or until the student may be 
supposed to be familiar with the general differences of 
Structure in prose and poetry. In the prose version the 
quantities are marked, and also the common synonyms of 
the more unusual words or words with special poetic uses 
are given. The notes contain a short introductorv sketch 
and summary of each chapter, tables of genealogy of the 
principal persons, and references to the more available 



PREFACE 5 

books of reference and to other literary helps. Words 
also found in the first book of the Aeneid are marked in the 
vocabulary with an asterisk. 

The text used is in most cases that of Merkel (1875). 
With a few exceptions the hidden quantities of vowels in 
the vocabulary and synonyms are marked according to 
Lewis's Elementary Latin Dictionary. 

CLARENCE W. GLEASON 
Roxbury Latin School 



The stories of Ceres and Proserpina and Jason and Medea 
have been added in response to a number of requests for 
additional material for sight reading, and the Cadmus and 
Daedalus selections to fulfill the requirements of the College 
Entrance Examination Board. 

CLARENCE W. GLEASON 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Preface 3 

I. Atalanta's Last Race 9 

II. Pyramus and Thisbe 18 

III. Apollo's Unrequited Love for Daphne . . . 27 

IV. How Phaethon drove his Father's Chariot . . 35 
V. Orpheus and Eurydice 49 

VI. The Touch of Gold 54 

VII. Philemon and Baucis ...... 59 

VIII. The Impiety and Punishment of Niobe ... 64 

IX. The Flood 71 

X. Perseus and Andromeda . . . . „ . 77 

XL The Search of Cadmus 85 

XII. The Flight of Daedalus 91 

XIII. Ceres and Proserpina 93 

XIV. Jason and Medea 102 

Notes 117 

Helps to Scansion 167 

Vocabulary 172 



In nova fert animus mutatas dicere formas 
corpora. Di, coeptis (nam vos mutastis et Mas) 
adspirate meis, primaque ab origine mundi 
ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen. 

Metamorphoses, Book I, lines 1-4. 

Of bodies changed to various forms I sing : — 
Ye gods, from whom these miracles did spring, 
Inspire my numbers with celestial heat, 
Till I my long laborious work complete; 
And add perpetual tenor to my rhymes, 
Deduced from Nature's birth to Caesar's times. 

Dry dens Translation. 




Atalanta's Race: Poynter. 

I. ATALANTA'S LAST RACE 

A MAIDEN OF MATCHLESS BEAUTY AND FLEETNESS 

F6rsitan , audie^is „ aliquant cer^amine , cursus 
velo^es supe|rasse vi^bs. „ Non , fabula , rumor 
ille fU[it ; ( , supe^abat e|nim. „ Non , dicere ( p6sses 
laude pe|dum u fo^mae^ie bo,n6 N prae^tantior , 6sset. 
Scitan^i Deus , huic u de , c6niuge, , 'C6niuge,' , dixit, 5 

' nil opus 1 £st, „ Atajlanta, ti,bi. „ Fuge , c6niugis , usum, 
N£c tamen , £ffugi,£s ; „ te,qu e ipsa , viva carebis.' 
T£rrita , s6rte de^ „ per 0|pacas , innuba , silvas 
vivit, et , instantem tur^am vio^nta prO|C6rum 

Forsitan audieris aliquam virginem certamine cursus veloces 
viros superasse. Ille rumor non fuit fabula \ superabat enim. 
Nee dicere posses pedumne laude an formae bono esset prae- 
stantior. Huic de coniuge scitanti Deus dixit : ' Tibi, Atalanta, 
nil coniuge opus est. Fuge usum coniugis. Nee tamen effu- 
gies, vivaque te ipsa carebis.' Territa sorte del per silvas opacas 
innuba vivit, et condicione instantem procorum turbam fugat 

3. non: neque. — 4. laude: virtute. formae: pulchritudinis. — 6. fuge: 
vita. — 7. carebis : privaberis. — 8. sorte : responso. — 9. instantem : im- 
portunam. 

9 



IO A ll.l;M OF OVID 

c6ndici6ne fu gal : ' Nn BOm poti,anda, nis,' Inquit, 10 
* victa J»ri lis curMi. lVdi bus < 0D lenditc mO um. 

Praemia coniunx thala mique dabuntur; 

mors preti urn tardis. „ Ea , l£x certamini> 

Ilia qui d PI " immi tis : „ sed , tanta po tentia , form" est, 
venit ad hanc legem „ temeraria , turba proc6rum. 15 

HIPPOMENES FALLS A VICTIM TO HER CHARMS 

Sederat , Hippomen6s „ cur sus spectator in,iqui, 
et ' Petitur cui quam H per , tanta pe ricula , c6niunx? ' 
dixerat ; N ac nimi 6s „ iuve num dam narat a m6res. 
Ut fad em et posi t6 corpus „ ve lamine , vidit, 
quale me um, „ vel , quale tu am, N si , femina , fias, 20 

6bstipuit : „ tol,l£nsque mantis, B * Ig.n6scite,' , dixit, 
1 qu6s modo , culpa vi ; „ non dam mihi praemia , n6ta, 
quae" peter£tis, „ e rant.' n Laudando , c6ncipit , ignes 

violenta. ' Nee sum potiunda,' inquit, ' nisi prius cursu victa. 
Pedibus contendite mecum. Veloci coniunx thalamique praemia 
dabuntur ; mors erit (dabitur) pretium tardis. Ea esto lex cer- 
taminis.' 

Ilia quidem erat immitis : sed tanta est formae potentia, teme- 
raria turba procorum ad hanc legem venit. 

Hippomenes sederat cursus iniqui spectator, et ' Cuiquam con- 
iunx,' dixerat, 'per tanta perlcula petitur?' ac nimids am. ires 
iuvenura damnarat. Ut faciem tamen virginis et corpus posito 
velamine vidit, quale est meum, vel quale tuum, Adonis, si femina 
Has, obstipuit, manusque tollens, ' Ignoscite,' dixit, 'vos quds 
modo culpavi. Nfondum nota mihi erant praemia quae petere- 

12. coniunx: uxor. — 14. immitis: crfidelis, — 15. temeraria: imprfi- 
dens. — 19. posito : deposits, dSiect5, — 2x. ignoscite: parche. — 22. nota: 
pertpecta. 



ATALANTA'S LAST RACE U 

et ne , quis iuve^um „ cur rat vetocius , 6ptat 

invid^aque ti,m£t. n ' Sed ( cur cer taminis , huius 25 

intemptata mi,hi H for,tuna relinquitur?' „ inquit. 

'Auden ( tes ,, deus , ipse iuvat.' „ Dum , talia , s£cum 

exigit 1 Hippome,nes, „ passu volat , alite ( virgo. 

Quae quam quam Scythi,ca „ non | setius , ire sa,gitta 

Aoni^ vi|S a £st iuve^ii, (| tamen | ille de|C6rem 30 

mira^ur magis. „ Et cur,sus facit ( ille „ de,c6rem : 

aura re,f6rt , ab,lata ci,tis „ ta|laria | plantis ; 

t£rgaque | iactari|tur cranes H per e^urnea, | quaeque 

p6pliti 1 bus sube|rant „ piC|t6 genU|alia j limbo : 

inque pu^llajri corpus cari|d6re „ ru^rem 35 

traxerat, | haud ali|t£r quam l ciim super , atria ( velum 

Candida | purpure|Um „ simu,latas , inficit , umbras. 

Dum notat ( haec hO|Sp£s, „ dejCursa nO|Vissima j met* est, 

tis.' Laudando illam Ignes concipit, et optat ne quis iuvenum 
velocius ilia currat, invidiaque timet. ' Sed cur fortuna huius 
certaminis intemptata mihi relinquitur ? ' inquit. 'Audentes deus 
ipse iuvat.' Dum Hippomenes secum talia exigit, passu alite 
volat virgo. Quae quamquam Aonio iuveni non setius ire visa 
est Scythica sagitta, ille tamen decorem eius magis miratur. Et 
ille cursus decorem facit : aura talaria citis plantis ablata refert ; 
ciinesque per terga eburnea iactantur, genualiaque picto limbo 
quae poplitibus eius suberant; ruboremque in corpus eius puel- 
lari candore cursus traxerat, haud aliter quam cum velum pur- 
pureum super Candida atria simulates umbras inficit. Dam hospes 
haec notat, decursa est meta novissima, et victrix festa corona 

26. intemptata: inexperta. — 27. audentes: audaces. — 28. exigit: vol- 
vit. passu: gressu. — 29. setius : aliter. — 31. decorem: formam, 4. — 
32. plantis: pedibus, 11. — 35. puellari: virgineo. — 38. decursa: prae- 
terita. 



12 A II. KM 01 OVID 

£t tegl|tfir t\- >t:'i vi.trix Ata lAnta corona. 

gemi,tam vie- ti, pen duntqu" ex , foedere ( poenas. 

THE CHALLENGE 



«0 



N6n tamen, eventu „ iuve uis de territus , h6rum 
c6nstitit , in medio, , vul tuqir" in , virgine 1 fixo, 
'Quid facil cm „ titu lum SUpe rando , quaeris , inertes? 
Mecum , c6nfer ! ' „ aU, „ ' seu , me for tuna po tentem 
fecerit, | a tan,t6 M non , indignabere , vinci. 45 

Namque mi,hi geni,t6r „ Mega^eus „ On chestius : ( illi 
est Nep tunus „ avus : „ prone,p6s ego , regis a,quarum. 
N£c virtus B cijtra genus , est. B SeU|Vincar, „ ha ( bebis 
Hippome,ne vic,t6 „ ma i gn uin et memo^abile , n6men.' 

ATALANTA WAVERS BETWEEN PITY AND DUTY 

Talia , dicentem „ mol li Schoe^eia , vultu 50 

adspicit, • et dubi t tat (| supe rdr' an ( vincere ( mdlit. 

Atalanta tegitur. Victi gemitum dant, penduntque ex foedere 
poenas. 

Iuvenis tamen horum eventu non deterritus in medio constitit, 
vultuque in virgine fixo, 'Quid facilem titulum inertes superando 
quaeris?' ait. * Mecum confer. Seu me potcntcm fortuna 
fecerit, a tanto vinci non indignabere. Namque Megareus 
Onchestius mihi est genitor : illi Neptunus est avus: itaque ego 
pronepos sum regis aquarum. Nee citra genus est virtus mea. 
Sen v'incar, magnum et memorabile nomen Hippomene victo 
habebis.' 

Molli vultu talia dicentem cum adspicit Schoeneia, et dubitat 

41. eventu: exitid. — 42. vultu: oculla. — 43. titulum: glSriam. iner- 
tes: ignivSt. — 44. confer: congredere. 



ATALANTA'S LAST RACE 1 3 

Atqu e ita, ( ' Quis deus t hiinc „ for|m6sis, | inquit, H injiquus 

perdere , vult, {l ca|raeque iu|b£t dis,crimine , vitae 

c6niugi,um pete,r e h6c? „ non | sum, me , iudice, , tanti. 54 

N£c for| ma tan,g6r, — „ pote^am tamen ( bac quoque | tangi — 

sed quod adjhiic puer t £st. 1( Non , m£ movet , ipse, u sed t aetas^ 

Quid, quod in^st virtus „ et ( m£ns in,territa ( l£ti? 

Quid, quod ab ( a^quore^ M nume^atur o,rigine , quartus? 

Quid, quod a|mat „ tan^ique pujtat co^iubia , n6stra 

ut pere^t, „ si | me" n fors | illi | dura ne^arit? 60 

Dum licet, , h6spes, B ab,i „ thala|m6sque re^inque cru^ntos. 

C6niugi[Um cru^le me"" 1 £st. B Tibi , nubere j nulla 

n61et ; et | 6pta!ri B potes , a sapi,£nte pu ( ella. 

Cur tamen ( £st mihi , cura tu,i, ,, tot | i am ante per^mptis? 

Viderit ! | interest, B quondam tot ( ca£de pro ( c6rum 65 

admoni|tus non | 6st, „ agi t turqu e in ( ta£dia , vitae. — 

utrum superarl an vincere malit. Atque ita 'Quis deus,' inquit, 
'formosls iniquus, hunc iuvenem perdere vult, caraeque vitae 
discrimine hoc coniugium petere iubet? Tanti non sum, me 
iudice. Nee forma illius tangor, — hac tamen quoque tangi 
poteram — sed quod adhuc est puer. Non iuvenis ipse sed aetas 
eius me movet. Quid est quod virtus el inest, et mens let! inter- 
rita? Quid, quod quartus ab aequorea origine numeratur? Quid, 
quod amat et tanti nostra conubia putat ut pereat, si me fors dura 
ill! negarit? — AbT, hospes, dum licet, thalamosque cruentos re- 
linque. Crudele enim est meum coniugium. Tibi autem nubere 
nulla virgo nolet ; et a sapiente puella optari potes. Cur tamen 
mihi est cura tin, tot aliis iam ante peremptls ? Viderit ipse ! 
Intereat, quoniam tot procorum caede non est admonitus agiturque 

52. formosis: pulchris. — 53. discrimine: perlculo, 17. — 55. tangor: 
moveor. — 56. aetas: adulescentia. — 58. origine: stirpe. — 64. peremptls: 
occisls. — 65. viderit: cogitet. — 66. taedia: odium. 



14 All KM I II OVID 

6ccidct hie i,u r i t''ir, volu it (jui.i vivere , mecum, 
lndi|gndmque ncrcm prelum patictur am 
N6n erit , invidi,a^ vic ( t6ria j nostra fe rendae. 

S6d nun , culpa me* 6st. , Uti,num desisterc , voiles ! 70 

Aut, quoni,*™ £s de.m^as, „ utinam ve,l6cior , esses ! 

At quam tfrgine us , puerili , vultus in , 6r c est ! 

A ! miser , Hippome|n£s, „ nol l£m tibi , visa fulssem 1 

Vivere , dignus e ras. „ Quod , si fe licior ( essem, 

ne'e mihi , c6niugi,um „ fa t a impor,tuna ne^arent, 75 

unus e,ras u cum , qu6 soci,are a^bilia | vellem.' 

Dixerat ; „ utque ru,dis B pri,m6que Cu,pidine , tacta, 

quid facit i igno,rans „ amat ( et non , s^ntit a|m6rem. 

VENUS SUMMONED TO THE LOVER'S AID 

lam solids pos,cunt cur,sus H populusque pa,t£rque : 
cum me , s611ici ta H proles Nep,tunia , v6ce 80 

in taedia vitae. — Occidet hie igitur, quia mecum vivere voluit, 
necemque indTgnam amoris pretium patietur? Victoria nostra 
Invidiae erit non ferendae. Sed non est culpa mea. Utinam 
desistere velles ! Aut, quoniam es demens, utinam esses velocior ! 
At quam virgineus est vultus in ore eius puerili ! A ! miser Hip- 
pomenes, nollem tibi visa fuissem ! Namque vivere eras dignus. 
Quod si essem fellcior, nee mihi fata importuna coniugium nega- 
rent, tu unus eras quocum cubllia sociare vellem ! ' Talia dixerat, 
utque puella rudis, primoque Cupidine tacta, ignorans quid faci(a)t 
amat, et amorem suum non sentit. 

lam populusque paterque Atalantae solitos cursus poscunt, cum 
proles Neptunia 1 [ippomenes sol licit a voce me invocat, 'Cytherea '- 

68. indignam : immeritain. — 77. rudis: imperlta. — 79. solitos: con- 
suCtos. — 80. sollicita : anxia. 



ATALANTA'S LAST RACE 1 5 

invocat , Hippome|nes, n ' Cythereaque , c6mprecor, , ausis 
adsit,' a,it, „ 'noS|tris „ et , quos dedit , adiuvet , ignes.' 
Detulit | aura pre.ces ad , me non , invida , blandas ; 
m6taque , sum, „ fate,6r. „ Nee c^pis mora , longa da,batur. 
Est ager, „ indigene Tama^enum , n6mine , dicunt, 85 

tellu ris Cypr^ae u pars , 6ptima, „ quam mihi ( prisci 
sacra^ere se,nes N ten^plisqu 6 aC|Cedere , d6tem 
hanc ius t sere me|is. „ Medi,6 nitet , arbor in , arvo, 
fulva co^am, l( ful|V6 ra^nis crepi tantibus , auro. 
Hinc tria , f6rte me ( a veni ens ,, de,cerpta fe|rebam 90 

aurea , p6ma ma,nu : „ nul lique videnda n^s 1 ipsi 
Hippome|nen ad.i,i H docU|ique quis , u:us in | illis. 

THE RACE 

Signa tU|bae dede|rant n cum , carcere , pr6nus u,terque 
£micat 1 et sum|mam cele^i pede ( libat ha ( renam. 

que ait, * comprecor, ut ausis nostris adsit, et ignes quos dedit 
adiuvet.' Aura non invida preces eius blandas ad me detulit; 
motaque sum, fateor. Nee opis longa mora dabatur. Est ager, 
pars optima telluris Cypriae (indigenae Tamasenum nomine earn 
dicunt) quam prisci senes mihi sacravere, templlsque meis hanc 
dotem accedere iussere. Medio in arvo nitet arbor, fulva comam, 
ramis eius fulvo auro crepitantibus. Hinc veniens tria aurea poma 
forte ferebam manu mea decerpta : nullique videnda nisi ipsi Hip- 
pomenen adii, eumque docui quis usus esset in illis. 

Tubae signa dederant, cum uterque e carcere pronus emicat, et 
celeri pede summam harenam libat. Illos sicco passu freta radere 

81. comprecor: quaeso. ausis: inceptis. — 85. indigenae: accolae. 
— 86. prisci : antiquT. — 87. accedere : iungl. — 88. nitet : splendet. — 
8g. fulvo : flavS. — 90. decerpta : derepta. — 94. emicat : avolat. libat : 
tangat. 



1 6 A H.kM < >I OVID 

P6sse pu,t6s ill6s , sic c6 Greta , r&dere , passu 91 

I-t b nae ., stan tes pcrcurrer a tW 

Adici iint animus iuve ni „ clamunpe fivorque 

veibaque , dicen turn, u ' Nunc, , nunc in cumbere , t£mpus, 

Hlppome,ne^ „ prope,ra ! „ Nunc , viribus , 6tere , totis. 

Pelle mo ram, „ videos ! ' , Dubi urn Mega reins , heros 100 

gaudeat An virg6 n magis his Schoeneia dictis. 

6 quottens B cum idm posset transire morat a est 

Bpectatosque diu vultus „ invita reliquitl 

Aridus e lass6 , veniebat anhelitus 6re, 

metaqu e erat longe. 

THE GOLDEN APPLES 

Turn denique de tribus unum 105 

fetibus arboreis „ proles Neptunia mlsit. 
Obstipuit virgo B nitidique cupidine p6mi 
declinat cursiis „ aurumque volubile t611it : 

et segetis canae stantes aristas percurrere posse putes ! Clamorque 
favorque animds iuveni adiciunt, verbaque eorum dicentum, ' Nunc, 
nunc est tempus incumbere ; propera, Hippomene ! Nunc utere 
tofts viribus. Pelle moram, nam vinces!' Dubium est utrum 
magis Megareius heros an virgo Schoeneia his dictis gaudeat. O 
quotiens, cum iam transire posset, morata est, invitaque vultus diu 
spectatOS reliquit ! Aridus veniebat anhelitus ex ore lasso, longe- 
que erat meta. 

Turn denique mlsit proles Neptunia unum e tribus fetibus arbo- 
reis. Obstipuit virgo, cupidineque nitidi poml cursum declinat, 
aurumque volubile tollit: praeterit cam Hipporaenes: resonant 

95. f reta : aequora. — 96. stantes: Sr€ctSs. — 97. adiciunt: addttnt — 
104. ftridns; ,95. lasso: defend, anhelitus: Bpiritus. — 106. mi- 

sit : abie< it. 



ATALANTA'S LAST RACE 1/ 

praeterit Hippomenes : Q resonant spectacula plausu. 

Ilia moram „ celeri cessataque tempora cursu no 

c6rrigit, atqu e itenim „ iuvenem post t<§rga relinquit. 

£t rursus „ pomi iactu remorata secundi 

c6nsequitur „ transitque vinim. „ Pars ultima cursus 

restabat. „ ' Nunc/ inquit, „ ' ades, „ dea muneris auctor ! ' 

inque latus campi H quo tardius ilia rediret 115 

i£cit ab 6bliqu6 ,, nitidum iuvenaliter aurum. 

An petered „ virg6 vis a est dubitare : ,, co£gi 

t611er e et adieci sublato p6ndera malo, 

impediiqu e oneris (| pariter gravitate moraque. 

Neve meus serm6 N cursu sit tardior ipso, 120 

pra£terit a £st virg6 : „ duxit sua praemia victor c 

spectacula plausu. Ilia celeri cursu moram temporaque cessata 
corrigit, atque iterum iuvenem post terga relinquit. Et rursus 
secundi pomi iactu remorata virum consequitur transitque. Ultima 
pars cursus restabat. ' Nunc ades,' inquit ille, ' dea, muneris mei 
auctor ! ' aurumque nitidum ab obllquo in latus campi, quo tardius 
ilia rediret, iuvenaliter iecit. Dubitare visa est virgo an peteret 
pomura : tollere earn coegl, et malo sublato pondera adieci, pari- 
terque oneris gravitate moraque earn impedil. — Neve sermo meus 
tardior sit ipso cursu, dlcam, praeterita est virgo : duxit sua prae- 
mia victor. 

109. praeterit: transit, 102. — 114. restabat: supererat. ades: propitia 
esto. — 118. pondera: gravitatem. 
term of ov. — 2 



II. PYRAMUS AND THISBE 

THE EASTERN LOVERS 

Pyramus 6t Thisb£, B iuvenum pulcherrimus alter, 
altera quas Oriens habuit „ praelata puedlis, 
contiguas tenuere dom6s „ ubi dicitur altam 
c6ctilibus muris , cinxisse Semiramis iirbem. 125 

N6titiam , prim6sque gradus „ vicinia fecit : 
tempore crevit amor ; „ taedae - quoque iure coissent, 
sed vetu£re patr£s. „ Quod n6n potu£re vetare, 
ex aequ6 captis „ ard£bant mentibus ambo : 
c6nscius 6mnis ab£st ; „ nutu signisque loquuntur. 13c 

LOVE WILL FIND A WAY 

Qu6que magis tegitur, „ tectus magis aestuat ignis. 
Fissus erat tenui rima, „ quam duxerat 61im 

Pyramus et Thisbe, alter iuvenum pulcherrimus, altera puellis 
quas Oriens habuit praelata, domos contiguas tenuere, ubi Semi- 
ramis urbem suam altam muris coctilibus cinxisse dicitur. Vicinia 
notitiam gradusque primos fecit; amor tempore crevit; taedae 
quoque iure coissent, sed patres vetuere. Ambo ex aequo menti- 
bus captis ardebant, id quod patres vetare Don potuere : omnis 
conscius abest ; nutuque siL, r nis<iue loquuntur. 

Quoque magis tegitur, eo magis aestuat l^uis tectus. Paries 

126. notitiam: cSnraetfidinem. — 127. crevit: auctus est. — 128. vetu- 
ere: prohibuSre. — 129. ex aequo: pariter, 119, — 130. conscius: testis. — 
132. duxerat: trixerat (cf. 567, 1246). 

18 



PYRAMUS AND THISBE 19 

ctim fieret, „ partes domui communis utrique. 

Id vitium „ nulli per saecula 16nga notatum — 

quid non sentit am6r? — , primi vidistis, „ amantes, 135 

et vocis fecistis iter ; u tutaeque per illud 

murmure blanditiae" minimo „ transire solebant. 

Saep e ubi c6nstiterant, n hinc Thisbe, H Pyramus illinc, 

inque vices „ fuerat captatus anhelitus 6ris, 

'Invide,' dicebant, n ' paries, „ quid amantibus 6bstas? 140 

Quant um erat ut siner£s y tot6 nos c6rpore hingi, 

aut hoc si nimium „ vel ad 6scula danda pateres ! 

N6c sumus ingrati ; (| tibi n6s debere fat£mur 

qu6d datus est verbis „ ad arnicas transitus aures/ 

Talia diversa H nequiquam sede locuti 145 

sub noctem dixere vale „ partique dedere 

oscula quisque suae „ non p^rveni^ntia c6ntra. 

communis utrique domui fissus erat tenui rima quam olim cum 
fieret duxerat. Id vitium null! per saecula longa notatum, vos, 
amantes, primi vidistis — quid non sentit amor? — et vocis iter 
fecistis ; tutaeque per illud minimo murmure blanditiae vestrae 
transire solebant. Saepe, ubi constiterant, hinc Thisbe, Pyramus 
illinc, anhelitusque oris in vices fuerat captatus, ' Invide paries,' 
dicebant, ' quid amantibus obstas ? Quantum erat ut toto cor- 
pore nos iungi sineres, aut si hoc est nimium vel ad oscula 
danda pateres ! Nee tamen sumus ingrati ; tibi enim nos de- 
bere fatemur quod transitus ad arnicas aures verbis nostris est 
datus.' 

Talia diversa in sede nequiquam locuti, sub noctem vale 
dixere, osculaque non contra pervenientia parti suae quisque 
dedere. 

133. fieret: strueretur. — 142. vel: saltern. — 144. transitus: iter, 136; 
via. — 145. nequiquam : frustra. 



20 A IKKM 01 OVID 

THEY PLAN AN ELOPEMENT 

ra nocturn6s aur6ra rem6verat ;. 
s61que pruinosas radiis siccaverat herb 

;cic locum. Turn murmure parvo 150 

multa prids quest!, statuunt ut nocte silenti 
fillere t :ustodes foribusqu 8 excldere temptent, 
cum que dom° cxicrint urbis quoque tecta relinquantj 
neve sit errandum lat6 spatiantibus arvo, 
convenient ad busta Nini lateantque sub umbra i 55 

arboris : arbor ibi „ niveis uberrima pomis 
ardua m6rus erat , gelido contermina fonti. 



THISBE IS FIRST AT THE TRYSTING PLACE AND MEETS WITH 
AN ADVENTURE 

Pacta placent ; (l et lux tarde discedere visa 
praecipitatur aquis , et aquis nox si'irgit ab isdem. 
Callida per tenebras , versato cardine Thisbe 160 

Postera aurora Ignes nocturnos removerat, solque radiis suis 
pruinosas herbas siccaverat : amantes ad solitum locum coi'ere. 
Turn multa prius murmure parvo questl, statuunt ut nocte silenti 
custodes fallere eque foribus excedere temptent, cumque domo 
exierint, ut urbis quoque tecta relinquant : neve els sit crrandum 
in lato arvo spatiantibus, statuunt ut ad busta Nini conveniant, 
atque sub umbra arburis : namque arbor ibi erat, gelido con- 
termina fonti, ardua morus niveis uberrima pomis. 

Pacta placent ; et lux, quae amantibus tarde discedere est visa, 
praecipitatur aquis, et nox ab is lem aquis surgit. Thisbe callida 
per tenebras cardine versato egreditur fallitque custodes suos, 

152. temptent: c6nentnr. — 155. busta: tumulum. — 157. contermina: 

ccnti^ua, 124. — 157. gelidO : frigldd, — 158. pacta: COndiciSnSs, f O. 



PYRAMUS AND THTSBE 21 

£greditur „ fallitque su6s „ adop£rtaque vultum 

pervenit ad tumulum y dictaque sub arbore s£dit. 

Audacem faciebat am6r. H Venit £cce recenti 

caede leaena H boum spumantes 6blita rictus 

depositura sitim „ vicini f6ntis in unda. 165 

Quam procul ad lunae" radi6s „ Babyl6nia Thisbe 

vidit et 6bscurum „ trepid6 pede fugit in antrum, 

diimque fugit „ terg6 velamina lapsa reliquit. 

Ut lea sa^va sitim H multa comp^scuit unda, 

dum redit in silvas, B inv^ntos f6rte sin e ipsa 170 

6re cruentat6 u tenues laniavit amictus. 



PYRAMUS MISSES HIS APPOINTMENT AND JUMPS AT 
CONCLUSIONS 

Serius ^gressus B vestigia vidit in alto 
pulvere c£rta fera^ y tot6qu e expalluit 6re 
Pyramus. Ut ver6 „ vestem quoque sanguine tinctam 

adopertaque vultum ad tumulum pervenit, dictaque sub arbore 
sedit. Audacem amor earn faciebat. Ecce leaena tamen recent! 
boum caede oblita rictus spumantes, venit sitim in unda fontis 
vicini depositura. Quam Babylonia Thisbe procul ad lunae radios 
vidit, et trepido pede in antrum obscurum fugit, dumque fugit 
velamina sua a tergo lapsa reliquit. Lea autem saeva ut sitim 
multa unda compescuit, dum in silvas redit, amictus tenues forte 
sine ipsa inventos ore cruentato laniavit. 

Pyramus, serius egressus, in alto pulvere certa ferae vestigia 
vidit, expalluitque toto in ore. Ut vero vestem quoque sanguine 
tinctam repperit, ' Una nox,' inquit, ' duos amantes perdet ; e 

161. adoperta: velata. — 164. rictus: 6s, 139. — 166. radios: lucem, 
158. — 169. compescuit: deposuit, 165. — 172. serius: tardius, 158. 



22 A TERM I >l I >VII> 

ivpperit, 'Una dui'is,' inquit, 'nox plrdet amantes: 175 

c quibus ilia fuit longa dignissima vita, 

a6stra noclns anim" est : 1 miser&nda, peremi, 

in loca plena metus qui iussi n6cte veniies 

nee prior hue veni. „ Nostrum divellite corpus 

et scelerata fero consumite viscera morsu, 180 

() quicumque n sub hac habitatis rupe, , le6nes. 

Sed timid' est optare nec£m.' 

HIS LIFEBLOOD DYES THE MULBERRIES RED 

Velamina Thisbes 
t611it et ad pactae , secum fert arboris umbram. 
Utque dedit notae lacrimas, „ dedit 6scula v£sti, 
'Accipe nunc,' „ inquit, „ ' nostri quoque sanguinis haustus ! ' 1S5 
Qu6qu e erat accinctus n demisit in ilia fe*rrum \ 
n£c mora, „ ferventi moriens H e vulnere traxit. 

quibus ilia dignissima fuit longa vita, nostra anima est nocens ; 
ego, O miseranda, te peremi, qui iussi ut in loca metus plena 
nocte venires, nee prior hue veni. Divellite nostrum corpus, 
O leones, quicumque sub hac rupe habitatis, et scelerata 
viscera morsu fero consumite. Sed optare necem est hominis 
timid!.' 

Velamina Thisbes tollit, et secum ad umbram arboris pactae 
fert ; utque notae vesti lacrimas dedit, ut oscula dedit, ' Accipe 
nunc,' inquit, 'nostri quoque sanguinis haustus!' ferrumque quo 
erat accinctus in ilia sua demisit; nee erat mora, sed ierventi e 
vulnere moriens telum traxit. 

175. repperit : invenit, 170. — 177. peremi: perdidl, 175. — 180. scele- 
rata: impia. — 182. necem: mortem, [3.-183. pactae: dictae, 102. — 
186. demisit: inlixit. ilia: latus, 1 15. 



PYRAMUS AND THISBE 23 

Ut iacuit ,| resupinus hum6 d cruor emicat alte : 
n6n aliter H quam cum vitiato „ fistula plumbo 
scinditur, £t tenui H stridente foramine 16ngas 190 

eiaculatur aquas, „ atqu e ictibus aera rumpit. 
Arborei fetus „ aspergine caddis in atram 
vertuntur faciem, H madefactaque sanguine radix 
piinice6 „ tinguit pend£ntia m6ra col6re. 

THISBE FINDS HER LOVER'S BODY 

Ecce metu nondum posit6, „ ne fallat amantem 195 

ilia redit, „ iuvenemqu e oculis anim6que requirit 
quantaque vitarit H narrare pericula gestit. 
Utque loc um £t visa cogn6scit in arbore f6rmam, 
sic facit incertam „ pomi color : n haeret an ha£c sit. 
Diim dubitat „ tremebunda vid£t pulsare cru^ntum 200 

membra sOjlum „ re,troque pe,dem tulit, B oraque , buxo 

Ut iacuit humo resupinus cruor alte emicat : non aliter quam 
cum fistula plumbo vitiato scinditur, et tenui foramine strld-ente 
longas aquas eiaculatur, atque ictibus aera rumpit. Arborei fetus 
aspergine caedis in atram faciem vertuntur, radlxque sanguine 
madefacta mora pendentia puniceo colore tinguit. 

Ecce ilia, metu nondum posito, ne amantem fallat, redit, iuve- 
nemque oculis animoque requirit, quantaque pericula vitarit nar- 
rare gestit. Utque locum formamque in arbore visa cognoscit, 
sic color pomi earn incertam facit : haeret an haec sit arbor 
dicta. Dum dubitat, tremebunda membra cruentum solum pul- 
sare videt, retroque pedem tulit, oraque buxo pallidiora gerens 

189. vitiato: ruptS. — 191. ictibus: impetu. — 192. fetus: fructus. — 
193. faciem: colorem. — 194. puniceo: rubr5. — 195. posito: deposits, 
rem5to, 148. — 197. Vitarit: effugerit, 7. gestit: cupit. 



2.\ A I! KM OF OVID 

pallid \ horruit , aeqtioris instar, 

quod tremit exiguia cum sumroum ; stringitur , aura. 

SHE TRIES TO RECALL HIM TO LIFE 

Sed post.quam remo rata a su os cognovit a mures, 
percutit indignos (l clairo plan t gore UifCertos 205 

et laniata co mas , am,plexaque , corpus aimatum 

vulnera , supple|Vit lacr^mis „ fle,tumque cru,ori 

miscuit, , et geli,dis in , vultibus , oscula , figens, 

'Pyrame,' , clama t vit, „ ' quis , te mihi , casus ademit? 

Pyrame, , respon de : (| tua , te ca,rissima , Thisbe 210 

nominat : , exau,di, B vul,tusqu e at,tolle ia,centes!' 

Ad no, men This|bes n ocU|los iam , morte gra vatos 

Pyramus , erejxit N vi,saque re|Condidit , ilia. 

HER VOW AND PRAYER 

Quae post,quam ve,stemque su,am coignovit „ et , ense 
vidit e|bur vacuum, „ ' Tua , te manus,' ( inquit, ' a^norque 215 

exhorruit aequoris instar, quod tremit cum summum aura exigua 
stringitur. 

Sed postquam remorata amores suos cognovit, lacertos indignos 
claro plangore percutit, et laniata comas corpusque amatum am- 
plexa, lacrimls vulnera cius supplevit, fietumque cruori miscuit, et 
oscula gelidis in vultibus figens, 'Pyrame,' clamavit, 'quis casus te 
mihi ademit? Responde, Pyrame : tua Thisbe carissima te nomi- 
nat : exaudf, vultusque tuos attolle iacentes.' Pyramus ad nomen 
Thisbes oculos iam morte gravatos erexit, vfsaque ilia recondidit. 

Quaeque postquam vestem suam cognovit et ebur ense vacuum 

202. instar: Blcut — 203. exigua: levi, stringitur: impellitar, — 
204. amores: amantem, 175. — 209. ademit: sustain, eripuit. — 211. at- 
tolle: erige, — 213. recondidit: clausit. — 215. ebur: vSglnam. 



PYRAMUS AND THISBE 2$ 

perdidit, , infe,lix. , Est , et mihi , fortis in , unum 

hoc manus, , est et a f mor ; „ dabit , hie in , vulnera ( vires. 

Persequar ( exstinc,tum „ le,tique mi|Serrima , dicar 

causa co^nesque tu,i ; „ qui|qu e a me , morte re|Velli 

heu sojla pote,ras, „ pote^is nee , morte re,velli. 220 

Hoc tamen ( ambOjrum ver,bis „ e5,tote ro,gati, 

O muljtum mise^i, „ meus , illi, usque pa,rentes, 

ut quos 1 certus a|mor, „ quos , hora no ( vissima , iunxit, 

compo^i tumu,lo „ non ( invideiatis e|Odem. 

At tu 1 quae ra,mis „ ar|bor „ mise,rabile ( corpus 225 

nunc tegis | uni,us, „ mox ( es tec,tura du,orum, 

signa te,ne cae,dis y pul,losqu e et , luctibus , aptos 

semper ha|be fe,tus, „ gem^ni monu,menta crU|Oris.' 

HER DEATH 

Dixit et 1 apta,to pec,tus mu^rone sub , imum 
incubU|it fer^o „ quod ad ( huc a , caede teipebat. 230 

vldit, ' Tua manus/ inquit, ' amorque, Infellx, te perdidit. Et 
mihi est manus fortis in hoc unum, et mihi est amor; hie vires 
in vulnera mihi dabit. Te exstinctum persequar, causaque mi- 
serrima comesque let! tui dicar; tuque qui a me heu morte 
sola revelll poteras, poteris nee morte revelll. Hoc tamen, 
O multum miseri parentes meus illiusque, amborum verbis estote 
rogati, ut nos eodem in tumulo componl non invideatis quos 
certus amor, quos hora novissima iunxit. At tu, arbor, quae 
nunc rarnls tuis miserable corpus unlus tegis, mox duorum cor- 
pora es tectura, tene signa caedis, fetusque pullos et luctibus 
aptos semper habe, gemini monumenta cruoris. 

Talia dixit, et mucrone sub Imum pectus aptato, ferro quod 

219. revelll: seiungi. — 227. pullos: nigros, atros, 192. — 228. fetus: 
fructus. 



A HUM 01 OVID 

Vota tamen ti tetigere pa rentes: 

nam color in po ubi perma,turuit aterj 

quodque ro gis super est una requi,escit in , urna. 

adhiic ab illius caede tepebat incubuit. Vota tamen eorum 
tetigere deos, parentesque tetigere : nam color in pumo ubi 
permaturuit, est ater; idque quod rogis superest una in urna 
requiescit. 

231. tetigere: mSvere, 84. — 233. requiescit: compositum est, 224. 







Amor: Martin. 

III. APOLLO'S UNREQUITED LOVE FOR 
DAPHNE 

CUPID'S BOAST 

Primus a|mor Phoe^i „ Da,phne Pe^eia, , quem non 
fors i ( gnara de|dit, u sed | saeva CU|pidinis , ira. 235 

Delius 1 hunc rasper „ vicjto serjpente suiperbus 
viderat | adduqto B fleC|tentem , cornua , nervo, 
'Quid 'que *ti|bi, B la|Scive pU|er, (| cum j fortibus f armis ? ' 
dixerat ; f ' ista decent ume ; ros ge^tamina , nostros, 

Primus amor Phoebi erat Daphne Peneia, quem amorem non 
fors ignara, sed saeva Cupldinis Ira dedit. Delius victo serpente 
superbus hunc cornua nervo adducto flectentem nuper viderat, 
dlxeratque, ' Quid est tibi, lasclve puer, cum fortibus armls ? 
Ista gestamina umeros decent nostros, qui ferae (dare), qui 

235. ignara: caeca. — 237. cornua: arcum. 
27 



A TERM OF < aid 
qui dare , certa ferae, dare , vulnera j possumus , hosti, 240 

qui modu ( pe»tife ro t«»t iugera , ventre pre lnentein 

stravimus 1 innumer ( is tumi dum Py|thona sagittis. 

Tu face , nescio quos , esto con tenuis a ( morea 

indagare tu a, , nee , laudes , adsere , nostras.' 

Filius 1 huic Veneris, „ Fi gat tuus , omnia, ( Phoebe, 245 

te nieus , arcus ; „ a it, N quan toqu'* ani malia ( cedunt 

cuncta de o, „ tan to minor , est tua , gloria , nostra.' 

HE SHOOTS TWO ARROWS. DAPHNE'S AMBITION 

Dixit et , eli so „ pertussis ( aere , pennis 
impiger | umbro sa Par,nasi f constitit , arce 

eque sa,gittife ra „ promjpsit duo , tela pharetra 250 

diver sor u,n ope^um ; „ fugat ( hoc, „ facit ( illud a|morem. 
Quod facit , hama,t um est H et ( cuspide , fulget a.cuta : 
quod fugat , obtu,s uin est „ et ha,bet sub ha rundine , plumbum. 
Hoc deus 1 in nyrr^pha „ Pe,neide , fixit ; at | illo 

host! vulnera certa dare possumus ; qui modo tumidum Pyth5na 
tot iugera ventre pestifero prementem innumeris sagittis stravi- 
mus. Esto tu contentus face tua nescio quos amores indagare 
nee adsere laudes nostras.' Huic filius Veneris respondit : 
'Omnia tuus figat, Phoebe,' ait, ' te meus arcus figet : quanto- 
que cuncta animalia deo cedunt, tanto minor est tua gloria 
nostra.' 

Talia dixit Cupido, et aere eliso percussls pennis in umbrdsa 
Parnasi arce impiger constitit, eque sagittifera pharetra duo tela 
prompsit diversorum operum: hoe fugat, facit autem illud amo- 
rem. Id quod amorem facit est hamatum et cuspide acuta fulget : 
id veto quod fugat est obtusura et sub harundine plumbum habet, 

241. prementem: tegentem, 226. — 248. pennis: alia. — 249. impiger: 
celer, HO. — 250. prompsit: lumpsit. 



APOLLO'S UNREQUITED LOVE FOR DAPHNE 29 

laesit A,polline,as y tra,iecta per , ossa N me|dullas. 255 

Protinus , alter a^nat ; , fugit { altera , nomen a ( mantis, 

silva^um tene|bris „ cap|tiva[rumque fe^arum 

exuvi^s gau,dens „ in|nuptaejqu e aemula , Phoebes. 

Vitta co^rcejbat „ posi,tos sine | lege „ caipillos. 

Mult 1 il^am peti|er e , „ il ( l a aver^ata pe^entes 260 

impat^ens „ ex ( persque vi ( ri „ neraO|r um avia , lustrat 

nee quid Hy ( men, H quid A|inor, ,, quid j sint C0|nubia, j curat. 

Saepe pa^er di|xit, (| ' Gene|rum „ mihi, ( Alia, | debes.' 

Saepe pa|ter di|xit, „ ' De bes mihi, t nata, „ nejpotes.' 

Ilia ve|lut cri|men N tae|das eX|Osa iU|gales 265 

pulchra ve^ecunido „ suf,funditur , ora ru,bore, 

inque pa|tris blan|dis hae,rens cer|Vice la.certis, 

' Da mihi ( perpetu,a „ geni|tor ca|rissime,' | dixit, 

' virgin^ tate fni!!. n Dedit [ hoc pater { ante Di,anae.' 

Hoc deus in nympha Peneide fixit ; at illo per ossa traiecta Apol- 
lineas medullas laesit. Protinus alter amat ; fugit altera ipsum 
nomen amantis, silvarum tenebris gaudens, exuviisque captivarum 
ferarum, inniiptaeque aemula Phoebes. Vitta capillos eius sine 
lege positos coercebat. Multi proci illam petiere, at ilia eos 
petentes aversata, expers impatiensque virl nemorum avia lustrat, 
nee quid Hymen, quid Amor, quid conubia sint, curat. Saepe 
pater eius dixit, ' Generum mihi, ml filia, debes.' Saepe pater 
eius dixit, 'Nepotes mihi, O nata, debes.' At ilia, taedas iuga- 
les velut crimen exosa, pulchra ora rubore verecundo suffunditur, 
blandisque suis lacertis in cervlce patris haerens, dixit, ' Da mihi, 
O genitor carissime, virginitate fruT perpetua. Namque Dianae 
pater hoc ante ill! dedit/ 

255. traiecta: transfixa. — 258. exuviis : spolils. — 259. coercebat: reti- 
nebat. — 261. lustrat: percurrit, 96. — 264. nata: filia, 263. — 265. exosa: 
aversaia, 260. iugales : nuptiales. 



30 A II LM I '1 <»\ID 

APOLLO'S GREAT LOVE 

Illc qui en tnr. Sed | te decor, iste quod,optas 270 

•.ct.it, vojtoque tu o tua ( forma reipugnat 

PhoebtlS a mat, vi saeque cu pit CO nubia I kiphncs, 

quodque cU|pit spent; suaqu" ill'"" oracula , fallunt. 

Utque le|Ves stipu lae , dem ptis ado,lentur a ristis, 

ut faci bus saepes ardent, „ quas ( forte viator 275 

vel nimis , admo,vit „ vel ( iam sub , luce reliquit; 

sic deus , in flam, mas abijit, „ sic , pectore , toto 

uritur ( et sterijem „ spe^ando , nutrit amorem. 

Spectat injorna^os „ coUo pen dere capillos, 

et ' Quid , si cOjmantur?' ait. , Videt ( igne mi cantes 280 

sideri^bus similes ocu ; los, „ videt ( oscula, , quae non 

est vi.disse sa,tis; „ lau,dat digltosque ma.nusque 

bracchia ; qu e H et mijdos media plus , parte lacertos: 

siqua lament „ meli|Ora pu tat. „ Fugit ( ocior , aura 

ilia lejvi, „ nequ e ad | haec revo^antis ( verba re,sistit : 285 

Ille quidem obsequitur. Sed te iste decor esse quod optas 
vetat, formaque tua tuo voto repugnat. Phoebus amat, coniibiaque 
cupit Daphnes visae, idque quod cupit sperat : suaque oracula 
ilium fallunt. Utque leves stipulae aristls demptis adolentur, utque 
ardent saepes facibus quas viator forte vel nimis admovit vel iam 
sub luce relTquit ; sic in flammas abiit deus; sic ille toto in 
pectore uritur, et sperando sterilem amorem suum nutrit. Capillos 
in illlus collo inornatos pendere spectat, et 'Quid, si comantur?' 
ait. Oculosque Igne micantes slderibus similes videt, videtque 
oscula, quae vldisse non est satis: digitosque manusque laudat, 
bracchiaque et lacertos plus quam media parte nudos : et siqua 
latent ea meliora esse putat. Sed ilia ocior aura levi fugit, neque 
ad haec verba dei revocantis resistit : 

274. adolentur: combfiruntar. — 276. luce: die. — 278. sterilem: vanum. 
— 281. Sscula: os, 139. — 284. meliora: formosiora, 52. ocior: Lclcnor, no. 



APOLLO'S UNREQUITED LOVE FOR DAPHNE 31 

A GOD'S WOOING 

' Nympha, pre,cor, „ Pe,nei, „ ma,ne ! „ non , insequor , hostis : 
nympha, ma^e ! „ sic , agna hi|pum, N sic , cerva le|Onem, 
sic aqui^am „ peiijna fugi|imt trep^dante co^urabae, 
hostes 1 quaeque su,os. y Amor | est mihi | causa se,quendi. 
Me mise^m ! „ ne , prona cajdas, N in ( dignave , laedi 290 

crura no,tent senses, „ et , sim tibi , causa dO|loris. 
Aspera , qua prope^as u loca l sunt. H Mode,ratius, , oro, 
curre fujgamqu 6 inhi ( be. Mode,ratius | insequar ( ipse. 
Cui place,as inquire ta,men. H Non ( incola , montis, 
non ego , sum pastor, „ non ( hie a^menta gre,gesque 295 

horridus | obser,vo. „ Nereis, , teme^aria, , nescis 
quera fugi,as, B ide|Oque fU|gis. y Mihi ( Delphica j tellus 
et Claros , et Tenejdos H Patajraeaque , regia , servit. 
Iuppiter . est geni,tor. H Per , me quod e|ritque fu ( itque 
estque pajtet. y Per | me con,cordant , carmina { nervis. 300 

Certa quidem nostr a est, „ nostra tamen una sagitta 

' Mane, precor, nympha Penei ! Non hostis insequor : mane, 
nympha ! ' Sic agna lupum, sic cerva leonem, sic columbae penna 
trepidante aquilam fugiunt, hostes suos quaeque. Mihi sequendl 
amor est causa. Me miserum ! ne cadas sentesve crura laedi 
indigna notent, et sim tibi causa doloris. Aspera sunt loca qua 
properas. Curre, igitur, moderatius, oro, fugamque inhibe. Inse- 
quar moderatius ipse. Inquire tamen cui placeas. Non incola 
montis, non pastor ego sum ; non horridus armenta gregesque hie 
observo. Nescis, O temeraria puella, nescis quern fugis, ideoque 
fugis. Mihi enim Delphica tellus et Claros et Tenedos Pataraeaque 
regia servit. Iuppiter mihi est genitor. Per me autem patet id 
quod fuit estque eritque. Per me etiam carmina nervis concor- 
dant. Nostra sagitta quiderm est certa, certior tamen nostra est 

290. laedi : vulnerari. — 293. inhibe: cohibe. — 296. horridus: hlrsutus. 



32 A lT.KM 01 OVID 

certior, in vacuo quae vulnera pectore fecit. 
[nventum medicina me - " est, opiferque pei orbem 
dicot et herbarum „ subiecta potentia nobis. 
Ei mihi, quod nullia „ amor est sanabilis berbis, 

Dec prosunt domino, n quae prosunt omnibus artes ! ■ 

A REFUSAL 

Plura locuturum n timido Peneia cursu 
fugit cumqu c ipso „ verb a imperfecta reliquit, 
turn quoque visa decens. (l Nudabant corpora venti 
obviaqu* adversas „ vibrabant flamina vestes 310 

et levis impulsos „ retro dabat aura capillos ; 
auctaque forma fug* est. „ Sed enim non sustinet ultra 
perdere blanditias B iuvenis deus, utque movebat 
ips e amor, admisso „ sequitur vestigia passu. 
Ut canis in vacuo „ leporem cum Gallicus arvo 315 

vidit et hie praedam „ pedibus petit, ille salutem ; 

una, quae vacuo in pectore ^neo vulnera fecit. Medicina autem 
inventum est meum, opiferque per orbem terrarum dlcor, et herba- 
rum potentia subiecta est nobis. Ei mihi, quod amor sanabilis est 
nullls herbis, nee domino prosunt illae artes quae omnibus pro- 
sunt ! ' 

Quern plura locuturum Peneia timido cursu fugit, cumque 
Apolline ipso verba eius imperfecta reliquit, turn quoque visa 
decens. Venti enim corpora eius nudabant, obviaque tlamina 
vestes vibrabant adversas, et levis aura capillos impulsos retro 
dabat; formaque iilius fuga est aucta. Sed enim iuvenis deus 
blanditias suas perdere non ultra sustinet, utque amor ipse eum 
movebat, admisso passu vestigia virginis sequitur. Ut rum Galli- 
cus canis vacuo in arvo leporem vidit, et hie praedam, ille salutem 

306. prosunt: iuvant, 27. — 309. decens: pulchra, 266. — 314. admisso: 
cckrl, 110. 



APOLLO'S UNREQUITED LOVE FOR DAPHNE 33 

alter inhaesuro similis „ iam iamque tenere 

sperat et extento „ stringit vestigia rostro ; 

alter in ambigu est „ an sit comprensus, et ipsis 

morsibus eripitur |( tangentiaqu 6 ora relinquit : 320 

sic deus et virg°, „ est hie spe celer, ilia timore. 

Qui tamen insequitur (| pennis adiutus amoris 

ocior est l( requiemque negat „ tergoque fugacis 

imminet et crinem „ sparsum cervicibus adflat. 

Viribus absumptis „ expalluit ilia, „ citaeque 325 

victa labore fugae „ spectans Peneidas undas, 

1 Fer pater/ inquit, „ ' opem ! H Tellus,' „ ait, ' hisce, „ vel istam 

quae facit ut laedar „ mutando perde figuram.' 

DAPHNE BECOMES A LAUREL TREE INSTEAD OF A BRIDE 

Vix prece finita „ torpor gravis occupat artus, 
mollia cinguntur n tenui praecordia libro, 330 

in frondem crines, „ in ramos bracchia crescunt : 

pedibus petit; alter similis cam inhaesuro iam iamque praedam 
suam tenere sperat, et extento rostro vestigia eius stringit ; alter 
in ambiguo est an iam sit comprensus, et ipsis morsibus eripitur, 
tangentiaque ora relinquit : sic deus et virgo, hie spe est celer, 
timore ilia. Is tamen qui pennis amoris adiutus insequitur est 
ocior, requiemque ill! negat, imminetque tergo puellae fugacis, 
et crinem illlus cervicibus sparsum adflat. Ilia viribus absumptis 
expalluit, victaque labore citae fugae Peneidas undas spectans, 
' Fer opem, pater/ inquit. ' Hisce, Tellus,' ait, ' vel mutando 
perde istam figuram, quae facit ut laedar.' 

Prece vix finita torpor gravis artus eius occujpat, atque mollia 
praecordia tenui libro cinguntur ; in frondem crines, bracchia eius 
m ramos crescunt ; pes eius modo tam velox pigris radlcibus in 

317. inhaesuro; correpturo. — 320. ora: rictus, 164. — 325. absumptis: 
haustls. — 328. laedar : off endar. — 330. praecordia : viscera. 

TERM OF OV. — 3 



34 A TERM OF OVID 

modo tam veloi pigrifl radicibus haeret, 
uumen obit. Remanet nitor anus in ilia. 
Hanc quoque Phoebus amat, , positaqu* in stipite dextra 
scntit adhuc trepidare novo sub cortice pect 335 

complexusque suis ramos ut membra lacertis 

I dat ligno : „ refugit tamen oscula lignum. 
Cui deus, 'At quoniam coniunx n mea non potes esse, 
arbor eris certe,' „ dixit, , ' mea. Semper habebunt 
te coma, te citharae, „ te nostrae, laure, pharetrae. 340 

Tu ducibus Latiis aderis „ cum laeta Triumphum 
vox canet et visent longas Capitolia pompas. 
Postibus Augustis n eadem fidissima custos 
ante fores stabis „ mediamque tuebere quercum. 
Utque me um intonsis H caput est iuvenale capillis, 345 

tu quoque perpetuos „ semper gere frondis honores.' 

Finierat Paean. „ Factis modo laurea ramis 
adnuit utque caput „ vis a est agitasse cacumen. 

terra haeret, obitque ora cacumen. Nitor unus in ilia remanet. 
Hanc quoque Phoebus amat, dextraque sua in stipite posita pectus 
Daphnes novo sub cortice adhuc trepidare sentit, complexusque 
ramos illlus ut membra lacertis suis, oscula ligno dat : ipsum tamen 
lignum oscula refugit. Cui deus dixit : * At quoniam coniunx mea 
esse non potes, arbor mea certe eris. Semper te coma, te citharae, 
te pharetrae nostrae, laure, habebunt Tu Latiis ducibus aderis 
cum vox laeta Triumphum canet, et visent Capitolia longas pompas. 
Tu eadem postibus Augustis fidissima custos ante fores stabis, quer- 
curoque mediam tuebere. Utque meum caput iuvenale est intonsis 
capillis, tu quofjue semper gere perpetuos frondis honores. 1 

Finierat Paean. Laurea ramis modo factis adnuit, cacumenque 
ut caput agitasse est \ i 

332. pigris : Kgnibos. — 333. nitor: splendor. — 344. tuebere: dr-fen- 
Ics. — 348. agitasse: movCrc. 




Aurora: Guido Reni. 

IV. HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S 
CHARIOT 



THE PALACE OF THE SUN. PHAETHON IS DAZZLED BY 
WHAT HE SEES 

Regia Solis erat sublimibus alta columnis, 

clara micante auro flam masque imitante pyropo, 350 

cuius ebur nitidum fastigia summa tegebat; 

argenti bifores radiabant lumine valvae. 

Materiam superabat opus ; nam Mulciber illic 

aequora caelarat medias cingentia terras, 

terrarumque orbem caelumque, quod imminet orbi. 355 

Caeruleos habet unda deos, Tritona canorum, 

Proteaque ambiguum, balaenarumque prementem 

Aegaeona suis im mania terga lacertis, 

Doridaque et natas f quarum pars nare videtur, 

pars in mole sedens virides siccare capillos, 360 

pisce vehi quaedam : facies non omnibus una, 

nee diversa tamen • qualem decet esse sororum. 

opus: ars. — 355. imminet: impositum est. — 360. mole: rupe, i8lo 



353< 



imminet : impositum est. 
35 



$6 A TERM ' >1 OVID 

'1 n i \ ii url • it, ulvasqi 

fluminaque et nymph numina runs. 

Haec super imposita est caeli ralgentis imago, 1*5 

gnaque sex foribus dextris, totidemque sinistris. 
» simul acclivo Clymeneia limite proles 
venit et intravit dubitati tecta parentis, 
protinus ad patrios sua fert vestigia vultus 
consistitque procul : neque enim propiora ferebat 370 

lamina. Purpurea velatus veste sedebat 
in solio Phoebus claris lucente smaragdis. 
A dextra laevaque Dies et Mensis et Annus 
Saeculaque et positae spatiis aequalibus Horae, 
Verque novum stabat cinctum florente corona; 375 

stabat nuda Aestas et spicea serta gerebat; 
stabat et Autumnus calcatis sordidus uvis, 
et glacialis Hiems canos hirsuta capillos. 

HE VENTURES INTO HIS FATHER'S PRESENCE. A RASH PROMISE 

Inde loco medius rerum novitate paventem 
sol oculis iuvenem, quibus adspicit omnia, vidit, 380 

'Quae 'que 'viae tibi causa? quid hac' ait 'arce petisti, 
progenies, Phaethon, haud infitianda parenti?' 
Ille refert ' O lux immensi publica mundi, 
Phoebe pater, si das huius mihi nominis usum, 
nee falsa Clymene culpam sub imagine celat ; 385 

pignora da, genitor, per quae tua vera propago 
credar, et hunc animis errorem detrahe nostris.' 
Dixerat. At genitor circum caput omne micantes 

367. acclivo limite : ardai (411) viS — 369. fert: dlrigit. — 376. serta: 
cop. inn,, 575. — 378. hirsuta: horrida, 296. — 382. Infitianda: abnegan- 
da. — 383. refert: reapondet, 2ia — 386. propago: filius proles, 367. 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 37 

deposuit radios, propiusque accedere iussit, 

amplexuque dato, ' Nee tu meus esse negari 390 

dignus es, et Clymene veros ' ait ' edidit ortus. 

Quoque minus dubites, quodvis pete munus, ut illud 

me tribuente feras : promissi testis adesto 

dis iuranda palus, oculis incognita nostris.' 

PHAETHON'S STARTLING REQUEST 

Vix bene desierat, currus rogat ille paternos, 395 

inque diem alipedum ius et moderamen equorunio 
Paenituit iurasse patrem : qui terque quaterque 
concutiens inlustre caput, 'Temeraria' dixit ' 

'vox mea facta tua est; utinam promissa liceret 
non dare ! confiteor, solum hoc tibi, nate, negarem : 400 
dissuadere licet. Non est tua tuta voluntas. 
Magna petis, Phaethon, et quae nee viribus istis 
munera conveniant nee tam puerilibus annis. 
Sors tua mortalis ; non est mortale quod optas. 
Plus etiam, quam quod superis contingere fas est, 405 

nescius adfectas. Placeat sibi quisque licebit; 
non tamen ignifero quisquam consistere in axe 
me valet excepto. Vasti quoque rector Olympi, 
qui fera terribili iaculatur fulmina dextra, 
non agat hos currus •. et quid love maius habemus ? 410 

THE DANGERS OF THE STAR ROUTE 

Ardua prima via est et qua vix mane recentes 
enituntur equi : medio est altissima caelo, 

391. ortus: originem, 58. — 395. desierat: finierat, 347. — 396. mode- 
ramen : regimen. — 398. inlustre : splendidum. — 403. conveniant : apta 
sint, 227. — 405. contingere: consequl, 113. — 406. adfectas: cupis, 273. 



38 A TERM OF OVID 

undo mare et terras ipsi mini saepe videre 

fit timor, et pavida trepidat formidine pectus. 

Ultima prona via est et eget moderamine certo: 415 

tunc etiam quae me subiectis excipit undis, 

ne ferar in praeceps, Tethys solet ipsa vercri. 

Adde quod adsidua rapitur vertigine caelum, 

sideraque alta trahit celerique volumine torquet. 

Nitor in adversum, nee me qui cetera, vincit 420 

impetus, et rapido contrarius evehor orbi. 

Finge datos currus : quid ages? poterisne rotatis 

obvius ire polis, ne te citus auferat axis? 

Forsitan et lucos illic urbesque deorum 

concipias animo delubraque ditia donis 425 

esse? per insidias iter est formasque ferarum. 

Utque viam teneas nulloque errore traharis, 

per tamen adversi gradieris cornua Tauri 

Haemoniosque arcus violentique ora Leonis 

saevaque circuitu curvantem bracchia longo 430 

Scorpion atque aliter curvantem bracchia Cancrum. 

Nee tibi quadrupedes animosos ignibus lllis, 

quos in pectore habent, quos ore et naribus efflant, 

in promptu regere est : vix me patiuntur, ubi acres 

incaluere animi cervixque repugnat habenis. 435 

•'ASK ANYTHING BUT THAT!" 

At tu, funesti ne sim tibi muneris auctor, 
nate, cave, dum resque sinit, tua corrige vota. 

415. prona: declivis. — 418. adsidua: continua. — 420. nitor: contends, 
— 422. finge: Buppdne. — 425. concipias: fingas, 422. delubra: tempU, 
87.-434. in promptu: facile, 43. 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 39 

Scilicet ut nostro genitum te sanguine credas, 

pignora certa petis? do pignora certa timendo, 

et patrio pater esse metu probor. Adspice vultus 440 

ecce meos : utinamque oculos in pectora posses 

inserere, et patrias intus deprendere curas ! 

Denique quicquid habet dives, circumspice, mundus, 

eque tot ac tantis caeli terraeque marisque 

posce bonis aliquid : nullam patiere repulsam. 445 

Deprecor hoc unum, quod vero nomine poena, 

non honor est : poenam, Phaethon, pro munere poscis. 

Quid mea colla tenes blandis, ignare, lacertis? 

Ne dubita, dabitur — Stygias iuravimus undas ! — 

quodcumque optaris : sed tu sapientius opta.' 450 

THE BOY CANNOT BE DISSUADED. THE CHARIOT OF THE SUN. 
FINAL PREPARATIONS 

Finierat monitus; dictis tamen ille repugnat 
propositumque premit flagratque cupidine currus. 
Ergo qua licuit genitor cunctatus, ad altos 
deducit iuvenem, Vulcania munera, currus. 
Aureus axis erat, temo aureus, aurea summae 455 

curvatura rotae, radiorum argenteus ordo. 
Per iuga chrysolithi positaeque ex ordine gemmae 
clara repercusso reddebant lumina Phoebo. 
Dumque ea magnanimus Phaethon miratur opusque 
perspicit, ecce vigil rutilo patefecit ab ortu 460 

purpureas Aurora fores et plena rosarum 
atria ; diffugiunt stellae, quarum agmina cogit 

442. inserere: immittere. — 446. deprecor: averts. — 452. flagrat: ardet, 
275. — 453. cunctatus: moratus, 102. — 458. repercusso: reflexo. 



40 A 1 ERM < »l OVID 

Lucifer, et caeli Btatione Dovissimus exit. 

Quem petere at terras, mundumque rubescere vidit, 

oofnuaque extremae velut evanescere Lunae, 465 

inngere equos Titan velocibus impeiat Horis. 

Iussa dcae celeres peragunt, ignemque vomentes 

ambrosiae suco saturos praesaepibus altis 

quadrupedes ducunt adduntque sonantia frena. 

Turn pater ora sui sacro medicamine nati 470 

contigit et rapidae fecit patientia flammae, 

imposuitque comae radios, praesagaque luctus 

pectore sollicito repetens suspiria dixit : 

DIRECTIONS FOR DRIVING THE FIERY HORSES 

' Si potes his saltern monitis parere paternis, 
parce, puer, stimulis, et fortius utere loris. 475 

Sponte sua properant ; labor est inhibere volentes. 
Nee tibi directos placeat via quinque per arcus. 
Sectus in obliquum est lato curvamine limes, 
zonarumque trium contentus fine, polumque 
effugit australem iunctamque aquilonibus Arcton. 480 

Hac sit iter : manifesta rotae vestigia cernes. 
Utque ferant aequos et caelum et terra calores, 
nee preme, nee summum molire per aethera cursum. 
Altius egressus caelestia tecta cremabis, 
inferius terras: medio tutissimus ibis. 4S5 

Neu te dexterior tortum declinet ad Anguem, 
fceve sinisterior pressam rota ducat ad Aram : 

467. vomentes: efflantSs, 433 — 468. satur5s : plenCs, 461. — A7' 2 - prae- 
saga: praenfmtia. — 476. inhibere: coCrcere. — 483. preme: dSprime. mo 
lire: age, 410. — 487. pressam: dgpreMam. 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 4 1 

inter utrumque tene. Fortunae cetera mando, 

quae iuvet et melius quam tu tibi consulat opto. 

Dum loquor, Hesperio positas in litore metas 490 

umida nox tetigit ; non est mora libera nobis. 

Poscimur : effulget tenebris aurora fugatis. 

Corripe lora manu ! — vel, si mutabile pectus 

est tibi, consiliis, non curribus utere nostris, 

dum potes, et solidis etiam nunc sedibus adstas, 495 

dumque male optatos nondum premis inscius axes. 

Quae tutus spectes, sine me dare lumina terris ! ' 

THE START. THE STEEDS BOLT 

Occupat ille levem iuvenali corpore currum, 
statque super, manibusque datas contingere habenas 
gaudet, et invito grates agit inde parenti. 500 

Interea volucres Pyrois et Eoiis et Aethon, 
• solis equi, quartusque Phlegon hinnitibus auras 
flammiferis implent pedibusque repagula pulsant. 
Quae postquam Tethys, fatorum ignara nepotis, 
reppulit, et facta est immensi copia mundi, 505 

corripuere viam, pedibusque per aera motis 
obstantes scindunt nebulas, pennisque levati 
praetereunt ortos isdem de partibus Euros. 
Sed leve pondus erat, nee quod cognoscere possent 
solis equi, solitaque iugum gravitate carebat. 510 

Utque labant curvae iusto sine pondere naves 
perque mare instabiles nimia levitate feruntur, 
sic onere adsueto vacuus dat in aera saltus, 

497. sine : patere. — 503. repagula : carceres, 93. — 505. reppulit : re- 
m5vit. — 511. labant: vacillant. 



42 A 'IT. KM OF <)VII) 

sucrutiturquc alte similisquc est rurrus inani. 

<d sinuil xe, ruunt tritumque relinquunt 515 

quadriiugi spatium, nee quo prius, online currunt. 
Ipse pavet; nee qua commissas flectat haben;is, 
nee scit qua sit iter; nee, si sciat, imperet illis. 

DOUBT AND DISMAY 

Ut vero summo despexit ab aethere terras 
infelix Phaethon penitus penitusque iacentes, 520 

palluit, et subito genua intremuere timore, 
suntque oculis tenebrae per tantum lumen obortae. 
Et iam mallet equos numquam tetigisse paternos; 
iam cognosse genus piget et valuisse rogando : 
iam Meropis dici cupiens, ita fertur, ut acta 525 

praecipiti pinus borea, cui victa remisit 
frena suus rector, quam dis votisque reliquit. 
Quid faciat? multum caeli post terga relictum, 
ante oculos plus est : animo metitur utrumque. 
Et modo quos illi fatum contingere non est, 530 

prospicit occasus, interdum respicit ortus. 
Quidque agat ignarus stupet, et nee frena remittit, 
nee retinere valet, nee nomina novit equorum. 
Sparsa quoque in vario passim miracula caelo 
vastarani(]iie videt trepidus simulacra ferarum. 535 

OFF THE TRACK. HOTTER AND HOTTER 

• locus, in geminos ubi bracchia concavat arcus 
Scorpios, et cauda flexisque utrimque Lacertis 

524. piget: paenitet, 397. — 526. pinus: navis, 51 1. — 530. contingere: 
pervenlre, 162. — 535. simulacra: imagines, 365. — 536. concavat: Bectit, 
237. 537- 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 43 

porrigit in spatium signorum membra duorum. 

Hunc puer ut nigri madidum sudore veneni 

vulnera curvata minitantem cuspide vidit, 540 

mentis inops gelida formidine lora remisit. 

Quae postquam summo tetigere iacentia tergo, 

exspatiantur equi, nulloque inhibente per auras 

ignotae regionis eunt; quaque impetus egit, 

hac sine lege ruunt, altoque sub aethere fixis 545 

incursant stellis, rapiuntque per avia currum. 

Et modo summa petunt, modo per declive viasque 

praecipites spatio terrae propiore feruntur. 

Inferiusque suis fraternos currere Luna 

admiratur equos, ambustaque nubila fumant. 550 




Sol 



Corripitur flammis ut quaeque altissima> tellus, 
fissaque agit rimas et sucis aret ademptis. 
Pabula canescunt ; cum frondibus uritur arbor, 

538. porrigit: extendit, 318. — 541. remisit: laxavit. — 545. ruunt: 
currunt, 516. — 550. ambusta: incensa. — 552. ademptis: exhaustis. 



44 A TERM 01 OVID 

materiamque boo praebet seges arida damno. 

Parva queror : magnac peieuiit cum moenibus tiroes, 355 

cumque sais Iotas populis incendia gentes 

in cinerem vertunt ; silvae cum montibus ardent 

Turn vero Phaethon cunctis e partibus orbem 

adspicit accensum, nee tantos sustinet aestus, 

fVrventesque auras velut e fornace profundi 560 

ore trabit, currusque suos candescere sentit. 

Et neque iam cineres eiectatamque favillam 

ferre potest, calidoque involvitur undique fumo. 

Quoque eat, aut ubi sit, picea caligine tectus 

nescit, et arbitrio volucrum raptatur equorum. 565 

THE EARTH SUFFERS FROM THE HEAT 

Sanguine tunc credunt in corpora summa vocato 

Aethiopum populos nigrum traxisse colorem. 

Turn facta est Libye raptis umoribus aestu 

arida; turn nymphae passis fontesque lacusque 

deflevere comis. 570 

Dissilit omne solum, penetratque in Tartara rimis 

lumen et infernum terret cum coniuge regem ; 

et mare contrahitur, siccaeque est campus harenae 

quod modo pontus erat ; quosque altum texerat aequor 

exsistunt montes et sparsas Cycladas augent 575 

Ima petunt pisces, nee se super aequora curvi 

tollere consuetas audent delphines in auras. 

Corpora phocarum summo resupina profundo 

exanimata natant ; ipsum quoque Nerea fama est 

554. materiam : pSbulum. — 563. involvitur: cirenmfanditar. — 564. pi- 
cea: obscurS, 167, — 566. vocato: eductS. — 567. traxisse: ifimpBine. — 
571. dissilit: hiat, agit r!m2s, 552. — 578. resupina: inverta. 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 45 

Doridaque et natas tepidis latuisse sub antris. 580 

Ter Neptunus aquis cum torvo bracchia vultu 

exserere ausus erat; ter non tulit aeris ignes. 

Alma tamen Tellus, ut erat circumdata ponto, 

inter aquas pelagi, contractos undique fontes, 

qui se condiderant in opacae viscera matris, 585 

sustulit oppressos collo terms arida vultus ; 

opposuitque manum fronti, magnoque tremore 

omnia concutiens paulum subsedit et infra 

quam solet esse fuit ; sacraque ita voce locuta est : 

HER BITTER COMPLAINT 

'Si placet hoc, meruique, quid O tua fulmina cessant, 590 
summe deum? liceat periturae viribus ignis 
igne perire tuo, clademque auctore levare. 
Vix equidem fauces haec ipsa in verba resolvo' — 
presserat ora vapor — ' tostos en adspice crines, 
inque oculis tantum, tantum super ora favillae. 595 

Hosne mihi fructus, hunc fertilitatis honorem 
officiique refers, quod adunci vulnera aratri 
rastrorumque fero totoque exerceor anno, 
quod pecori frondes alimentaque mitia, fruges 
humano generi, vobis quoque tura ministro? 60c 

Sed tamen exitium fac me meruisse ; quid undae, 
quid meruit frater? cur illi tradita sorte 
aequora decrescunt et ab aethere longius absunt? 
Quod si nee fratris, nee te mea gratia tangit, 
at caeli miserere tui ! circumspice utrumque : 605 

580. tepidis: calidis, 563. — 582. exserere: emittere. — 592. cladem: 
exitium. — 593. resolvo : aperi5. fauces : 5s, 433. — 597. adunci : cum", 
576. — 600. ministro: praebeo, 554. — 601. fac: finge, 422. 



46 A rERM OJ OVID 

fumat uteique pohlSj quos si vitiawrit ignis, 
atria votra ruent. Atlas en ipse labor it, 

vixque suis umeris candentem sustinet axem. 

Greta, si tenae pereunt, si eli, 

in chaos antiquum confundimur. Eripe flammis 610 

siquid adhuc superest, et rerum consule summae.' 
Dixerat haec Tellus: neque enim tolerare vaporem 
ulterius potuit nee dicere plura; suumque 
rettulit os in se propioraque manibus antra. 

JUPITER TO THE RESCUE 

At pater omnipotens, superos testatus et ipsum 615 
qui dederat currus, nisi opem ferat, omnia fato 
interitura gravi, summam petit arduus arcem, 
unde solet latis nubes inducere terris, 
unde movet tonitrus vibrataque fulmina iactat. 
Sed neque quas posset terris inducere nubes 62c 

tunc habuit nee quos caelo dimitteret imbres. 
Intonat et dextra libratum fulmen ab aure 
misit in aurigam pariterque animaque rotisque 
expulit, et saevis compescuit ignibus ignes. 
Consternantur equi et saltu in contraria facto 625 

colla iugo eripiunt abruptaque lora relinquunt. 
Illic frena iacent, illic temone revulsus 
axis, in hac radii frartarum parte rotarum, 
sparsaque sunt late laceri vestigia currus. 
At Phaethon, rutilos fl.tmma populante capillos, 630 

volvitur in praeceps longoque per aera tractu 

607. ment : cadent, 39a — 613. ulterius: diutius, 103. — 623. misit: 
iecit, 116. — 624. compescuit: opp r o i t ; cf. 169. — 629. laceri: fnicii, 6a& 
— 630. rutilos: Ihivos. 



HOW PHAETHON DROVE HIS FATHER'S CHARIOT 4; 

fertur, ut interdum de caelo Stella sereno 
etsi non cecidit, potuit cecidisse videri. 

THE DEATH OF PHAETHON. HIS MOTHER'S SORROW 

Quern procul a patria diverso maximus orbe 
excipit Eridanus fumantiaque abluit ora. 635 

Naides Hesperiae trifida fumantia flamma 
corpora dant tumulo, signant quoque carmine saxum : 

'HIC SITUS EST PHAETHON, CURRUS AURIGA PATERNI 
QUEM SI NON TENUIT MAGNIS TAMEN EXCIDIT AUSIS.' 

Nam pater obductos, luctu miserabilis aegro, 640 

condiderat vultus : et si modo credimus, unum 
isse diem sine sole ferunt ; incendia lumen 
praebebant, aliquisque malo fuit usus in illo. 
At Clymene, postquam dixit quaecumque fuerunt 
in tantis dicenda malis, lugubris et aniens 645 

et laniata sinus totum percensuit orbem : 
exanimesque artus primo, mox ossa requirens, 
repperit ossa tamen peregrina condita ripa, 
incubuitque loco, nomenque in m arm ore lectum 
perfudit lacrimis et aperto pectore fovit. 650 

A SONLESS FATHER AND A SUNLESS WORLD 

Squalidus interea genitor Phaethontis et expers 
ipse sui decoris, qualis cum deficit orbem 
esse solet, lucemque odit seque ipse diemque, 
datque animum in luctus et luctibus adicit iram, 
officiumque negat mundo. ' Satis ' inquit ' ab aevi 655 

638. situs est: positus est, 490. — 639. excidit : frustratus est. — 645. lu- 
gubris : tristis. — 646. percensuit : perlustravit. — 648. peregrina : extera. 
— 651. squalidus: horridus, 296. 



48 



A TERM OF OVID 



son mca principiis fuit inrequieta, pigetque 
actorum sine fine mihi, sine honore laborum. 
Quilibet alter agat portantes lumina currusl 

Si nemo est, omnesque dei non posse fatentur, 

ipse agat; Ut saltern, dum nostra> temptat habenas, 660 
orbatura patres aliquando fulmina ponat. 
Turn sciet, ignipedum vires expertus equorum, 
non meruisse necem, qui non bene rexerit illos.' 

Talia dicentem circumstant omnia Solem 
numina, neve velit tenebras inducere rebus, 665 

supplice voce rogant; missos quoque Iuppiter ignes 
excusat, precibusque minas regaliter addit. 
Conligit amentes et adhuc terrore paventes 
Phoebus equos, stimuloque domans et verbere caedit; 
saevit enim natumque obiectat et imputat illis. 670 

656. principiis: initio. — 661. orbatura: quae privent 




jL'i'i 1 1 k itiuui .1 Cameo) 



V. ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE 

A DISAPPOINTED BRIDEGROOM 

Inde per immensum croceo velatus amictu 
aethera digreditur Ciconumque Hymenaeus ad oras 
tendit, et Orphea nequiquam voce vocatur. 
Adfuit ille quidem, sed nee sollemnia verba 
nee laetos vultus nee felix attulit omen. 67s 

Fax quoque quam tenuit lacrimoso stridula fumo 
usque fuit, nullosque invenit motibus ignes. 
Exitus auspicio gravior. Nam nupta per herbas 
dum nova Naiadum turba comitata vagatur, 
occidit in talum serpentis dente recepto. 680 

HIS VISIT TO HADES 

Quam satis ad superas postquam Rhodopeius auras 
deflevit vates, ne non temptaret et umbras, 
ad Styga Taenaria est ausus descendere porta, 
perque leves populos simulacraque functa sepulcro 
Persephonen adiit inamoenaque regna tenentem 685 

umbrarum dominum. Pulsisque ad carmina nervis 
sic ait: 'O positi sub terra numina mundi, 
in quern recidimus, quicquid mortale creamur, 
si licet et falsi positis ambagibus oris, 
vera loqui sinitis, non hue, ut opaca viderem 690 

Tartara, descendi, nee uti villosa colubris 

671. amictus, 171. — 672. Hymenaeus: Hymen, 262. — 673. nequi- 
quam, 145. — 682." vates: poeta. — 684. functa: potita, 10. — 

49 

TERM OF OV. 4 



50 \ II km OF OVID 

terna Medusae! vincirem guttura monstrL 

3a viae est coniunz, in quam calcata venenum 
vipera diffudit, crescentesque abstulit annos. 




The Guardian of the Under World 

Posse pati volui, ncc me temptasse negabo; 69s 

vicit Amor. Supera deus hie bene notus in ora est; 
an sit et hie, dubito. Sed et hie tamen auguror esse; 
famaque si veteris non est mentita rapinae, 
vos quoque iunxit Amor. Per ego haec loca plena timoris, 
per Chaos hoc ingens vastique silentia regni, 700 

Eurydices, oro, properata retexite fata. 
Omnia debentur vobis, paulumque morati 
serius au1 citius sedem properamus ad imam. 
Tendimus hue omnes, haec est domus ultima, vosque 
humani generis longissima regna tenetis. 70s 

Hare quoque, cum iustos matura peregerit annos, 
iuris erit vestri; pro munere poscimus usum. 
Quod si fata neganl veniam pro coniuge, certum est 
nolle redire mihi; leto gaudete duorum.' 

692. terna: t ria. —701. properata: intempest&ta. —706. peregerit: 
flnlverit.- 708. veniam: mfinu . 






ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE 51 



THROUGH THE CHARM OF HIS SONG EURYDICE IS RESTORED 

Talia dicentem nervosque ad verba moventem 710 

exsangues flebant animae, nee Tantalus undam 
captavit refugam, stupuitque Ixionis orbis, 
nee carpsere iecur volucres, urnisque vacarunt 
Belides, inque tuo sedisti, Sisyphe, saxo. 
Tunc primum lacrimis victarum carmine fama est 71s 

Eumenidum maduisse genas. Nee regia coniunx 
sustinet oranti, nee qui regit ima, negare, 
Eurydicenque vocant. Umbras erat ilia recentes 
inter, et incessit passu de vulnere tardo. 
Hanc simul et legem Rhodopeius accipit heros, 720 

ne flectat retro sua lumina, donee Avernas 
exierit valles; aut inrita dona futura. 

Carpitur acclivis per muta silentia trames 
arduus, obscurus, caligine densus opaca. 
Nee procul afuerunt telluris margine summae. 725 

Hie, ne deficeret, metuens avidusque videndi 
flexit amans oculos; et protinus ilia relapsa est. 
Bracchiaque intendens prendique et prendere certans 

ONLY TO BE LOST AGAIN 

nil nisi cedentes infelix adripit auras. 

Iamque iterum moriens non est de coniuge quicquam 730 
questa suo: quid enim nisi se quereretur amatam? 
Supremumque 'vale,' quod iam vix auribus ille 
acciperet, dixit revolutaque rursus eodem est. 

716. maduisse: cf. madidus, 539. — 722. inrita: vana. — 723. ac- 
clivis: cf. declivis, 547. — 732. vale, 146. 






\ I I.KM OF OVID 




Orpheus and Eurydice 

Non aliter stupuit gemina nece coniugis Orpheus, 

quam tria qui timidus, medio portante catenas, 73s 

colla canis vidit. Quern non pavor ante reliquit 

quam Datura prior, saxo per corpus oborto; 

quique in se crimerj traxit voluitque videri 

Olenos esse nocens; tuque, O confisa figurae 

infelix Lethaea tuae, iunctissima quondam 740 

pectora, nunc lapides, quos umida sustinel Ide. 

Orantem frustraque iterum transire volentem 

portitor arcuerat. Septem tamen illediebus 



734. nece: let 6, 70Q. — 739. nocens: 177. 



ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE 



53 



squalidus in ripa Cereris sine munere sedit; 

cura dolorque animi lacrimaeque alimenta fuere. 

Esse deos Erebi crudeles questus, in altam 

se recipit Rhodopen pulsumque aquilonibus Haemum. 



745 



AFTER THE POET'S CRUEL DEATH ORPHEUS AND 
EURYDICE ARE REUNITED 

Sed tandem in ventos anima exhalata recessit. 
Umbra subit terras, et quae loca viderat ante 
cuncta recognoscit; quaerensque per arva piorum 750 

invenit Eurydicen, cupidisque amplectitur ulnis. 
Hie modo coniunctis spatiantur passibus ambo, 
nunc praecedentem sequitur, nunc praevius anteit 
Eurydicenque suam iam tuto respicit Orpheus. 

745. alimenta: 99. — 751. ulnis: bracchiis, 581.-752. spatian- 
tur: ambulant. 




Death of Orpheus 



Till-: DEUNKBM SlLENU! IN A PROCESSION "I BACCHANT 

VI. THE TOUCH OF GOLD 

KING MIDAS DOES THE GOD A FAVOR 

Nec satis hoc Baccho est : ipsos quoque deserit agros, 755 
cumque choro meliore sui vineta Timoli 
Pactolonque petit — quamvis non aureus illo 
tempore nec caris erat invidiosus harenis. 
Hunc adsueta cohors satyri bacchaeque frequentant, 
at Silenus abest. Titubantem annisque meroque 760 

ruricolae cepere Phryges, vinctumque coronis 
ad regem duxere Midan, cui Thracius Orpheus 
orgia tradiderat cum Cecropio Eumolpo. 
Qui simul adgnovit socium comitemque sacrorum, 
hospitis adventu festum genialiter egit 765 

per bis quinque dies et iunctas ordine noctes. 
Et iam stellarum sublime coegerat agmen 
Lucifer undecimus, Lydos cum laetus in agros 
rex venit, et iuveni Silenum reddit alumno. 

A WONDERFUL GIFT 

Huic deus optandi gratum, sed inutile, fecit 770 

muneria arbitrium, gaudens altore recepto. 

111c, male usurus donis, ;iit * Effice, quicquid 

corpore contigero, fulvura vertatur in aurum.' 

756. choro: agmine, 704. — 758. caris: pretiSsis. — 760. titubantem? 
labantem, 511. — 761. coronis: BertTs, 376. 

54 






THE TOUCH OF GOLD 55 

Adnuit optatis, nocituraque munera solvit 

Liber, et indoluit, quod non meliora petisset 775 

Laetus abit gaudetque malo Berecyntius heros : 

pollicitique fidem tangendo singula temptat 

Vixque sibi credens, non alta fronde virentem 

ilice detraxit virgam : virga aurea facta est ; 

tollit humo saxum : saxum quoque palluit auro ; 780 

contigit et glebam : contactu gleba potenti 

massa fit ; arentes Cereris decerpsit aristas : 

aurea messis erat ; demptum tenet arbore pomum : 

Hesperidas donasse putes. Si postibus altis 

admovit digitos, postes radiare videntur. 785 

Ille etiam liquidis palmas ubi laverat undis, 

unda fluens palmis Danaen eludere posset. 

Vix spes ipse suas animo capit, aurea fingens 

omnia. Gaudenti raensas posuere ministri 

exstructas dapibus, nee tostae frugis egentes : 790 

turn vero, sive ille sua Cerealia dextra 

munera contigerat, Cerealia dona rigebant; 

sive dapes avido convellere dente parabat, 

lamina fulva dapes, admoto dente, premebat. 

Miscuerat puris auctorem muneris undis : 795 

fusile per rictus aurum fluitare videres. 

MIDAS REPENTS HIS CHOICE, AND THE GILDED CURSE IS 
REMOVED 

Attonitus novitate mali, divesque miserque, 
effugere optat opes, et quae modo voverat, odit. 

782. decerpsit: detraxit, 779. — 783. demptum: decerptum, 782. — ■ 
786. palmas: manus, 215. — 789. posuere: apposuere. — 790. exstructas: 
congestas. — 796. fusile : liquefactum. 



56 a i ERM I 'i I >vn> 

Copia nulla famern relevat : sins arida guttur 
urit, ct inviso meritua torquetur ab auro. 800 

Ail caehimque manus a splendida bracchia tollens, 
'Da veniam, Lenaee pater I peccavimus;' inquit, 

'sed miserere, precor, speciosoque eripe damno.' 
Mite deum numen Bacchus peccasse fatentem 
restituit, factique fide data munera solvit. 805 

' Neve male optato maneas circumlitus auro, 
vade ' ait 'ad magnis vicinum Sardibus amnem, 
perque iugum montis labentibus obvius undis 
carpe viam, donee venias ad fluminis ortus ; 
spumigeroque tuum fonti, qua plurimus exit, 810 

subde caput, corpusque simul, simul elue crimen.' 
Rex iussae succedit aquae. Vis aurea tinxit 
flumen, et humano de corpore cessit in amnem. 

THE LYRE VERSUS THE PIPES 

Ille, perosus opes, silvas et rura colebat, 
Panaque montanis habitantem semper in antris. 815 

Pingue sed ingenium mansit ; nocituraque, ut ante, 
rursus erant domino stolidae praecordia mentis. 
Nam freta prospiciens late riget arduus alto 
Tmolus in ascensu, clivoque extensus utroque 
Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis. 820 

Pan ibi dum teneris iactat sua carmina nymphis 
et leve cerata modulatur harundine carmen, 
ausus Apollineos prae se contemnere cantus, 
iudice sub Tmolo certamen venit ad impar. 
Monte buo senior iudex consedit, et aures 82s 

7gq. guttur: faucSs, 593. — 802. da veniam : ignSsce, 21. — 814. colebat: 
fr< <|U"i)tabat, 759. — 816. pingue : rtolidum. — 819. clivo : colic. 



THE TOUCH OF GOLD 

liberat arboribus : quercu coma caerula tantum 
cingitur, et pendent circum cava tempora glandes. 
Isque deum pecoris spectans, ' In iudice ' dixit 
' nulla mora est.' Calamis agrestibus insonat ille : 
barbaricoque Midan — aderat nam forte canenti — 
carmine delenit. Post nunc sacer ora retorsit 
Tmolus ad os Phoebi ; vultum sua silva secuta est. 



57 




Apollo with Lyre 

Ille, caput flavum lauro Parnaside vinctus, 
verrit humum Tyrio saturata murice palla; 
instrictamque fidem gemmis et dentibus Indis 
sustinet a laeva, tenuit manus altera plectrum : 

831. retorsit: convertit. 



830 



835 



A 1 1 l;M I >l < »YII> 

artifiris status ipse fait Turn stamina docto 

pollice sollicit.it, quorum dulcedine ca] 

Tana iubet Tmolus citharae submittere carinas. 

THE KING AGAIN MAKES A BAD CHOICE AND RECEIVES A 
STRANGE PUNISHMENT 

Indicium sanctique placet sententia montis 840 

omnibus. Arguitur tamen atque iniusta vocatur 
unius sermone iviidae. Nee Delius aures 
humanam stolidas patitur retinere figuram ; 
sed trahit in spatium, villisque albentibus implet, 
instabilesque imas facit et dat posse moveri. 845 

Cetera sunt hominis : partem damnatur in unam, 
induiturque aures lente gradientis aselli. 
Ille quidem celare cupit, turpique pudore 
tempora purpureis temptat velare tiaris ; 
sed solitus longos ferro resecare capillos 850 

viderat hoc famulus. Qui cum nee prodere visum 
dedecus auderet, cupiens efferre sub auras, 
nee posset reticere tamen, secedit humumque 
effodit, et domini quales adspexerit aures 
voce refert parva terraeque immurmurat haustae ; 855 
indiciumque suae vocis tellure regesta 
obruit, et scrobibus tacitus discedit opertis. 
Crelu-r harundinibus tremulis ibi surgere lucus 
coepit, et, ut primum pleno maturuit anno, 
prodidit agricolam : leni nam motus ab austro 860 

obruta verba refert, dominiquc coarguit aures. 

845. imas: ab Infers* parte — 846. damnatur: punitor. — 847. aselli: 
asini. — 857. obruit: t<^it, 351. scrobibus : folds, — 859. pleno: od&ctS. — 
861. coarguit: culpat, 22. 




An Ancient Spread 



VII. PHILEMON AND BAUCIS 

THE AGED COUPLE'S HOME 

Tiliae contermina quercus 
collibus est Phrygiis, modico circumdata muro. 
Haud procul hinc stagnum est, tellus habitabilis olim, 
nunc celebres mergis fulicisque palustribus undae. 865 
Iuppiter hue specie mortali, cumque parente 
venit Atlantiades positis caducifer alis. 
Mille domos adiere, locum requiemque petentes : 
mille domos clausere serae. Tamen una recepit, 
parva quidem, stipulis et canna tecta palustri : $70 

sed pia Baucis anus parilique aetate Philemon 
ilia sunt annis iuncti iuvenalibus, ilia 
consenuere casa ; paupertatemque fatendo 
effecere levem nee iniqua mente ferendo. 
Nee refert, dominos illic famulosne requiras : 875 

tota domus duo sunt, idem parentque iubentque. 



863. modico: parvo, 820. — 873. paupertatem : inopiam. — 875. refert: 

interest. 

59 



60 A TERM OF OVID 

THEIR GENEROUS RECEPTION OF THE STRANGERS 

Licolae parvos tetigere penates, 
Bubmissoque humiles intrarunt vertice postes, 
membra benex posito iussit relevare sedili, 
quo superiniecit textum rude sedula Baucis \ 880 

inde foco tepidum cinerem dimovit, et ignes 
suscitat hesternos foliisque et cortice sicco 
nutrit et ad flammas anima producit anili, 
multifidasque faces ramaliaque arida tecto 
detulit et minuit, parvoque admovit aeno. 885 

Quodque suus coniunx riguo conlegerat horto, 
truncat holus foliis. Furca levat ille bicorni 
sordida terga suis nigro pendentia tigno ; 
servatoque diu resecat de tergore partem 
exiguam, sectamque domat ferventibus undis. 890 

Interea medias fallunt sermonibus horas, 
concutiuntque torum de molli fluminis ulva 
impositum lecto, sponda pedibusque salignis. 
Vestibus hunc velant, quas non nisi tempore festo 
sternere consuerant ; sed et haec vilisque vetusque 895 
vestis erat, lecto non indignanda saligno. 

THE DINNER 

Accubuere dei. Mensara succincta trcmensque 
ponit anus: mensae sed erat pes tertius impar : 
testa parem fecit. Quae postquam subdita clivum 
sustulit, aequatam mentae tersere virentes. 900 

Pbnitur hie bicolor sincerae baca Minervae, 

877. penates: caaam, 873. — 883. anima: Bplritu. — 899. subdita: 
suhiccta, 304. 



PHILEMON AND BAUCIS 6 'I 

conditaque in liquida corna autumnalia faece, 

intibaque et radix et lactis massa coacti, 

ovaque non acri leviter versata favilla, — 

omnia fictilibus. Post haec caelatus eodem 905 

sistitur argento crater fabricataque fago 

pocula, qua cava sunt, flaventibus inlita ceris. 

Parva mora est, epulasque foci misere calentes, 
nee longae rursus reteruntur vina senectae 
dantque locum mensis paulum seducta secundis. 910 

Hie nux, hie mixta est rugosis carica palmis 
prunaque, et in patulis redolentia mala canistris 
et de purpureis conlectae vitibus uvae. 
Candidus in medio favus est. Super omnia vultus 
accessere boni nee iners pauperque voluntas. 915 

THE GODS REVEALED. A TRANSFORMATION SCENE 

Interea totiens haustum cratera repleri 
sponte sua, per seque vident succrescere vina. 
Attoniti novitate pavent, manibusque supinis 
concipiunt Baucisque preces timidusque Philemon, 
et veniam dapibus nullisque paratibus orant. 920 

Unicus anser erat, minimae custodia villae, 
quem dis hospitibus domini mactare parabant. 
Ille celer penna tardos aetate fatigat, 
eluditque diu, tandemque est visus ad ipsos 
confugisse deos. Superi vetuere necari : 925 

' Di ' que ' sumus, meritasque luet vicinia poenas 
impia,' dixerunt ; 'vobis immunibus huius 

906. sistitur : pSnitur, 789. f abricata : facta, 347. — 908. misere : de- 
dere, 654. — 915. accessere: sunt additi, 667. — 920. nullis : exiguis, 890. 
— 926. luet: dabit. 



62 A TERM • »1 I »vil> 

esse mali dabitur: modo vestra relinquite t 

Militate giadua et in ardua montis 
ite simul.' Parent ambo, baculisque levari 930 

nituntur longO vestigia punerc clivo. 

Tantum abeiant summo, quantum semel ire sagitta 

missa potest: flexere oculos et mersa palude 

cetera prospiciunt, tantum sua tecta manere. 

Dumque ea mirantur, dum deflent fata suorum, 935 

ilia vetus, dominis etiam casa parva duobus 

vertitur in templum : furcas subiere colli mnae ; 

straminr. flavescunt aurataque tecta videntur, 

caelataeque fores, adopertaque marmore tellus. 

A PIOUS WISH FULFILLED 

Talia turn placido Saturnius edidit ore : 94 o 

■ Dicite, iuste senex et femina coniuge iusto 
digna, quid optetis.' Cum Baucide pauca locutus. 
iudicium superis aperit commune Philemon : 
1 Esse sacerdotes delubraque vestra tueri 
poscimus ; et quoniam Concordes egimus annos, 945 

auferat hora duos eadem, nee coniugis umquam 
busta meae videam, neu sim tumulandus ab ilia.' 

Vota fides sequitur : templi tutela mere, 
donee vita data est. Annis aevoque soluti 
ante gradus sacros cum starent forte locique 950 

narrarent casus, frondere Philemona Baucis, 
Baucida conspexit senior frondere Philemon, 
[amque super geminos crescente cacumine vultus 

929. comitate: lequiminl, 072. — 934. tantum: solum. — 944. tueri: 
ire. 



PHILEMON AND BAUCIS 63 

mutua, dum licuit, reddebant dicta, 'Vale' que 

'O coniunx' dixere simul, simul abdita texit 955 

ora frutex. Ostendit adhuc Thineius illic 

incola de gemino vicinos corpore truncos. 

Haec mihi non vani, neque erat cur fallere vellent, 

narravere senes : equidem pendentia vidi 

serta super ramos, ponensque recentia dixi, 960 

'Cura pii dis sunt, et qui coluere, coluntur.' 

960. recentia: nova. 




Mercury. 




The Desi ri i noN oj i he i Children oj Nj 

VIII. THE IMPIETY AND PUNISHMENT OF 

NIOBE 

NIOBE'S PRIDE 

Ecce venit comitum Niobe celeberrima turba, 
vestibus intexto Phrygiis spectabilis auro 
et, quantum ira sinit, formosa, movensque decoro 
cum capite immissos umerum per utrumque capillos. 965 
Constitit : utque oculos circumtulit alta superbos, 
' Quis furor, auditos ' inquit ' praeponere visis 
caelestes? aut cur colitur Latona per aras, 
numen adhuc sine ture meum est? Mihi Tantalus auctor, 
cui licuit soli superorum tangere mensas. 970 

Ple'iadum soror est genetrix mea ; maximus Atlas 
est avus, aetherium qui fert cervicibus axera ; 
Iuppiter alter avus; socero quoque glorior illo. 
Me gentes metuunt Phrygiae, me regia Cadmi 
sub domina est, fidibusque mei commissa mariti 975 

moenia cum populis a meque viroque reguntur. 
In quamcumque domus adverti lumina partem, 
immensae spectantur opes. Accedit eodem 

970. tangere: accedere, 389. — 975. commissa: cSnstriicta. 

64 



THE IMPIETY AND PUNISHMENT OF NIOBE 6$ 

digna dea facies. Hue natas adice septem 

et totidem iuvenes, et mox generosque nurusque. 980 

Quaerite nunc, habeat quam nostra superbia causam ! 

Sum felix : quis enim neget hoc ? felixque manebo : 

hoc quoque quis dubitet? Tutam me copia fecit 

Maior sum, quam cui possit Fortuna nocere ; 

multaque ut eripiat, multo mihi plura relinquet. 985 

Excessere metum mea iam bona. Fingite demi 

huic aliquid populo natorum posse meorum : 

non tamen ad numerum redigar spoliata duorum, 

Latonae turbam : qua quantum distat ab orba ? 

Ite, satisque superque sacri, laurumque capillis 990 

ponite.' Deponunt, infectaque sacra relinquunt, 

quodque licet, tacito venerantur murmure numen. 

LATONA'S RIGHTEOUS INDIGNATION 

Indignata dea est ; summoque in vertice Cynthi 

talibus est dictis gemina cum prole locuta : 

1 En ego vestra parens, vobis animosa creatis, 995 

et, nisi Iunoni, nulli cessura dearum, 

an dea sim, dubitor ; perque omnia saecula cultis 

arceor, O nati, nisi vos succurritis, aris. 

Nee dolor hie solus : diro convicia facto 

Tantalis adiecit, vosque est postponere natis 1000 

ausa suis, et me, quod in ipsam recidat, orbam 

dixit, et exhibuit linguam scelerata paternam.' 

Adiectura preces erat his Latona relatis : 

' Desine ! ' Phoebus ait ; ' poenae mora longa querella est.' 

Dixit idem Phoebe ; celerique per aera lapsu 1005 

979. adice: adde, 667. — 983. copia: numerus. — 986. demi: subtrahl. 
-991. ponite: avellite. — 1001. orbam: destitutam. 



66 A TERM OF OVID 

contigerant tccti Cadmetda nubibua arcem. 
Planus erat lateque patens prope moenia campus, 
adsiduis pulsatus equis, ubi turba rotarum 
duraque mollierat subiectas ungula glebas. 

HER REVENGE. THE DEATH OF ISMENOS AND SIPYLUS 

Pars ibi dc septem genitis Amphione fortes ioio 

conscendunt in equos, Tyrioque rubentia suco 
terga premunt, auroque graves moderantur habenas 
E quibus Ismenos, qui matri sarcina quondam 
prima suae fuerat, dum certum flectit in orbem 
quadrupedis cursus, spumantiaque ora coercet, 1015 

1 Ei mihi ! ' conclamat, medioque in pectore fixa 
tela gerit, frenisque manu moriente remissis, 
in latus a dextro paulatim defluit armo. 

Proximus, audito sonitu per inane pharetrae, 
frena dabat Sipylus : veluti cum praescius imbris 1020 
nube fugit visa, pendentiaque undique rector 
carbasa deducit, ne qua levis effluat aura, 
Frena dabat : dantem non evitabile telum 
consequitur, summaque tremens cervice sagitta 
haesit, et exstabat nudum de gutture ferrum. 1025 

Ille, ut erat, pronus per crura admissa iubasque 
volvitur, et calido tellurem sanguine foedat. 

PHAEDIMUS AND TANTALUS SLAIN TOGETHER; THEN ALPHENOR 

Phaedimus infelix et aviti nominis heres 
Tantalus, ut solito finem imposuere labori, 

1016. fixa: traiicia, 255 — 1018. defluit: decidit. — 1019. inane: Ura, 
506. — 1020. dabat: relaxSbat — 1022.. carbasa: vela. — 1027. foedat- 
inficit, 37. 



THE IMPIETY AND PUNISHMENT OF NIOBE 67 

transierant ad opus nitidae iuvenile palaestrae : 1030 

et iam contulerant arto luctantia nexu 

pectora pectoribus, cum tento concita nervo, 

sicut erant iuncti, traiecit utrumque sagitta. 

Ingemuere simul, simul incurvata dolore 

membra solo posuere ; simul suprema iacentes 1035 

lumina versarunt; animam simul exhalarunt. 

Adspicit Alphenor, laniataque pectora plangens 

advolat, ut gelidos complexibus adlevet artus, 

inque pio cadit officio; nam Delius illi 

intima fatifero rupit praecordia ferro. 1040 

Quod simul eductum, pars est pulmonis in hamis 

eruta, cumque anima cruor est effusus in auras. 

THE LAST TWO BROTHERS SLAIN 

At non intonsum simplex Damasichthona vulnus 
adficit. Ictus erat, qua cms esse incipit, et qua 
mollia nervosus facit internodia poples. 1045 

Dumque manu temptat trahere exitiabile telum, 
altera per iugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est. 
Expulit hanc sanguis, seque eiaculatus in altum 
emicat, et longe terebrata prosilit aura. 

Ultimus Ilioneus non profectura precando 1050 

bracchia sustulerat, 'Di'que 'O communiter omnes/ 
dixerat, ignarus non omnes esse rogandos, 
' Parcite ! ' Motus erat, cum iam revocabile telum 
non fuit, Arcitenens ; minimo tamen occidit ille 
vulnere, non alte percusso corde sagitta. 1055 

1032. tento: adducto, 237. — 1036. versarunt: retorserunt, 831. — 
1046. exitiabile: fatale. — 1053. parcite: ignoscite, 21. 



68 A TERM 01 OVID 

NIOBE'S PRIDE SURVIVES HER GRIEF 

Fama mali popolique dolor lacrimaeque soorum 
tam subitae matrem certain fecere ruinae 
mirantem potuisse, irascentemque quod ausi 
hoc essent superi, quod tantum iuris haberent 
Nam pater Amphion ferro per pectus adacto 1060 

finierat moriens pariter cum luce dolorem. 
Heu quantum haec Niobe Niobe distabat ab ilia, 
quae modo Latois populum submoverat aris 
et mediam tulerat gressus resupina per urbem, 
invidiosa suis, at nunc miseranda vel hosti ! 1065 

Corporibus gelidis incumbit, et ordine nullo 
oscula dispensat natos suprema per omnes. 
A quibus ad caelum liventia bracchia tollens 
' Pascere, crudelis, nostro, Latona, dolore ; 
pascere ' ait, ' satiaque meo tua pectora luctu : 1070 

corque ferum satia ! ' dixit ; ' per funera septem 
efferor : exsulta, victrixque inimica triumpha. 
Cur autem victrix? miserae mihi plura supersunt, 
quam tibi felici. Post tot quoque funera vinco.' 

HER PUNISHMENT COMPLETE. THE FATE OF HER SEVEN 
DAUGHTERS. HER OWN LOT 

Dixerat, et sonuit contento nervus ab arc u : 1075 

qui praeter Nioben unam conterruit omnes. 
Ilia malo est audax. Stabant cum vestibus atris 
ante toros fratnnn demisso criiu- sororesj 
e quibus una trahens baerentia viscere tela 

1063. submoverat: arcuerat, 729. — 1064. resupina: superba, 966. — 
1075. contento: tentS, 1032. 



THE IMPIETY AND PUNISHMENT OF NIOBE 

imposito fratri moribunda relanguit ore ; 
altera solari miseram conata parentem 
conticuit subito, duplicataque vulnere caeco est: 
haec frustra fugiens conlabitur : ilia sorori 
immoritur ; latet haec ; illam trepidare videres. 




6 9 

1080 



NlOBE 

Sexque datis leto diversaque vulnera passis, 
ultima restabat ; quam toto corpore mater, 
tota veste tegens, ' Unam minimamque relinque ! 
De multis minimam posco ' clamavit ' et unam.' 
Dumque rogat, pro qua rogat, occidit. Orba resedit 
exanimes inter natos natasque virumque, 



1085 



1090 



1080. relanguit: defecit. — 1082. duplicata: incurvata, 1034. 



A 11. KM 01 OVID 



deriguitque malis. Nullos movet aura capillos ; 

in vultu color est sine sanguine ; lumina maestis 
stant immota genis : nihil e>t in imagine vivum. 
Ipsa quoque interius cum duro lingua palato 
congelat, et venae desistunt posse moveri ; 
nee flecti cervix nee bracchia reddere motus 
nee pes ire potest : intra quoque viscera saxum est. 
Flet tamen, et validi circumdata turbine venti 
in patriam rapta est. Ibi fixa cacumine montis 
liquitur, et lacrimas etiam nunc marmora manant. 



1095 



1091. deriguit: indurata est, 730. 




Diana 



Al'ULLO 



IX. THE FLOOD 

THE WORLD DOOMED. THE SUMMONING OF THE WATERS 

Poena placet diversa, genus mortale sub undis 
perdere et ex omni nimbos demittere caelo. 
Protinus Aeoliis Aquilonem claudit in antris 
et quaecumque fugant inductas flamina nubes, 
emittitque Notum. Madidis Notus evolat alis, 1105 

terribilem picea tectus caligine vultum : 
barba gravis nimbis, canis fluit unda capillis, 
fronte sedent nebulae, rorant pennaeque sinusque. 
Utque manu late pendentia nubila pressit, 
fit fragor, inclusi funduntur ab ae there nimbi. mo 

Nuntia Iunonis varios induta colores 
concipit Iris aquas, alimentaque nubibus adfert. 
Sternuntur segetes et deplorata coloni 
vota iacent, longique perit labor inritus anni. 
Nee caelo contenta suo est Iovis ira, sed ilium 1115 

caeruleus frater iuvat auxiliaribus undis. 
Convocat hie amnes; qui postquam tecta tyranni 
intravere sui, ' Non est hortamine longo 
nunc ' ait ' utendum ; vires effundite vestras, 
sic opus est; aperite domos, ac mole remota 1120 

fluminibus vestris totas immittite habenas. ' 

1105. madidis: umidis, 491. — 1118. hortamine: hortati5ne, hortand5. 

7i 



72 A TERM OF OVID 

THE DELUGE 

Iusserat ; hi redeunt, ac fontibus ora relaxant, 
et defrenato volvuntur in aequora cursu. 
Ipse tridente suo terrain percussit ; at ilia 
intremuit motuque vias patefecit aquarum. naj 

Exspatiata ruunt per apertos llumina campos, 
cumque satis arbusta simul pecudesque virosque 
tectaque, cumque suis rapiunt penetralia sacris. 
Siqua domus mansit potuitque resistere tanto 
indeiecta malo, culmen tamen altior huius 1130 

unda tegit, pressaeque latent sub gurgite turres. 
Iamque mare et tellus nullum discrimen habebant : 
omnia pontus erant; deerant quoque litora ponto. 
Occupat hie collem ; cymba sedet alter adunca 
et ducit remos illic ubi nuper ararat ; 1 135 

ille super segetes aut mersae culmina villae 
navigat ; hie summa piscem deprendit in ulmo ; 
figitur in viridi, si fors tulit, ancora prato, 
aut subiecta terunt curvae vineta carinae. 
Et, modo qua graciles gramen carpsere capellae, 1140 
nunc ibi deformes ponunt sua corpora phocae. 
Mirantur sub aqua lucos urbesque domosque 
Nereides ; silvasque tenent delphines, et altis 
incursant ramis, agitataque robora pulsant. 
Nat lupus Inter oves, fulvos vehit inula leones, 1145 

unda vehit tigres ; nee vires fulminis apro, 
crura nee ablatO prosunt velocia cervo. 

1128. rapiunt: auferunt, 423. — 1130. culmen: fastfgia,35l.— 1x31. pres- 
sae : rabmenae.' 1135. ducit: movet, 506, 1139- terunt: vudum, 95. - 
T147. crura: pedes. 



THE FLOOD 73 

Quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur, 

in mare lassatis volucris vaga decidit alis. 

Obruerat tumulos immensa licentia ponti, 1150 

pulsabantque novi montana cacumina fluctus. 

Maxima pars unda rapitur : quibus unda pepercit, 

illos longa domant inopi ieiunia victu. 

DEUCALION AND PYRRHA SURVIVE 

Separat Aonios Oetaeis Phocis ab arvis, 
terra ferax, dum terra fuit : sed tempore in illo 1155 

pars maris et latus subitarum campus aquarum. 
Mons ibi verticibus petit arduus astra duobus, 
nomine Parnasus, superantque cacumina nubes. 
Hie ubi Deucalion (nam cetera texerat aequor), 
cum consorte tori parva rate vectus adhaesit, u6( 

Corycidas nymphas et numina montis adorant, 
fatidicamque Themin, quae tunc oracla tenebat. 
Non illo melior quisquam nee amantior aequi 
vir fuit, aut ilia metuentior ulla deorum. 

THE WATERS SUBSIDE 

Iuppiter ut liquidis stagnare paludibus orbem, 1165 

et superesse virum de tot modo milibus unum, 
et superesse videt de tot modo milibus unam, 
innocuos ambos, cultores numinis ambos, 
nubila disiecit, nimbisque aquilone remotis 
et caelo terras ostendit et aethera terris. 1170 

1148. detur: liceat, 401. — 1149. lassatis: defessis. — 1155. ferax: 
fertilis. — 1160. consorte tori: ux5re. — 1165. orbem: mundum, 655. — 
1170. ostendit: patefecit, 1125. 



74 A TERM OF < >vm 

Nee maris ira manet. positoque tricuspide telo 
mulcet aquas rector pelagi, supraque profundum 
ezstantem atque umeros innato murice tectum 

caeruleum Tritona vocat, conchaeque sonanti 

inspirare iubet, fluctusque et flumina signo 1175 

iam revocare dato. 

Omnibus audita est telluris et aequoris undis, 
et quibus est undis audita, coercuit omnes. 
Flumina subsidunt, collesque exire videntur : 
iam mare litus habet ; plenos capit alveus amnes ; 1180 

surgit humus ; crescunt loca decrescentibus undis ; 
postque diem longam nudata cacumina silvae 
ostendunt, limumque tenent in fronde relictum. 

THE TWO SURVIVORS CONSULT 

Redditus orbis erat : quern postquam vidit inanem 
et desolatas agere alta silentia terras, 1185 

Deucalion lacrimis ita Pyrrham adfatur obortis : 
1 soror, O coniunx, O femina sola superstes, 
terrarum, quascumque vident occasus et ortus, 
nos duo turba sumus : possedit cetera pontus. 
Haec quoque adhuc vitae non est fiducia nostrae 1190* 

certa satis ; terrent etiam nunc nubila mentem. 
Quis tibi, si sine me fatis erepta fuisses, 
nunc animus, miseranda, foret? (juo sola timorem 
ferre modo posses? quo consolante doleres? 
Namque ego, crede mihi, si te quoque pontus haberet, 1195 
fee Bequerer, coniunx, et me quoque pontus habcrct. 

n86. adfatur: adlu.juitur. — 1187. superstes: rellcta, rest&ns, 10S6. 



THE FLOOD 75 

O utinam possem populos reparare paternis 

artibus atque animas formatae infundere terrae ! 

Nunc genus in nobis restat mortale duobus ; 

sic visum est superis : hominumque exempla manemus.' 1200 

AN ORACLE WITH A HIDDEN MEANING 

Dixerat, et flebant ; placuit caeleste precari 
numen, et auxilium per sacras quaerere sortes. 
Nulla mora est ; adeunt pariter Cephisidas undas, 
ut nondum liquidas, sic iam vada nota secantes. 
Inde ubi libatos inroravere liquores 1205 

vestibus et capiti, flectunt vestigia sanctae 
ad delubra deae, quorum fastigia turpi 
pallebant musco stabantque sine ignibus arae= 
Ut templi tetigere gradus, procumbit uterque 
pronus humi, gelidoque pavens dedit oscula saxo. 1210 

Atque ita, ' Si precibus ' dixerunt ' numina iustis 
victa remollescunt, si flectitur ira deorum, 
die, Themi, qua generis damnum reparabile nostri 
arte sit, et mersis fer opem, mitissima, rebus.' 

Mota dea est sortemque dedit, 'Discedite templo, 1215 
et velate caput, cinctasque resolvite vestes, 
ossaque post tergum magnae iactate parentis.' 
Obstipuere diu, rumpitque silentia voce 
Pyrrha prior, iussisque deae parere recusat, 
detque sibi veniam, pavido rogat ore, pavetque 1220 

laedere iactatis maternas ossibus umbras. 

1 1 97. reparare: renovare. — 1198. infundere: immittere. — 11 99. re- 
stat: superest, 1166. — 1200. visum: placitum, 406. — 1204. vada: al- 
veum, 1 180. — 1205. inroravere: infudere. — 1216. resolvite: discingite. 
— 1221. laedere: violare. 



y6 A li.k.M OF OVID 

Interea repctunt caeris obscura latebris 

verba datae SCTtlS Becum, inter seque volutant. 

THE WORLD REPEOPLED 

fade Promethiades placidis Epimethida dictis 
mulcet et ' Aut fallax ' ait ' est sollertia nobis, 1225 

aut pia sunt nullumque nefas oracula suadent. 
Magna parens Terra est : lapides in corpore terrae 
ossa reor dici : iacere hos post terga iubemur.' 
Coniugis augurio quamquam Titania mota est, 
spes tamen in dubio est : adeo caelestibus ambo 1230 

diffidunt monitis : — sed quid temptare nocebit? 
Descendunt velantque caput tunicasque recingunt 
et iussos lapides sua post vestigia mittunt. 
Saxa — quis hoc credat, nisi sit pro teste vetustas? — 
ponere duritiem coepere suumque rigorem, 1235 

mollirique mora, mollitaque ducere formam. 
Mox ubi creverunt, naturaque mitior illis 
contigit, ut quaedam, sic non manifesta, videri 
forma potest hominis, sed uti de marmore coepto, 
non exacta satis rudibusque simillima signis. 1240 

Quae tamen ex illis aliquo pars umida suco 
et terrena fuit, versa est in corporis usum : 
quod solidum est flectique nequit, mutatur in ossa : 
quae modo vena fuit, sub eodem Domine mansitj 
inque brevi spatio superorum numine sa\a 1245 

inissa viri manibus faciem traxere virorum, 
et de femineo reparata est femina iactu. 

1222. repetunt : revolvunt. — 1228. reor: opinor. — 1232. recingunt: 
resolvnnt, 1216. — 1234. vetustas: antiquitas. — 1236. ducere: B&mere, — 
1238. contigit: data est 1246. traxere: induere, mi. 







Medusa 
X. PERSEUS AND ANDROMEDA 

PERSEUS BEARS THE GORGON'S HEAD THROUGH THE AIR 

Viperei referens spolium memorabile monstri 
aera carpebat tenerum stridentibus alis ; 
cumque super Libycas victor penderet harenas, 1250 

Gorgonei capitis guttae cecidere cruentae, 
quas hun:us exceptas varios animavit in angues : 
unde frequens ilia est infestaque terra colubris. 

Inde per immensum ventis discordibus actus 
nunc hue, nunc illuc, exemplo nubis aquosae ,255^ 

fertur, et ex alto seductas aethere longe 
despectat terras totumque supervolat orbem. 
Ter gelidas Arctos, ter Cancri bracchia vidit : 
saepe sub occasus, saepe est ablatus in ortus. 
Iamque cadente die veritus se credere nocti, 1260 

constitit Hesperio, regnis Atlantis, in orbe : 
exiguamque petit requiem, dum Lucifer ignes 
evocet Aurorae, currus Aurora diurnos. 

ATLAS GIVES HIM A COLD RECEPTION 

Hie hominum cunctos ingenti corpore praestans 
lapetionides Atlas fuit. Ultima tellus 1265 

1248. spolium: exuvias, 258. — 1260. credere: committere, 744. — 
1263. diurnos: die. 

77 



j% A TERM OF oviD 

rege sub hoc et pontus erat, qui Solis anhclis 
aequora subdit equis et fessos excipit . 

Mille grcgcs illi, totidemque armenta per herbas 
errabant ; et humum vicinia nulla premebant. 
Arboreae frondes auro radiante virentes 
ex auro ramos, ex auro poma tegebant. 



1270 




Perseus 



'Hospes,' ait Perseus illi, 'seu gloria tangit 

te generis magni, generis mihi Iuppiter auctor; 

sive es mirator rerum, mirabere nostras. 

rlospitium requiemque peto.' Memor ille vetustae 1275 

sortis erat; Tin-mis banc dederat l'arnasia sortem : 
1275. vetustae: antiquae. 



PERSEUS AND ANDROMEDA 79 

'Tempus, Atla, veniet, tua quo spoliabitur auro 

arbor, et hunc praedae titulum love natus habebit.' 

Id metuens solidis pomaria clauserat Atlas 

moenibus et vasto dederat servanda draconi, 1280 

arcebatque suis externos finibus omnes. 

Huic quoque, 'Vade procul, ne longe gloria rerum, 

quam mentiris,' ait ' longe tibi Iuppiter absit ; ' 

vimque minis addit manibusque expellere temptat 

cunctantem et placidis miscentem fortia dictis. 1285 

AND IS TURNED TO STONE 

Viribus inferior — quis enim par esset Atlanti 
viribus? — 'At quoniam parvi tibi gratia nostra est, 
accipe munus ! ' ait, laevaque a parte Medusae 
ipse retroversus squalentia prodidit ora. 
Quantus erat, mons factus Atlas : nam barba comaeque 1290 
in silvas abeunt, iuga sunt umerique manusque ; 
quod caput ante fait, sumrao est in monte cacumen; 
ossa lapis fiunt. Turn partes auctus in omnes 
crevit in immensum — sic di statuistis — et omne 
cum tot sideribus caelum requievit in illo. 1295 

THE HERO ESPIES ANDROMEDA 

Clauserat Hippotades aeterno carcere ventos, 
admonitorque operum caelo clarissimus alto 
Lucifer ortus erat. Pennis ligat ille resumptis 
parte ab utraque pedes, teloque accingitur unco, 
et liquidum motis talaribus aera findit. 1300 

Gentibus innumeris circumque infraque relictis, 

1281. externos: peregrinos, 648. — 1285. fortia: aspera. — 1289. squa- 
lentia: horrida, 296. 



80 A TERM 01 OVID 

Aethiopum populos, Cepheaque conspicit arva. 

Illic immeritam maternae pendere linguae 

AndromedaD poenad immitis iusserat Amnion. 

Quam simul ad duras religatara bracchia cautes 1305 

vidit Abantiades, — nisi quod levis aura capillos 

moverat, et tepido manabant lumina fletu, 

marmoreum ratus esset opus — trahit inscius ignes 

et stupet ; et visae correptus imagine formae 

paene suas quatere est oblitus in aere pennas. t3io 

Ut stetit, 'O' dixit l non istis digna catenis, 

sed quibus inter se cupidi iunguntur amantes, 

pande requirenti nomen terraeque tuumque, 

et cur vincla geras.' Primo silet ilia, nee audet 

appellare virum virgo ; manibusque modestos 1315 

celasset vultus, si non religata fuisset. 

Lumina, quod potuit, lacrimis implevit obortis. 

AN OFF-HAND OFFER OF MARRIAGE 

Saepius instanti, sua ne delicta fateri 
nolle videretur, nomen terraeque suumque, 
quantaque maternae fuerit fiducia formae, 1320 

indicat. Et nondum memoratis omnibus unda 
insonuit, veniensque immenso belua ponto 
imminet et latum sub pectore possidet aequor. 
Conclamat virgo ; genitor lugubris et una 
mater adest, ambo miscri, sed iustius ilia. 
Nee secum auxilium, sod dignos tempore fletus 

1305. cautes: ru].i es, l8l. — 1308. ratus: arbitratus. trahit: concipit, 
23. — 1313. pande: oarrS, 959.—- 13x7. lumina: ocuir.s. — 1322. immenso: 
alto, 574. — 1323. imminet: appfiret 



PERSEUS AND ANDROMEDA 8 1 

plangoremque ferunt, vinctoque in corpore adhaerent ; 
cum sic hospes ait : ' Lacrimarum longa manere 
tempora vos poterunt ; ad opem brevis hora ferendam est. 
Hanc ego si peterem Perseus love natus et ille 1330 

Gorgonis anguicomae Perseus superator, et alis 
aetherias ausus iactatis ire per auras, 
praeferrer cunctis certe gener. Addere tantis 
dotibus et meritum, faveant modo numina, tempto ; 
ut mea sit servata mea virtute, paciscor.' 1335 

Accipiunt legem — quis enim dubitaret? — et orant, 
promittuntque super regnum dotale parentes. 

THE DUEL BY THE SEA 

Ecce velut navis praefixo concita rostro 
sulcat aquas, iuvenum sudantibus acta lacertis, 
sic fera dimotis impulsu pectoris undis 1340 

tantum aberat scopulis, quantum Balearica torto 
funda potest plumbo medii transmittere caeli : 
cum subito iuvenis pedibus tellure repulsa 
arduus in nubes abiit. Ut in aequore summo 
umbra viri visa est, visam fera saevit in umbram. 1345 

Utque Iovis praepes, vacuo cum vidit in arvo 
praebentem Phoebo liventia terga draconem, 
occupat aversum, neu saeva retorqueat ora, 
squamigeris avidos figit cervicibus ungues: 
sic celer immisso praeceps per inane volatu -1350 

terga ferae pressit, dextroque frementis in armo 
Inachides ferrum curvo tenus abdidit hamo. 

1337. super: Insuper. dotale: in dotem, 87. — 1339. sulcat: findit, 
1300. — 1346. praepes : ales, 28. — 1348. retorqueat : reflectat. 
term of ov. — 6 . ._ 






82 A TERM OF oviD 

Vulnere laesa gravi, modo se sublimis in auras 

attollit, modo subdit aquis, modo more ferocia 

versat apri, quern turba canum circumsona terret. 1355 

Ille avidos morsus velocibus effugit alis : 

quaque patent, nunc terga cavis super obsita conchis, 

nunc laterum costas, nunc qua tenuissima cauda 

desinit in piscem, falcato verberat ense. 

Belua puniceo mixtos cum sanguine fluctus 1360 

ore vomit : maduere graves aspergine pennae. 

PERSEUS VICTORIOUS. THE ORIGIN OF CORAL 

Nec bibulis ultra Perseus talaribus ausus 
credere, conspexit scopulum, qui vertice summo 
stantibus exstat aquis, operitur ab aequore moto. 
Nixus eo rupisque tenens iuga prima sinistra 1365 

ter quater exegit repetita per ilia ferrum. 
Litora cum plausu clamor superasque deorum 
implevere domos. Gaudent, generumque salutant 
auxiliumque domus servatoremque fatentur 
Cassiope Cepheusque pater. Resoluta catenis 1370 

incedit virgo, pretiumque et causa laboris. 
Ipse manus hausta victrices abluit unda : 
anguiferumque caput dura ne laedat harena, 
mollit humum foliis, natasque sub aequore virgas 
sternit, et imponit Phorcynidos ora Medusae. 1375 

Virga recens bibulaque etiamnum viva medulla 
vim rapuit monstri, tactuque induruit huius, 

1354. subdit: nur^itur, 933. — 1357- obsita : tecta, 351. — 1359. desi- 
nit: terminator, falcato: unco, 1299. — 1360. puniceo: purpureo, 913. — 
1362. bibulis: madefactis, 193. — 1370. resoluta: Uberata. — 1372. hausta: 
sumpta. 



PERSEUS AND ANDROMEDA 83 

percepitque novum ramis et fronde rigorem. 

At pelagi nymphae factum mirabile temptant 

pluribus in virgis, et idem contingere gaudent, 1380 

seminaque ex illis iterant iactata per undas. 

Nunc quoque curaliis eadem natura remansit, 

duritiam tacto capiant ut ab aere, quodque 

vimen in aequore erat, flat super aequora saxum. 

TO THE VICTOR BELONG THE SPOILS. THE WEDDING FEAST 

Dis tribus ille focos totidem de caespite ponit, 1385 
laevum Mercurio, dextrum tibi, bellica virgo; 
ara Iovis media est : mactatur vacca Minervae, 
Alipedi vitulus, taurus tibi, summe deorum. 
Protinus Andromedan et tanti praemia facti 
indotata rapit. Taedas Hymenaeus Amorque 1390 

praecutiunt; largis satiantur odoribus ignes, 
sertaque dependent tectis, et ubique fyraeque 
tibiaque et cantus, animi felicia laeti 
argumenta, sonant. Reseratis aurea valvis 
atria tota patent, pulchroque instructa paratu 1395 

Cepheni proceres ineunt convivia regis. 

Postquam epulis functi generosi munere Bacchi 
difTudere animos, cultusque genusque locorum 
quaerit Lyncides moresque animumque virorum. 
Qui simul edocuit ' Nunc, O fortissime,' dixit 1400 

'Fare precor, Perseu, quanta virtute, quibusque 
artibus abstuleris crinita draconibus ora.' 

1380. contingere: evenire, accidere. — 1381. iterant: renovant. — 
1391. largis: multls. — 1394. argumenta: indicia, 856. reseratis: pa- 
tentibus, 142. 



84 A TERM OF OVID 

AN AFTER-DINNER SPEECH. THE TAKING OF MEDUSA 

Narrat Agenorides gelido sub Atlante iacentem 
esse locum solidae tutum munimine molis, 
cuius in introitu geminas babitasse sorores 1405 

PhorcidaSj unius partitas luminis usum : 
id se sollerti furtim, dum traditur, astu 
subposita cepisse manu ; perque abdita longe 
deviaque et silvis horrentia saxa fragosis 
Gorgoneas tetigisse domos ; passimque per agros 1410 

perque vias vidisse hominum simulacra ferarumque 
in silicem ex ipsis visa conversa Medusa : 
se tamen horrendae clipei, quod laeva gerebat, 
aere repercusso formam adspexisse Medusae ; 
dumque gravis somnus colubrasque ipsamque tenebat, 1415 
eripuisse caput collo ; pennisque fugacem 
Pegason et fratrem matris de sanguine natos. 
Addidit et longi non falsa pericula cursus : 
quae freta, quas terras sub se vidisset ab alto, 
et quae iactatis tetigisset sidera pennis. 1420 

Ante expectatum tacuit tamen. 

1407. sollerti: callidS, 743. astu: dol5. — 1409. fragosis: sonoris. — 
1410. tetigisse: subiisse, 731. — 1416. fugacem: celerem. 



XI. CADMUS 

CADMUS GOES IN SEARCH OF HIS SISTER 

Iamque deus posita fallacis imagine tauri 
se confessus erat Dictaeaque rura tenebat, 
cum pater ignarus Cadmo perquirere raptam 
imperat et poenam, si non invenerit, addit 1425 

exsilium, facto pius et sceleratus eodem. 
Orbe pererrato (quis enim deprendere possit 
furta Iovis?) profugus patriamque iramque parentis 
vitat Agenorides, Phoebique oracula supplex 
consulit et quae sit tellus habitanda requirit. 1430 

'Bos tibi/ Phoebus ait, 'solis occurret in arvis, 
nullum passa iugum curvique immunis aratri. 
Hac duce carpe vias et qua requieverit herba 
moenia fac condas Boeotiaque ilia vocato.' 

AN IMMEDIATE ANSWER 

Vix bene Castalio Cadmus descenderat antro, 143 s 

incustoditam lente videt ire iuvencam 
nullum servitii signum cervice gerentem. 
Subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu 
auctoremque viae Phoebum taciturnus adorat. 
lam vada Cephisi Panopesque evaserat arva; 1440 

bos stetit et tollens speciosam cornibus altis 
ad caelum frontem mugitibus impulit auras. 
Atque ita respiciens comites sua terga sequentes 

1428. furta: cf. furtim, 1407. — 1431. soils: desertis. — 1437- 
servitii: iugi. — 1441. speciosam: pulchram. 

85 



86 \ TERM OF OVID 

proculmit teneraque latus submisit in herba. 

Cadmus agit grates peregrinaegne oscula terrae 144s 

figit et ignotos montes agrosque sal u tat. 

A LUCKLESS SACRIFICE 

Sacra Iovi facturus erat; iubet ire ministros 
et petere e vivis libandas fontibus undas. 
Silva vetus stabat nulla violata securi 
et specus in medio virgis ac vimine densus, 1450 

efficiens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum, 
uberibus fecundus aquis, ubi conditus antro 
Martius anguis erat, cristis praesignis et auro. 
Igne micant oculi; corpus tumet omne veneno; 
tresque vibrant linguae; triplici stant ordine dentes. 1453 
Quern postquam Tyria lucum de gente profecti 
infausto tetigere gradu, demissaque in undas 
urna dedit sonitum, longo caput extulit antro 
caeruleus serpens, horrendaque sibila misit. 
Effluxere urnae manibus, sanguisque relinquit 1460 

corpus et attonitos subitus tremor occupat artus. 
Ille volubilibus squamosos nexibus orbes 
torquet, et immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus; 
ac media plus parte leves erectus in auras 
despicit omne nemus, tantoque est corpore quanto, 1465 
si totum spectes, geminas qui separat Arctos. 
Nee mora. Phoenicas, sive illi tela parabant 
sive fugam, sive ipse timor prohibebat utrumque, 
occupat; lios morsu, longis amplexibus illos, 
hos necat adllata funesti tabe veneni. 1470 

1450. specus: antrum. — 1458. longo: profundi). 



CADMUS 87 

CADMUS SEEKS HIS ATTENDANTS AND MEETS THE DRAGON 

Fecerat exiguas iam sol altissimus umbras; 
quae mora sit sociis miratur Agenore natus, 
vestigatque viros. Tegumen direpta leonis 
pel lis erat, telum splendenti lancea ferro 
et iaculum, teloque animus praestantior omni. 1475 

Ut nemus intravit letataque corpora vidit, 

victoremque supra spatiosi corporis hostem 

tristia sanguinea lambentem vulnera lingua, 

'Aut ultor vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis, 

aut comes,' inquit, 'ero.' Dixit, dextraque molarem 1480 

sustulit et magnum magno conamine misit. 

Illius impulsu cum turribus ardua celsis 

moenia mota forent; serpens sine vulnere mansit, 

loricaeque modo squamis defensus et atrae 

duritia pellis validos cute reppulit ictus. 1485 

THE CONFLICT 

At non duritia iaculum quoque vicit eadem, 
quod medio lentae spinae curvamine fixum 
constitit, et totum descendit in ilia ferrum. 
Ille dolore ferox caput in sua terga retorsit 
vulneraque adspexit fixumque hastile momordit, 1490 

idque ubi vi multa partem labefecit in omnem, 
vix tergo eripuit; ferrum tamen ossibus haesit. 
Turn vero postquam solitas accessit ad iras 
causa recens, plenis tumuerunt guttura venis, 
spumaque pestiferos circumfluit albida rictus, 149s 

terraque rasa sonat squamis, quique halitus exit 
ore niger Stygio vitiatas inncit auras. 

1473. tegumen: clipeum. 1481. conamine: impetu, 544. — 1495. 
rictus: 5ra. 



88 A 'l I. KM OF OVID 

Ipse modo immensum spiris facientibus orbem 
cingitur, interdum Longa trabe rectior cxstat; 
Impete nunc v&sto ceu concitus imbribus amnis 1500 

fertur, et obstantes proturbat pectore silvas. 

SUCCESS AT LAST 

Cedit Agenoridcs paulum, spolioque leonis 
sustinet incursus, instantiaque ora retardat 
cuspide praetenta. Furit ille et inania duro 
vulnera dat ferro, figitque in acumine dentes. 1505 

Iamque venenifero sanguis manare palato 
coeperat et virides aspergine tinxerat herbas; 
sed leve vulnus erat, quia se retrahebat ab ictu 
laesaque colla dabat retro plagamque sedere 
cedendo arcebat nee longius ire sinebat, 1510 

donee Agenorides coniectum in gutture ferrum 
usque sequens pressit, dum retro quercus eunti 
obstitit, et fixa est pariter cum robore cervix. 
Pondere serpentis curvata est arbor et ima 
parte flagellari gemuit sua robora caudae. 1515 

THE DRAGON'S TEETH 

Dum spatium victor victi considerat hostis, 
vox subito audita est. Neque erat cognoscere promptum 
unde, sed audita est: 'Quid, Agenore nate, peremptum 
serpentem spectas? Et tu spectabere serpens/ 
Ille diu pavidus pariter cum mente colorem 152c 

perdiderat, gelidoque comae terxore rigebant. 
Ecce viri fautrix superas delapsa per auras 
Pallas adest motaeque iubet supponere terrae 

1499. interdum: modo. longa: alta —1500. impete: impetQ. 



CADMUS 89 

vipereos dentes, populi incrementa futuri. 

Paret et ut presso sulcum patefecit aratro, 1525 

spargit humi iussos, mortalia semina, dentes. 

Inde, fide maius, glebae coepere moveri, 

primaque de sulcis acies apparuit hastae; 

tegmina mox capitum picto nutantia cono; 

mox umeri pectusque onerataque bracchia telis 1 530 

exsistunt, crescitque seges clipeata virorum. 

Sic ubi tolluntur festis aulaea theatris, 

surgere signa solent primumque ostendere vultus, 

cetera paulatim, placidoque educta tenore 

tota patent imoque pedes in margine ponunt. 1 53 s 

AN UNEXPECTED BATTLE 

Territus hoste novo Cadmus capere arma parabat. 
'Ne cape,' de populo quern terra creaverat unus 
exclamat, 'nee te civilibus insere bellis.' 
Atque ita terrigenis rigido de fratribus unum 
comminus enseferit; iaculo cadit eminus ipse. 1540 

Hie quoqu^ qui leto dederat non longius illo 
vivit, et exspirat modo quas acceperat auras. 
Exemploque pari f urit omnis turba, suoque 
Marte cadunt subiti per mutua vulnera fratres. 
Iamque brevis vitae spatium sortita iuventus 1545 

sanguineo tepidam plangebat pectore matrem, 
quinque superstitibus, quorum fuit unus Echion. 
Is sua iecit humo monitu Tritonidis arma 
fraternaeque fidem pacis petiitque deditque. 

1528. acies: ferrum, 151 1. — 1534. tenore: motu, 677. — 1537. 
ne cape: noli capere. — 1538. nee: neve. — 1541. longius: diutius. 
— 1544. Marte: proelio. 



go 



A TERM OF OVID 



Hos operis comitcs habuit Sidonius hospes, i S50 

cum posuit iussam Phoebeis sortibus urbem. 

lam stabant Thebae; poteras iam, Cadme, vidcri 
exsilio felix. Soceri tibi Marsque Venusque 
contigerant; hue adde genus de coniuge tanta, 
tot natos natasque et pignora cara nepotes, 1 5S5 

hos quoque iam iuvenes. Sed scilicet ultima semper 
exspectanda dies homini, dicique beatus 
ante obitum nemo supremaque funera debet. 

1551. Phoebeis: Phoebi. 




Ceres 



XII. THE FLIGHT OF DAEDALUS 

AN EARLY AVIATOR 

Daedalus interea Creten longumque perosus 
exsilium, tactusque loci natalis amore, 1560 

clausus erat pelago. 'Terras licet/ inquit, 'et undas 
obstruat, at caelum certe patet; ibimus iliac. 
Omnia possideat, non possidet aera Minos.' 
Dixit. Et ignotas animum dimittit in artes, 
naturamque novat. Nam ponit in ordine pennas, 1565 
a minima coeptas, longam breviore sequenti, 
ut clivo crevisse putes. Sic rustica quondam 
fistula disparibus paulatim surgit avenis. 
Turn lino medias et ceris adligat imas, 
atque ita compositas parvo curvamine flectit, 1570 

ut veras imitetur aves. Puer Icarus una 
stabat et, ignarus sua se tractare pericla, 
ore renidenti modo quas vaga moverat aura 
captabat plumas, flavam modo pollice ceram 
mollibat, lusuque suo mirabile patris 1575 

impediebat opus. Postquam manus ultima coepto 
imposita est, geminas opifex libravit in alas 
ipse suum corpus, motaque pependit in aura. 

ICARUS ALSO TAKES A FLIGHT 

Instruit et natum, 'Medio' que 'ut limite curras, 
Icare,' ait, 'moneo, ne, si demissior ibis, is 80 

unda gravet pennas; si celsior, ignis adurat. 
Inter utrumque vola. Nee te spectare Booten 
1578. mota: pulsa. — 1580. demissior: cf. Inferius, 485. 



p2 A TERM OF OVID 

aut Helicen iubeo strictumque Ononis cnsem. 

Me duce carpe viam.' Paritei praecepta volandi 

tradit et Ignotas umeris accommodat alas. 1585 

Inter opus monitusque genae maduere seniles 

et patriae tremuere manus. Dedit oscula nato 

non iterum repetenda suo. Pennisque levatus 

ante volat comitique timet, velut ales ab alto 

quae teneram prolem produxit in aer nido; 1590 

hortaturque sequi damnosasque erudit artes, 

et movet ipse suas et nati respicit alas. 

BUT DISOBEYS DIRECTIONS AND FALLS 

Hos aliquis tremula dum captat harundine pisces, 
aut pastor baculo stivave innixus arator 
vidit et obstipuit, quique aethera carpere possent 1595 
credidit esse deos. Et iam Iunonia laeva 
parte Samos (fuerant Delosque Parosque relictae), 
dextra Lebinthos erat fecundaque melle Calymne, 
cum puer audaci coepit gaudere volatu, 
deseruitque ducem caelique cupidine tractus 1600 

altius egit iter. Rapidi vicinia solis 
mollit odoratas, pennarum vincula, ceras. 
Tabuerant cerae; nudos quatit ille lacertos, 
remigioque carens non ullas percipit auras. 
Oraque caerulea patrium clamantia nomen 160s 

excipiuntur aqua, quae nomen traxit ab illo. 
At pater infelix, nee iam pater, 'Icare,' dixit, 
'Icare,' dixit, 'ubi es? qua te regione requiram?' 
'Icare,' dicebat, pennas adspexit in undis; 
devovitque suas artes, corpusque sepulcro 1610 

condidit. Et tellus a nomine dicta sepulti. 



XIII. CERES AND PROSERPINA 

{For sight reading) 

(In a musical contest with the nine daughters of the Macedonian king 
Pierus, the Muses sing of the wanderings of Ceres in search of her daughter.) 

Prima Ceres unco glebam dimovit aratro, 
prima dedit fruges alimentaque mitia terris, 
prima dedit leges; Cereris sunt omnia munus. 
Ilia canenda mihi est. Utinam modo dicere possem 1615 
carmina digna dea; certe dea carmine digna est. 

Vasta giganteis ingesta est insula membris 
Trinacris, et magnis subiectum molibus urguet 
aetherias ausum sperare Typhoea sedes. 
Nititur ille quidem pugnatque resurgere saepe; 1620 
dextra sed Ausonio manus est subiecta Peloro, 
laeva, Pachyne, tibi; Lilybaeo crura premuntur; 
degravat Aetna caput, sub qua resupinus harenas 
eiectat flammamque fero vomit ore Typhoeus. 
Saepe remoliri luctatur pondera terrae, 162s 

oppidaque et magnos devolvere corpore montes. 
Inde tremit tellus, et rex pavet ipse silentum, 

1617. giganteis membris: i. e. of Typhoeus, one of the giants who at- 
tempted to scale Olympus, ingesta: iniecta. insula Trinacris: Sicily. 
— 1618. urguet: premit. — 1619. Typhoea: ace, object of urguet. — 
1620. resurgere: cf. surgo, 1181. — 162 1. Ausonio Peloro, Pachyne, 
Lilybaeo: see map of Sicily. Ausonia was an old name for Southern 
Italy. — 1623. degravat: holds down (by its weight). — 1625. remoliri: 
to push of. luctatur, 103 1. — 1626. devolvere: to roll down — 1627. 
rex silentum (= mortuorum): Pluto. 

93 



94 a TERM OF OVID 

ne patent latoque solum retegatur hiatu, 
immissusque dies trepidantes terreat umbras. 

Hanc metuens cladem tenebrosa sede tyrannus 1630 
exierat, curruque atrorum rectus equorum 
ambibat Siculae cautus fundamina terrae. 
Postquam exploratum satis est loca nulla labare 
depositique metus, videt hunc Erycina vagantem 
monte suo residens; natumque amplexa volucrem 1635 
'Arma manusque meae, mea, nate, potential dixit, 
'ilia quibus superas omnes cape tela, Cupido, 
inque dei pectus celeres molire sagittas, 
cui triplicis cessit fortuna novissima regni. 
Tu superos ipsumque Iovem, tu numina ponti 1640 
victa domas, ipsumque regit qui numina ponti. 
Tartara quid cessant? Cur non matrisque tuumque 
imperium profers? Agitur pars tertia mundi. 
Et tamen in caelo (quae iam patientia nostra est) 
spernimur, ac mecum vires minuuntur Amoris 164s 

Pallada nonne vides iaculatricemque Dianam 
abscessisse mihi? Cereris quoque filia virgo, 
si patiemur, erit; nam spes adfectat easdem. 
At tu pro socio (siqua est ea gratia) regno, 

1628. retegatur: uncover, hiatu: Ore. — 1629. immissus: admissus. 
— 1630. tenebrosa: cf. tenebrae, 160. — 1632. ambibat: inspected. Si- 
culae: Sicilian, fundamina: foundations. — 1633. exploratum: proved. 
labare: cf. 511. — 1634. Erycina: a local name for Venus, who had a 
temple on Mt. Eryx. — 1638. molire: cf. 483. — 1639. triplicis: 1. e. the 
threefold division of the world among Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto. Cf. 
602 and note. — 1642. cessant: cf. 500. — 1643. profers: extend, agitur: 
is at stake. — 1644. quae: tanta. — 1645. spernimur: we are scorned. 
— 1646. Pallada: Pallas (Minerva), iaculatricem: huntress. — 1647. ab- 
scessisse (abscedo): deserted. — 1649. socio: :'. e. which we share. 



CERES AND PROSERPINA 95 

hinge deam patruo.' Dixit Venus; ille pharetram i6 S o 

solvit et arbitrio matris de mille sagittis 

unam seposuit, sed qua nee acutior ulla 

nee minus incerta est nee quae magis audiat arcus. 

Oppositoque genu curvavit flexile cornu 

inque cor hamata percussit harundine Ditem. i6 S5 

Haud procul Hennaeis lacus est a moenibus altae, 
nomine Pergus, aquae. Non illo plura Caystros 
carmina eyenorum labentibus audit in undis. 
Silva coronat aquas cingens latus omne, suisque 
frondibus ut velo Phoebeos submovet ignes. 1660 

Frigora dant rami, Tyrios humus umida flores : 
perpetuum ver est. Quo dum Proserpina luco 
ludit et aut violas aut Candida lilia carpit, 
dumque puellari studio calathosque sinumque 
implet et aequales certat superare legendo, 1665 

paene simul visa est dilectaque raptaque Diti; 
usque adeo est properatus amor. Dea territa maesto 
et matrem et comites, sed matrem saepius, ore 
clamat; et ut summa vestem laniarat ab ora, 
conlecti flores tunicis cecidere remissis. 1670 

Tantaque simplicitas puerilibus adfuit annis, 

1650. deam: Cereris filiam, 1647. patruo: uncle (father's brother). — 
1652. seposuit: set aside. — 1653. audiat: heed; subjunctive of charac- 
teristic. — 1654. flexile: pliant. — 1655. hamata: 252. Ditem: Plutonem. 
— 1656. Hennaeis: of Henna, a city of Sicily. — 1656. Caystros: a river 
of Asia Minor famous for its swans (eyenorum). — 1659. coronat: in- 
closes. — 1660. Phoebeos: Phoebi. — 1661. frigora: coolness. umida: 
moist. — 1663. ludit: sports, violas: violets. — 1664. studio: eagerness. 
calathos: baskets. — 1665. aequales: playmates, certat: strives. — 1666. 
dilecta: amata. Diti: dat. of agent. — 1667. usque adeo: to such a 
degree. — 1669. 6ra: edge. — 1671. simplicitas: simpleness. 



06 a ii.R.M OF OVID 

haec quoqiK- virgineum movit iactura dolorem. 
Raptor agit currus et nomine quemque vocatos 
exhortatur equos, quorum per colla Lubasque 

excutit obscura tinctas ferrugine habenas. i6 75 

Est medium Cyanes et Pisaeae Arcthusae 
quod coit angustis inclusum cornibus aequor. 
Hie fuit, a cuius stagnum quoque nomine dictum est, 
inter Sicelidas Cyane celeberrima nymphas. 
Gurgite quae medio summa tenus exstitit alvo, 1680 
adgnovitque deam; 'Nee longius ibitis,' inquit; 
'non potes invitae Cereris- gener esse; roganda, 
non rapienda fuit. Quod si componere magnis 
parva mihi fas est, et me dilexit Anapis; 
exorata tamen, nee, ut haec, exterrita nupsi.' i68 S 

Dixit, et in partes diversas bracchia tendens 
obstitit. Haud ultra tenuit Saturnius iram, 
terribilesque hortatus equos in gurgitis ima 
contortum valido sceptrum regale lacerto 
condidit. Icta viam tellus in Tartara fecit 1690 

et pronos currus medio cratere recepit. 

1672. iactura: loss. — 1673. raptor: abductor. — 1674. exhortatur: 
urges, iubas: 1026. — 1675. excutit: shakes out. ferrugine: rust color. — 
1676. Cyanes, Pisaeae Arethusae: a spring and fountain near Syracuse. 
The waters of Arethusa were said to flow underground from Elis (hence 
Pisaean) to Ortygia, where they reappeared on the surface. — 1677. 
angustis: narrow, aequor: the Great Harbor. — 1679. Sicelidas: 
Siculas, 1632. celeberrima: cf. 865, Q62. — 1680. exstitit: 575. alvo: 
waist. — 1681. adgnovit (adgndscG): recognised. — 1683. componere: com- 
pare. — 1684. Anapis: a river ill Sicily. — 1685. exorata: won by entreaty. 
exterrita: perterrita. 1688. hortatus: cf, exhortatur, 1074. -1689. 
contortnm (contorqued) : brandished, sceptrum regale: royal stajj. — 
1690. icta: 1044. 



CERES AND PROSERPINA 97 

At Cyane raptamque deam contemptaque fontis 
iura sui maerens, inconsolabile vulnus 
mente gerit tacita lacrimisque absumitur omnis; 
et quarum fuerat magnum modo numen, in illas 1695 
extenuatur aquas. Molliri membra videres, 
ossa pati nexus, ungues posuisse rigorem, 
primaque de tota tenuissima quaeque liquescunt, 
caerulei crines digitique et crura pedesque; 
nam brevis in gelidas membris exilibus undas 1700 

transitus est. Post haec umeri tergusque latusque 
pectoraque in tenues abeunt evanida rivos. 
Denique pro vivo vitiatas sanguine venas 
lympha subit, restatque nihil quod prendere possis. 

Interea pavidae nequiquam filia matri 1705 

omnibus est terris, omni quaesita profundo. 
Illam non udis veniens Aurora capillis 
cessantem vidit, non Hesperus. Ilia duabus 
flammiferas pinus manibus succendit ab Aetna 
perque pruinosas tulit inrequieta tenebras. 1710 

Rursus ubi alma dies hebetarat sidera, natam 
solis ab occasu solis quaerebat ad ortus. 

Quas dea per terras et quas erraverit undas, 
dicere longa mora est. Quaerenti defuit orbis. 

1693. inconsolabile: that cannot be healed. — 1696. extenuatur: pines 
away, videres: past potential, you might have seen. — 1697. flexus: bend- 
ing, softening, posuisse: deposuisse. — 1698. quaeque tenuissima: all 
the slightest parts, liquescunt: melt away. — 1700. exilibus: thin. — 
1702. evanida: vanishing away, rivos: brooks. — 1704. lympha: aqua. 
prendere: grasp. — 1705. matri: dat. of agent. — 1707. udis: iimidis. 
1661. — 1708. Hesperus: the evening star. — 1709. succendit: kindles. — 
1710. pruinosas: 149. — 1711. hebetarat: had dulled (by. its light), 



98 a tf.km of OVID 

Sicaniam rcpctit; dumque omnia lustrat eundo, 1715 
venit et ad Cyanen. Ea ni mutata fuisset, 

omnia narrasset; sed et os et lingua volenti 
dicere qod aderant, nee quo loqueretur habebat 
Signa tamen manifesta dedit, natamque parent! 
illo forte loco delapsam in gurgite sacro 
Persephones zonam summis ostendit in undis. 
Quam simul adgnovit, tamquam tunc denique raptam 
scisset, inornatos laniavit diva capillos, 
et repetita suis percussit pectora palmis. 
Nescit adhuc ubi sit ; terras tamen increpat omnes, 172s 
ingratasque vocat nee frugum munere dignas, 
Trinacriam ante alias, in qua vestigia damni 
repperit. Ergo illic saeva vertentia glaebas 
fregit aratra manu, parilique irata colonos 
ruricolasque boves leto dedit arvaque iussit 1730 

fallere depositum vitiataque semina fecit. 
Fertilitas terrae latum vulgata per orbem 
falsa iacet. Primis segetes moriuntur in herbis, 
et modo sol nimius, nimius modo corripit imber; 
sideraque ventique nocent, avidaeque volucres 1735 
semina iacta legunt. Lolium tribulique fatigant 
triticeas messes et inexpugnabile gramen. 

1715. Sicaniam? Sicily, lustrat: 261. — 1716. ni: nisi. — 1720. delap- 
sam: fallen. — 1721. Persephones: Greek name of Prosperina. — 1722. 
tamquam: as if. tunc denique: then for tin- first time. — 1723. diva: 
dca. — 1724. repetita: repeatedly (what literally?). — 1725. increpat: 
chides. 1727. Trinacriam: cf. 1618. — 1729. parili: cf. 871. — 1730. 
ruricolas: used as adj.; cf. 761.— -X73I. fallere depositum: betray their 
trust. 1732. vulgata: famed. -1736. lolium: darnel, lares. tribuli: 
thistles. 1737. triticeas: of wheat (trlticum.) 



CERES AND PROSERPINA 99 

Turn caput Eleis Alpheias extulit undis 

rorantesque comas a fronte removit ad aures 

atque ait, l O toto quaesitae virginis orbe 1740 

et frugum genetrix, immensos siste labores, 

neve tibi fidae violenta irascere terrae ! 

Terra nihil meruit, patuitque in vita rapinae. 

Nee sum pro patria supplex; hue hospita veni. 

Pisa mihi patria est, et ab Elide ducimus ortus; 174s 

Sicaniam peregrina colo. Sed gratior omni 

haec mihi terra solo est. Hos nunc Arethusa Penates, 

hanc habeo sedem; quam tu, mitissima, serva. 

Mota loco cur sim tantique per aequoris undas 

advehar Ortygiam, veniet narratibus hora 1750 

tempestiva meis, cum tu curaque levata 

et vultus melioris eris. Mihi pervia tellus 

praebet iter, subterque imas ablata cavernas 

hie caput attollo desuetaque sidera cerno. 

Ergo dum Stygio sub terris gurgite labor, 1755 

visa tua est oculis illic Proserpina nostris; 

ilia quidem tristis neque adhuc interrita vultu, 

sed regina tamen, sed opaci maxima mundi, 

sed tamen inferni pollens matrona tyranmV 

Mater ad auditas stupuit ceu saxea voces, 1760 

attonitaeque diu similis fuit. Utque dolore 

1738. Alpheias: Arethusa, loved by the Elean river god, Alpheus. — 
1741. genetrix: cf. genitor. siste: stay. — 1743. rapinae: kidnaping. — 
1744. hospita: from a foreign land. — 1750. advehar: am borne to. nar- 
ratibus: narration. — 1751. tempestiva: fitting. — 1752. pervia: passable 
— J 753» subter: underneath. — 1754. desueta: unaccustomed, from her 
long journey under the earth. — 1757. tristis: maesta. — 1759. pollens 
matrona: powerful wife. — 1760. saxea: of stone, i. e. turned to marble. 



ioo \ IT. KM 01 OVID 

pulsa gravi gravis est amentia, curribus auras 

exit in aetherias. Il>i toto nubila vultu 

ante Eovem passis stetit invidiosa capillis, 

'Pro' que meo veni supples tibi, Iuppiter,' inquit, 

'sanguine proque tuo. Si nulla est gratia main's, 

nata patrem moveat. Xcu sit tibi cura, precamur, 

vilior illius, quod nostro est edita partu. 

En quaesita diu tandem mihi nata reperta est; 

si reperire vocas amittere certius, aut si 1770 

scire ubi sit, reperire vocas. Quod rapta, feremus, 

dum modo reddat earn. Neque enim praedone marito 

filia digna tua est, si iam mea filia non est.' 

Iuppiter excepit, 'Commune est pignus onusque 
nata mihi tecum; sed si modo nomina rebus 1775 

addere vera placet, non hoc iniuria factum, 
verum amor est. Neque erit nobis gener ille pudori, 
tu modo, diva, velis. Ut desint cetera, quantum est 
esse Iovis fratrem! Quid quod nee cetera desunt, 
nee cedit nisi sorte mihi? Sed tanta cupido 1780 

si tibi discidii est, repetet Proserpina caelum, 
lege tamen certa, si nullos contigit illic 
ore cibos; nam sic Parcarum foedere cautum est.' 



1762. amentia: cf. aniens, 645. — 1763. nubila: gloomy. — 1764. invi- 
diosa: full of bitterness] but cf. 758. — 1768. nostro edita partu: born of 
me, my daughter.- 1770. amittere: object of vocfis, while reperire is 
pred., you call it finding to lose more surely. — 1771. quod rapta: /// ( ;/ she 
has been stolen. — 1772. praedone: robber. — 1774. excepit: respondit. — 
1776. iniuria: wrong. 1777. verum: vt-ro. pudori (848): to be ashamed 
of\ dat. of service. 1778. modo: cf. 1334. ut: though. — 1779. quid 
quod: ( f. 57-50.— 178X. discidii: separation. 1783. cibos: food. Par- 
carum: of the Fates. 



CERES AND PROSERPINA 101 

Dixerat. At Cereri certum est educere natam. 
Non ita fata sinunt, quoniam ieiunia virgo 1785 

solverat; et cultis dum simplex errat in hortis, 
puniceum curva decerpserat arbore pomum, 
sumptaque pallenti septem de cortice grana 
presserat ore suo. 

At medius fratrisque sui maestaeque sororis 1790 

Iuppiter ex aequo volventem dividit annum. 
Nunc dea, regnorum numen commune duorum, 
cum matre est totidem, totidem cum coniuge menses. 

1785. ieiunia: 1153. — 1786. simplex: artlessly. — 1787. puniceum 
pomum: pomegranate. — 1788. sumpta (sumo): taken from the sheath. 
grana: seeds. — 1790. medius: *. e. as mediator. 



XIV. JASON AND MEDEA 

leson, King of [olcus in Thessaly, entrusted the throne to his brother 
Pelias, until his son Jason should grow to manhood. When Jason appear* d 
to claim his right, Pelias promised to resign the kingdom, provided he 
brought the Golden Fleece from Colchis. Accordingly Jason with a band 

of heroes and demigods undertook the task and set sail in the ship Argo. I 

Iamque fretum Minyae Pagasaea puppe secabant, 
pcrpetuaque trahens inopem sub nocte senectam 179s 

Phineus visus erat, iuvenesque Aquilone crcati 
virgineas volucres miseri senis ore fugarant, 
multaque perpessi claro sub Iasone tandem 
contigerant rapidas limosi Phasidis undas. 

Dumque adeunt regem Phrixeaque vellera poscunt, 1800 
lexque datur Minyis magnorum horrenda laborum, 
concipit interea validos Aeetias ignes, 
et luctata diu postquam ratione furorem 
vincere non poterat, 'Frustra, Medea, repugnas; 
nescioquisdeusobstat/ait. 'Mirumque, nisi hoc est 1805 
aut aliquid certe simile huic quod amare vocatur. 
Nam cur iussa patris nimium mihi dura videntur? 

1794. Minyae: a mythical race of Greece; the Argonauts. Pagasaea 
puppe (= navi): the Argo, built in Pagasae, a Thessalian city. — 1796. 
Phineus: a blind king of Thrace: he had been tormented by the Harpies 
— birds with maiden's faces — who were driven away by the sons of the 
North wind, Zetes and Calais, who were among the Argonauts, creati: 
995. — 1798. perpessi: i.e. the Minyae having endured (perpetior). — 
1799. limosi Phasidis: the muddy P has is, a river of Colchis. — 1800. 
regem: Aeetes, king of Colchis, in whose possession was the Golden 
Fleece. Phrixea: of Phrixus, son of Athamas and Nephele. Read the 
story of the Fleece in the Age of Fable or Lowell's Jason's Quest. - 
1802. Aeetias: daughter of Antes (Medea), 1803. ratione: reason. — 
1807. nimium: cf. nimis, 276, 

102 



JASON AND MEDEA 103 

Sunt quoque dura nimis. Cur quern modo denique vidi, 
ne pereat timeo? Quae tanti causa timoris? 

'Excute virgineo conceptas pectore rlammas, 1810 
si potes, infelix. Si possem, sanior essem. 
Sed gravat invitamnova vis; aliudque cupido, 
mens aliud suadet. Video meliora proboque, 
deteriora sequor. Quid in hospite, regia virgo, 
ureris et thalamos alieni concipis orbis? i8is 

Haec quoque terra potest quod ames dare. Vivat an ille 
occidat, in dis est. Vivat tamen; idque precari 
vel sine amore licet. Quid enim commisit Iason? 
Quern nisi crudelem non tangat Iasonis aetas 
et genus et virtus? Quem non, ut cetera desint, 1820 
ore movere potest? Certe mea pectora movit. 
At nisi opem tulero, taurorum adrlabitur ore 
concurretque suae segetis tellure creatis 
hostibus, aut avido dabitur fera praeda draconi. 
Hoc ego si patiar, turn me de tigride natam, 1825 

turn ferrum et scopulos gestare in corde fatebor. 
Cur non et specto pereuntem, oculosque videndo 
conscelero? Cur non tauros exhortor in ilium 
terrigenasque feros insopitumque draconem? 

1808. modo denique: only just now. — 1810. excute: cast out. — 
181 1. sanior: more sensible. Compare this whole passage with the speech 
of Atalanta, 52-76. — 1812. invitam: sc. me. nova: cf. 1151.— 1813. 
mens: ratio. probo: approve. — 1814. deteriora: the worse (course). 
regia: royal. — 1815. alieni orbis: i.e. in another world. — 1816. quod 
ames: something to love. — 1818. vel: 1065. commisit: has done. — 1820. 
ut: as in 1238. — 1823. concurret: pugnabit. suae segetis: i.e. of his 
own planting. Modifies hostibus. — 1826. gestare: carry. — 1828. 
conscelero: pollute. exhortor: 1674. — 1829. terrigenas: earthborn. 
insopftum: sleepless. 



104 \ I I I'M < )l i )\ ll» 

'I>i meliora velint. Quamquau qod ista precanda, 1830 
scd facienda mini. Prodamne cL r «> regna parentis, 
atque op^ aescio quis servabitur advena nostra, 
ut per me sospes sine me del lintea vends, 
virque >it alterius, poenae Medea relinquar? 
Si facere hoc aliamve potest praeponere aobis, 1835 

occidat ingratus. S^< 1 qod is \'ultus in illo, 
non ca aobilitas animo est, ea gratia formae, 
ut timeam fraudem meritique oblivia nostri. 
Et dabit ante lidem; cogamque in foedera testis 
essedeos. Quin tuta times. Accingere et omnera 1840 
pelle moram. Tibi se semper debebit Iason, 
te face sollemni iunget sibi, perque Pelasgas 
servatrix urbes matrum celebrabere turba. 

'Ergo ego germanam fratremque patremque deosque 
et natale solum ventis ablata relinquam? 1845 

Nempe pater saevus, nempe est mea barbara tellus, 
f rater adhuc infans; stant mecum vota sororis; 
maximus intra me deus est. Non magna relinquam, 
magna sequar: titulum servatae pubis Achivae, 
notitiamque loci melioris, et oppida quorum 1850 

hie quoque fama vigct, cultusque artisque locorum; 

1830. quamquam: and yet. — 1831. prodam: for it had been foretold 
thai Aeetes should lose his throne when he gave up the Golden Fleece. 
— 1832. advena: stranger. — 1833. sospes: saved. lintea: vCla. 
1835. praeponere: 067. -1836. ix, ea: such. — 1837. gratia: charm. — 
1838. oblivia: forgetfulness.—i&40. quin: nay but. accingere: im- 
perative, with reflexive force. -1842. face sollemni: i. e. with solemn 
rites of wedlock. Pelasgas: Graecas. 1843. servatrix: cf. servitor, 
1369. celebrabere: cf. 962, 1844. germanam: sister. — 1845. natale: 
of my birth. 1848. deus: Cupid. 1849. servatae: of having saved the 
Grecian youth. 1851. vigett flourishes* 



JASON AND MEDEA 105 

quemque ego cum rebus quas totus possidet orbis 
Aesoniden mutasse velim, quo coniuge felix 
et dis cara ferar et vertice sidera tangam. 

'Quid, quod nescio qui mediis incurrere in undis 1855 
dicuntur montes; ratibusque inimica Charybdis 
nunc sorbere f re turn, nunc reddere; cinctaque saevis 
Scylla rapax canibus Siculo latrare profundo? 
Nempe tenens quod amo, gremioque in Iasonis haerens 
per f re ta longa ferar. Nihil ilium amplexa verebor; i860 
aut, si quid metuam, metuam de coniuge solo. 
Coniugiumne putas, speciosaque nomina culpae 
imponis, Medea, tuae? Quin adspice quantum 
adgrediare nefas, et dum licet, effuge crimen.' 
Dixit. Et ante oculos rectum pietasque pudorque 1865 
constiterant, et victa dabat iam terga Cupido. 

Ibat ad antiquas Hecates Perseidos aras, 
quas nemus umbrosum secretaque silva tegebat. 
Et iam fortis erat pulsusque resederat ardor, 
cum videt Aesoniden, exstinctaque rlamma reluxit. 1870 
Erubuere genae, totoque recanduit ore. 

1853. Aesoniden: son of Aeson. — 1854. vertice: cf. 878. — 1855. quid, 
quod: 57. incurrere: run against the traveler. The montes mentioned 
are the Symplegades, which were supposed to come together and crush 
ships that attempted to pass through. — 1856. Charybdis: a dangerous 
whirlpool on the Italian side of the Straits of Messina. The Sicilian side 
was guarded by Scylla, a monster with six heads, who seized and de- 
voured sailors from passing ships. — 1857. sorbere: suck in. — 1858. 
rapax: greedy, latrare: bark. — 1859. gremio in: on the bosom. — 1862. 
speciosa: 803. — 1864. adgrediare: you are attempting. — 1865. rectum: 
right, pietas: filial duty. — 1867. Hecates Perseidos: Hecate, daughter of 
Perses, goddess of magic, identified with Diana and Luna, hence 
represented with three forms. — 1870. reluxit (reluceo) : revived. — 1871. 
erubuere: flushed, recanduit (recandesco) : grew hot again. 



\ I , !'M 01 OVID 

Qtque sole! vcntis alimenta adsumere, quaeque 
parva sub inducta latuit scintilla favilla, 
en scere el in vel itata resurgere \ ; 

sic iam Lentus amor, [am quern languere putan 
ut vidit Luvenem, specie praesentis inarsit. 

Et casu solito formiosior Aesone oal 
ilia luce fuit. i aos< ere amanti. 

Spectat et in vultu veluti turn denique viso 
lumina fixa tenet, nee se mortalia demens 1880 

ora videre putat, nee se declinat ab illo. 
Ut vero coepitque loqui, dcxtramquc prehendit 
hospes, et auxilium submissa voce rogavit, 
promisitque torum, lacrimis ait ilia profu 
'Quid faciam video; nee me ignorant ia veri 
decipiet, sed amor. Servabere munere nustro: 
servatus promissa dato.' Per sacra triformis 
ille deae, lucoque foret quod numen in illo, 
perque patrem soceri cernentem cuncta futuri, 
eventusque suos et tanta pericula iurat. 1890 

Credit us accepit cantatas protinus herbas, 
edidicitque usum, laetusque in tecta recessit. 

1872. alimenta: 1112. adsumere: take on. -que connects adsQmere 
and 1 re- see re. — 1873. scintilla: spark, subj. of solet. — 1874. resurgere: 
igain, increase. 1875. lentus: sluggish, languere: grow faint. — 
1876. specie: 866. praesentis: (of the youth) present before her. inarsit 
(inftrdfiscd): blazed up. -1877. casu: by chance, solito: than u mil. 
Aesonenatus: Aesonidfis. -1882. prehendit: seized. — 1884. torum: con- 
iugium. profusis (profundS): pouring forth. — 1885. veri: used as a noun. 

1886. decipiet: shall deceive. -1887. servatus: conditional. tri- 
formis: see note to 1867. — 1889. cernentem cuncta: cf. .v s °- The Sun- 
god was father of Aeetes. —1890. eventiis: 41. — 1891. cantatas: magic. 

1892. gdidicit : taught. 



JASOX AND MEDEA 107 

Postera depulerat Stellas aurora micantes; 
conveniunt populi sacrum Mavortis in arvum 
consistuntque iugis. Medio rex ipse resedit 1895 

agmine purpureus sceptroque insignis eburno. 
Ecce adamanteis Vulcanum naribus efnant 
aeripedes tauri, tactaeque vaporibus herbae 
ardent. Utque solent pleni resonare camini, 
aut ubi terrena silices fornace soluti 1900 

concipiunt ignem liquidarum aspergine aquarum; 
pectora sic intus clausas volventia nammas 
gutturaque usta sonant. Tamen illis Aesone natus 
obvius it. Vertere truces venientis ad ora 
terribiles vultus praefixaque cornua ferro, 1905 

pulvereumque solum pede pulsavere bisulco, 
fumincisque locum mugitibus impleverunt. 

Deriguere metu Minyae. Subit ille nee ignes 
sen tit anhelatos (tan turn medicamina possunt), 
pendulaque audaci mulcet palearia dextra, 1910 

suppositosque iugo pondus grave cogit aratri 
ducere et insuetum ferro proscindere campum. 
Mirantur Colchi; Minyae clamoribus augent 
adiciuntque animos. Galea turn sumit aena 

1893. depulerat (depello): had driven away. — 1894. Mavortis: 
flavors, an old form of Mars. — 1896. purpureus: i. e. robed in purple. 
insignis: distinguished. — 1897. adamanteis: of adamant, hard as steel. 
Vulcanum: Ignem. — 1898. aeripedes: bronze-hoofed. — 1899. camini: 
furnaces, forges. — 1900. soluti: softened into lime. — 1904. truces (trux) : 
the savage beasts, subj. of vertere. — 1906. pulvereum: cf. pulvere, 173; 
bisulco: cf. sulco, 1339. — 1907. fumificis mugitibus: smoky bellowing. 
a spondaic line. — 1908. deriguere: 1091. subit: advances. — 1909. 
anhelatos: breathed forth. — 1910. pendula palearia: hanging dewlaps. — 
1912. insuetum: unaccustomed, proscindere: to cleave. — 1914. galea: 
helmet, sumit: 1788. 



10S \ i r.i'M < n OVID 

vipereos dentes el aratos spargil in agios. 191s 

oina tnollit humus valido praetdncta veneno, 
et crescunl fiuntque sati aova corpora dent 

Qu<>> ubi viderunl praeacutae cuspidis hastas 
in caput Eaemonn iuvenis torquere parai 
demisere metu vultumque animumque Pelasgi. 1920 
Ipsa quoque extimuit, quae tutum fecerat ilium; 
utque peti vidit iuvenem tot ab hostibus unum, 
palluit et subito sine sanguine frigida sedit; 
neve parum valeant a se data gramina, carmen 
auxiliare canit secretasque advocat artes. 192s 

Ille gravem medios silicem iaculatus in hostes 
a se depulsum Martem convertit in ipsos. 
Terrigenae pereunt per mutua vulnera fratres, 
civilique cadunt acie. Gratantur Achivi 
victoremque tenent avidisque amplexibus haerent. 1930 

Pervigilem superest herbis sopire draconem, 
qui crista linguisque tribus praesignis et uncis 
dentibus horrendus custos erat arietis aureae. 
Hunc postquam sparsit Lethaei gramine sua 
vcrbaque ter dixit pladdos facientia somnos, 1035 

quae mare turbatum, quae concita flumina sistunt, 

1915. vipereos: 1248; these were some of the teeth of the dragon slain 
by Cadmus. — 1916. praetincta: steeped beforehand. — 1917. sati: from 
seru, sow. — 1918. praeacutae: sharpened. — 1920. demisere: let sink; cf. 
1078. — 1921. extimuit (extimescd) : feared greatly. — 1923. frigida: 
chilled. — 1924. parum: too little, gramina: herbae. — 1925. advocat: 
summons to her aid. — 1927. depulsum (dSpellC): averted. Martem: pug- 
nani. 1929. civili acid: civil strife, gratantur: rejoice. Achivi: Pelai 
1931. pervigilem: ever watchful, sopire: ///// to sleep. — 1932. crista: crest 
praesignis: Insignia. — 1933. arietis: ram. 1934. Lethaei: of Lethe, 
i. e. able to produce sleep.— 1936. turbatum: troubled, sistunt: stay, 



JASON AND MEDEA 1 09 

somnus in ignotos oculos sibi venit, et auro 
heros Aesonius potitur; spolioque superbus 
muneris auctorem secum, spolia altera, portans 
victor Iolciacos tetigit cum coniuge portus. ig 40 

Haemoniae matres pro natis dona receptis 
grandaevique ferunt patres, congestaque fiamma 
tura liquefaciunt, inductaque cornibus aurum 
victima vota cadit. Sed abest gratantibus Aeson 
iam propior leto, fessusque senilibus annis; 1945 

cum sic Aesonides: '0 cui debere salutem 
confiteor, coniunx, quamquam mihi cuncta dedisti, 
excessitque fidem meritorum summa tuorum, 
si tamen hoc possunt (quid enim non carmina possint?) 
deme meis annis, et demptos adde parenti;' 1950 

nee tenuit lacrimas. Mota est pietate rogantis, 
dissimilemque animum subiit Aeeta relictus. 

Nee tamen adfectus tales confessa, 'Quod' inquit 
'excidit ore pio, coniunx, scelus? Ergo ego cuiquam 
posse tuae videor spatium transcribere vitae? 1955 

Nee sinat hoc Hecate, nee tu petis aequa. Sed isto 
quod petis experiar maius dare munus, Iason. 
Arte mea soceri longum temptabimus aevum, 
non annis revocare tuis; modo diva triformis 
adiuvet et praesens ingentibus adnuat ausis.' i960 

Tres aberant noctes, ut cornua tota coirent 
emcerentque orbem. Postquam plenissima fulsit 

1938. Aesonius: Aesonides. — 1940. Iolciacos: of Iolcus, in Thessaly. 
— 1942. congesta (congero) : heaped up. — 1943. liquefaciunt: dissolve. 
inducta aurum: gilded. — 1945. senilibus: senectae. — 1948. summa: 
total. — 1952. dissimilem: unlike his. Aeeta: i. e. the thought of Aeetes 
left behind. — 1953. adfectus: feelings. — 1955. transcribere: transfer. 



no A I l.k.M OF OVID 

ac solida terra spectavit imagine Luna, 
egreditur tectis vestes induta recinct 
nuda pedem, audos umeris infusa capillo 1965 

fertque vagos mediae per muta silentia tioctis 
incomitata gradus. Homines volucresque ferasque 
solverat alta quies; aullo cum murmure saepes; 
immotaeque silent frondes; silet umidus aer; 
sidera sola micant. Ad quae sua bracchia tendens 1*70 
ter se convertit, ter sumptis flumine crinem 
inroravit aquis, ternisque ululatibus ora 
solvit; et in dura submisso poplite terra, 
'Nox,' ait, 'arcanis fidissima, quacque diurnis 
aurea cum luna succeditis ignibus, astra, 197s 

tuque triceps Hecate, quae coeptis conscia nostris 
adiutrixque venis, cantusque artesque magorum 
quaeque magos, Tellus, pollentibus instruis herbis, 
auraeque et venti montesque amnesque lacusque. 
dique omnes nemorum, dique omnes noctis, adeste, 1980 
quorum ope, cum volui, ripis mirantibus amnes 
in fontes rediere suos, concussaque sisto, 
stantia concutio cantu freta, nubila pello 
nubilaque induco, ventos abigoque vocoque, 
vipereas rumpo verbis et carmine fauces 

1964. recinctas: 1232.— 1965. nudos: unbound, infusa (InfundO): 
:./>>■, ad upon. — 1966. vagos: 1140. muta: still. -1967. incomitata: sola. 

1968. quies: silentium. saepes: 275. — 1972. inroravit: 1205. ter- 
ms: threefold. — 1974. arcanis: secrets, diurnis: [263.— 1976. triceps: 
trifdrmis. coeptis: ausls. 1977 adiutrix: helper, magorum: an order 
of pri(.-st> among tin- Medes, connected especially with astrology and 
enchantment. 1978: pollentibus: 1759. instruis: cf. 1395. — 1982. 
concussa: agrees with freta. Cf. the description of Dido's priestess ii' 
Aen. [V. 487-491. 1984. abigo: disiiio, [169. 



TASON AND MEDEA III 

vivaqiie saxa, sua convulsaque robora terra 
et silvas moveo, iubeoque tremescere montes 
et mugire solum manesque exire sepulchris. 

'Te quoque, Luna, traho, quamvis Temesaea labores 
aera tuos minuant, currus quoque carmine nostro i 990 
pallet avi, pallet nostris Aurora venenis; 
vos mihi taurorum flammas hebetastis et unco 
impatiens oneris collum pressistis aratro. 
Vos serpentigenis in se fera bella dedistis; 
custodemque rudem somni sopistis et aurum i 995 

vindice decepto Graias misistis in urbes. 

'Nunc opus est sucis, per quos renovata senectus 
in florem redeat primosque recolligat annos. 
Et dabitis; neque enim micuerunt sidera frustra, 
nee frustra volucrum tractus cervice draconum 2000 
currus adest.' Aderat demissus ab ae there currus. 

Quo simul ascendit frenataque colla draconum 
permulsit manibusque leves agitavit habenas. 
Sublimis rapitur subiectaque Thessala Tempe 
despicit et Threces regionibus applicat angues; 200s 
et quas Ossa tulit, quas altum Pelion herbas, 

1987. tremescere: tremere. — 1988. sepulchris: tombs. — 1989. quam- 
vis: 757. Temesaea: Temesaean, a name taken perhaps from the copper 
mines of Tamassus in Cyprus. Bronze vessels (aera) were beaten during 
an eclipse (labores) to break the magic spell. — 1991. pallet: 1208. — 1992. 
hebetastis: 1711. — 1994. serpentigenis: dragon-born. — 1995. rudem: cf. 
77. — 1996. vindice: guard Ian. Graias: Greek. — 1997. opus: 6, n 20. re- 
novata: restored, senectus: senecta, 909. — 1998. recolligat: gather 
again. — 2002. ascendit: cf. ascensus, 819. frenata: cf. frenum, 469. — 
2003. permulsit: 19 10.— 2004. Thessala Tempe: the famous valley of 
North Thessaly, between Mt. Olympus and Mt. Ossa. — 2005. Threces: 
of Thrace, applicat: drives toward. 



[12 \ I i:km n] OVID 

Othrys quas Pindusque el Pindo maior Olympus, 
perspicit et placitas partim radice revellit, 
partim succidit curvamine folds aenae. 

Et [am Qona dies curru pennisque draconum 
uonaque n<>\ omnes lustrantem viderat agro 
cum rediit; Deque erant tacti nisi odore dracones, 
et tamen annosae pellem posuere senectae. 
Constitit adveniens citra limenque foresque, 
et tantum carlo tegitur refugitque viriles 2015 

contactus; statuitque aras e cespite binas, 
dexteriore Hecates, ast laeva parte Iuventae. 

Has ubi verbenis silvaque incinxit agresti, 
haud procul egesta scrobibus tellurc duabus 
sacra facit cultrosque in guttera velleris atri 2020 

conicit et patulas perfundit sanguine fossas. 
Turn super invergens liquidi carchesia Bacchi 
aeneaque invergens tepidi carchesia lactis 
verba simul fudit terrenaque numina civil 
umbrarumque rogat rapta cum coniuge regem 2025 

ne properent artus anima fraudare senili. 

Quos ubi placavit precibusque et murmure longo, 

2006-2007. Pelion, Othrys: mountains of Thessaly. — 2008. partim: 
some— 2009. succidit: cut off. falcis, from falx: sickle.— 2010. nona: 
ninth. — 2011. lustrantem: 261. — 2013. annosae: full of years. peUem: 
skin. 2014. adveniens: cf. adventus, 765. limen: threshold. — 2015. 
tantum: cf. 034. viriles: of her husband. — 2016. cespite: turf, binas: 
two. — 2017. ast: at. Iuventae: Youth. — 2018. verbenis: with sacred 
boughs, incinxit: cf. cingO, 375, 827. — 2019. egesta (egerfl): cast 
out, removed. -2020. cultros: knives. — 2021. patulas: 9x2. fossas: 
Bcrbbfis. — 2022. invergens: pouring upon, carchesia: goblets. Bacchi: 
\1111 2024. civit (cieO): summoned. 2025. rapta coniuge: Proserpina 
— 2026. fraudare: cf. fraudem, 1838. 2027. placavit: appeased. 



JASON AND MEDEA 113 

Aesonis effoetum proferri corpus ad auras 
iussit et in plenos resolutum carmine somnos 
exanimi similem stratis porrexit in herbis. 2030 

Hinc procul Aesoniden, procul hinc iubet ire ministros, 
et monet arcanis oculos removere profanos 
Diffugiunt iussi; passis Medea capillis 
bacchantum ritu fiagrantes circuit aras; 
multifidasque faces in fossa sanguinis atra 2035 

tinguit et intinctas geminis accendit in aris; 
terque senem flamma, ter aqua, ter sulfure lustrat. 

Interea validum posito medicamen a'eno 
fervet et exsultat spumisque tumentibus albet. 
Illic Haemonia radices valle resectas 2040 

seminaque floresque et sucos incoquit acres. 
Adicit extremo lapides Oriente petitos 
et quas Oceani refluum mare lavit harenas. 
Addit et exceptas luna pernocte pruinas 
et strigis infames ipsis cum carnibus alas 204s 

inque virum soliti vultus mutare ferinos 
ambigui prosecta lupi; nee defuit illic 
squamea Cinyphii tenuis membrana chelydri 

2028. effoetum: worn out. proferri: to be brought out. — 2029. reso- 
lutum: (resolvo) : relaxed. — 2030. stratis (sterno) : 1375. porrexit: 538. — 
2032. arcanis: 1974. profanos: unholy. — 2034. bacchantum ritu: after 
the manner of Bacchantes, circuit: walks about. — 2035. multifidas: 884. 
— 2036. intinctas: dipped in the blood. — 2039. fervet: cf. 890. exsultat: 
boils over, spumls: foam, tumentibus: tumidls, 242. — 2041. incoquit: 
boils in. — 2043. refluum: flowing back, i. e. the tides of the Ocean. — 
2044. pernocte: full moon, pruinas: cf. pruinosas, 149. — 2045. strigis: 
(strix): screech owl. Infames: ill-omened. carnibus: flesh. — 2046. 
ferinos: ferae. — 2047. prosecta: the parts cut off for an offering, lupi: 
the werewolf. — 2048. The scaly membranes of the Libyan water snake. 



II.} A I I KM 01 0\ ID 

vivadsque iecur cervi, quibus Lnsuper addit 

ora caputque novem cornicis saecqla passae. 2050 

Hi- el mille alii- postquam sine nomine rebus 
propositum instruxit remorari Tartara mumis, 
arenti ramo iam pridem mitis olivae 
omnia confudit summisque unmiscuit ima. 
lure vetus calido versatus stipes aeno 2055 

lit viridis primo, nee Longo tempo re Frondes 
induit, et subito gravidis oneratur olivis. 
At quacumque cavo spumas eiecit aeno 
ignis et in terram guttae cecidere calentes, 
vernat humus floresque et mollia pabula surgunt. 2060 

Quae simul ac vidit, stricto Medea recludit 
ense senis iugulum veteremque exire cruorem 
passa replet sucis. Quos postquam combibit Aeson 
aut ore acceptos aut vulnere, barba comaeque 
canitie posita nigrum rapuere colorem; 206s 

pulsa fugit macies, abeunt pallorque situsque, 
adiectoque cavac supplentur corpore rugae, 
membraque luxuriant. Aeson miratur et olim 
ante quater denos hunc se reminiscitur annos. 

2049. iecur: liver. lnsuper: in addition. — 2050. novem: nine, cor- 
nicis: crow. 2052. propositum: undertaking. Tartara: mortem.- 
2053. iam pridem: now for a long time; modifies ftrentl.— 2054. im- 
miscuit: blended. 2055. stipes: stick. 2057. gravidis: ripening, one- 
ratur: cf. onus. —2058. quacumque: wherever, eiecit: cf. BiectC, 56a. 
-2059. calentes: 908. 2060. vernat: blooms. — 2061. recludit: un- 
sheathes. 2062. iugulum: throat. — 2063. combibit: has swoMowed.- 
2065. canitie: ti lateness. -2066. macies: leanness, situs: decay of age. 

2067. corpore: /. e. flesh, rugae: cf. rQgSsus, 911. -2068. luxuriant: 
fill out. 2069. denos: ten. hunc: tfilem. reminiscitur: remembers. 



A TERM OF OVID 115 

Epilogue to the Metamorphoses 

Iamque opus exegi, — quod nee Iovis ira nee ignis 2070 
nee poterit ferrum nee edax abolere vetustas. 
cum volet, ilia dies quae nil nisi corporis huius 
ius habet incerti spatium mihi finiat aevi; 
parte tamen meliore mei super alta perennis 
astra ferar nomenque erit indelebile nostrum. 2075 

Quaque patet domitis Romana potentia terris 
ore legar populi perque omnia saecula fama, 
si quid habent veri vatum praesagia, vivam. 

2070. exegi: 1240. — 2071. edax: devouring, abolere: to destroy. — 
2074. perennis: everlasting. — 2075. indelebile: eternal. — 2078. praesa- 
gia: cf. praesagus, 472. 



ABBREVIATIONS 



abl ablative. 

absolute. 

accusative. 

<ufj adjective. 

</</:' a> 1 veil). 

cf. {confer) . . . compare. 

comp comparative. 

conj conjunction. 

dat dative. 

dem demonstrative. 

dim diminutive. 

etc et cetera. 

f. feminine. 

freq frequentative. 

gen genitive. 

i.e. {id est) . . . that is. 

imper imperative. 

impers impersonal. 

inch inchoative. 

in Jet/ indeclinable. 

indef. indefinite. 

infin infinitive. 



intensitive. 

interjection. 

interrogative, 

locative. 

»' masculine. 

>i neuter. 

nom nominative. 

num numeral. 

/ participle. 

passive. 

pi. plural. 

poss possessive. 

pred. predicate. 

prep preposition. 

pron pronoun. 

pronom pronominal. 

reflex reflexive. 

sc. {scilicet) . . . supply. 

super/. superlative. 

ret. relative. 

sing. singular. 

w with. 



A dash ( — ) shows that a form is lacking. 

A form is inclosed in parentheses to show that it is used only in other 
cases, or, if a verb, to indicate that the present system is not used. 

A numeral after the first form of a verb shows the conjugation to which it 

belongs. 

In proper names a reference is given only to the first line where the word 
occurs. In words occurring six or more times the first three references are 

noted, followed by " etc." 

Books of Ri i i u n< e: Bulfinch, Age of Fable. Revised by J. L. Scott. 
Philadelphia: D. M> Kay. 

1 .\'s Tales of Ancient Grt I bicago: Jansen McQurgA Co, 

Guerber's Myths of Greece and Rome* American Book < lompany. 

Seeman'a Mythology of Greece and Rome. Edited by G. H. Bianchi. 
New York : Harper & Bros. 

116 



NOTES 



H. = Harkness' Complete Latin Grammar, 1898, references to Harkness' 
Standard Grammar being inclosed in parentheses. M. = Lane and Morgan. A. = 
Allen and Greenough. G. — Gildersleeve. B. = Bennett. 



The Poet. — Publius Ovidius Naso was the last of the great writers of the 
so-called Augustan age. Sallust, who belonged rather to the Republic, died 
when the poet was but nine years old; but Vergil (70-19 B.C.) and Horace 
(65-8 B.C.) were still at their best when he reached the age of manhood, 
while the life of the historian Livy (59 B.C.-17 A.D.) was almost parallel with 
that of the poet. On March 20, 43 B.C., at almost the closing hour of the 
Roman Republic, Ovid was born in Sulmo, a fine old town in the district of 
Peligni, north of Rome. His parents were of high rank, but not wealthy, 
so that Ovid and his elder brother were early sent to Rome to be educated 
for the law. The younger brother found this course little to his liking, and 
though he kept to his studies diligently, even at that time devoted his spare 
moments to writing verses. In his nineteenth year his brother died, so that 
it was no longer necessary for him to depend upon the practice of law for his 
living. He resolved, nevertheless, to continue his studies, and after working 
with the best teachers of Rome, went to Athens, and in company with his 
life-long friend, the poet Macer, visited the Greek cities of Asia Minor. Then 
he went to Sicily, where he spent a year, probably the happiest of his life. 
On his return to Rome he held various minor offices, and was evidently con- 
sidered a man of importance in judicial matters, but after a few years gave up 
all thought of a public career, and settled down to the quiet life of a literary 
gentleman of moderate means. Early in his life he was twice married, but 
the venture in both instances proved unhappy, and a separation followed. 
A third marriage, in middle life, was happier; and Ovid's letters to his wife, 
during his exile, contain many proofs of his affection for her. Ovid was 
banished by the Emperor Augustus in 9 A.D., ostensibly for endangering the 
public morals by something that he had written ten years earlier, but probably 
in reality for some secret reason of the Emperor's. The place of his exile 
was Tomi, a little town on the Black Sea, a cold, bleak region, quite different 
from his fertile and sunny home in Italy. Here in lonely retirement he passed 
the rest of his days, until his death in 18 a.d, writing many pathetic letters to 

117 



i . NOTES 

his friends, ami hoping constantly for the imperial decree which never came 
ti> end his banishment 

The poem which would have afforded the best meai n with 

Vergil, Ovid's tragedy of Medea, unfortunately has been lost In general, 
however, it is agreed that hi* style is easier and more fluent than \ 
and in feet than that of any other Latin writer. While he does not rise often 

to the grandeur of the Aeneid, his poetry docs not show the mechanical diffi- 

culties and harsh effects which one meets at times in Vergil. His verses flow 
of themselves without any visible effort, so easily that in places they seem a 
little careless and slipshod. Hut he is usually interesting and always charm- 
ing; and as a spinner of yarns, a maker of light verses to he read before the 
fashion and beauty of Rome, he had no equal. Much, however, that he 
wrote, especially in the years at Tomi, was really noble; and if a good part 
of his earlier work was unrefined, and some of it even immoral, it was quite 
in keeping with the social standards of polite society at that time. 

The Poem. — The Metamorphoses, or Transfigurations, or Changes, as 
they might have been called, were the Wonder Book or Fairy Tales of the 
Romans. The poems were in an unfinished state when ( hid was banished, 
and, with other manuscripts, were committed to the flames on his departure. 
Several copies of the verses, which had been given to friends of the poet, 
were left, luckily; ami it is likely that he finished and revised the whole work 
during his banishment. In this work, Ovid has collected all the well-known 
legends of Greek mythology, connecting them by a slight and frequently invis- 
ible thread which runs through the whole fabric. Beginning with the descrip- 
tion of Chaos, the Creation of the World, the Four Ages, and the Flood, one 
story suggests another until, in a rambling, offhand sort of way, we have passed 
through, in a single narrative, the whole range of fairyland, — gods, nymphs, 
heroes, and even favored men included, — ending finally with the deification 
of Caesar. The book receives its name from the number o( instances related 
in which human beings are turned, as in our own fairy stories, into animals 
and objects of various kinds, though the charm of the poem lies rather in the 
incidents which lead to the different transformations, than in the changes 

themselves. 

The subject matter of the poem is divided into fifteen books of about eight 

hundred lines each, the principal topics of which are as follows: — 

I. Chaos, the Creation; the Four Ages; the Guilt of Lycaon; the Vl^^\; 
Apollo's Love i«.r Daphne; Jupiter and [o. 

II. PhaSthon's Misadventure; CalMstO; a number of minor incidents, the 
best known of which is the Abduction of F.uropa. 

III. Cadmus and the Dragon; the Founding of Thebes; Actaeon; the birth 
of Bacchus; Tiresias; Echo and Narcissus; a Miracle of Bacchus, 



NOTES I19 

IV. Pyramus and Thisbe ; Leucothoe and the Sun ; Clytie; Salmacis; Ino; 

Perseus and Andromeda.' 
V. A Quarrel settled by Perseus and the Gorgon's Head; the Muses and 
the Pierian Nymphs; the Battle of the Giants; many transformations 
of the gods; Ceres and Proserpina; Arethusa. 
VI. Arachne; Niobe's Pride and Punishment; Tereus, Procus, and Philo- 
mela. 
VII. Jason's Quest and its Sequels; Theseus; Minos. 

VIII. Theseus and Ariadne ; Daedalus and Icarus; Meleager; Philemon and 
Baucis; Proteus. 
IX. The Centaurs; Hercules. 

X. Orpheus; Hyacinthus; Pygmalion; Myrrha; Adonis; Atalanta. 
XI. The Death of Orpheus; Midas; Thetis; Ceyx and Alcyone; Mor- 
pheus. 
XII. The Gathering before Troy; Cygnus; the Battle of the Lapithae 
and Centaurs; the Death of Achilles; the Rivalry of Ajax and 
Ulysses. 
XIII. Ajax and Ulysses; Hecuba; the Voyage of Aeneas; Galatea; Poly- 
phemus; Glaucus. 
XIV. Scylla; Sibylla; Circe; Aeneas at Latium; the Foundation of Rome 

and Deification of Romulus. 
XV. Numa and Pythagoras and the Transmigration of the Soul; Various 
Changes in and on the Earth; Aesculapius; Julius Caesar. 

Other Works of Ovid. — Beside the Metamorphoses, Ovid was the author 
of a comparatively large number of other poems. His earliest important work 
was the Heroides, consisting of twenty-one letters in elegiac verse, assumed to 
have been written by the famous women of antiquity — as Penelope, Medea, 
Ariadne, etc. — to absent husbands or friends. The Fasti was a Roman 
calendar or almanac, only six of whose twelve books were finished — a col- 
lection of the good old stories and legends connected with the holy days and 
festivals of the Roman year. The Amores consisted of three books of elegies, 
on various topics, containing several poems of a very high order, but for the 
most part of an amatory nature. The Ars Amoris and Remedium Amoris 
were amatory compositions of a not particularly nice character; such, indeed, 
that in the author's preface he advises decent people not to read the book. 
The authorship of these poems was the reason given officially for the poet's 
banishment. The Tristia, in five books, and Epistulae ex Ponto, in four 
books, were letters in elegiac form, written during Ovid's exile, mainly on 
personal topics, including nearly all that we know of the poet's own life. 
Besides the works mentioned, there were several unimportant poems or frag- 
ments of a miscellaneous nature. 



i2o \o. rp. 9 

I. .VI ALAN I V> LAS! RACE 

>ong given before a spellbound audience of forest trees and animals, 
OrpheilS tella among other things of the love of Venus for Adonis. In the 
song Venus relates to Adonis the story of the beautiful daughter of the I 
tian Schoeneus, a maiden who so excelled in of foot that she offered 

her hand as a prize to any one who could outrun her, the price of defeat being 
death. A Boeotian youth among the spectators fell in love with the maiden 
one day, and challenged her to a race. She accepted, and was defeated 
through the intervention of Venus, who supplied the youth with three golden 
apples, which he threw down upon the course and thus distracted the 
attention of Atalanta. 

i. audieris: H. 552 (485); M. 717, 718; A. 447a, and note; G. 257-59; 
B. 280. 
aliquam: puellam. 

3. non dicere posses: and you could not have told. H. 555 (485, n. 3); 

M. 720; A. 447, 2; G. 257; B. 280. 

4. laude, bono: abl. of specification. H. 480 (424); M. 650; A. 418; 

G. 397; B. 226, 1. Render, in the swiftness of her feci or her surpass- 
ing beauty. But what literally? 
-ne: really introduces a double question, with the interrogative 
word omitted in the first member. 

5. deus: what god, probably, is meant? 

coniuge: H. 477, III (414, IV); M. 646; A. 411; G. 406; B. 21S, 2. 

6. coniugis usum: the marriage tie. 

7. effugies: observe the force of the compound, as well as the tense of 

the verb, 
teque ipsa viva carebis: notice that ipsa and viva are not in the 
same case, and for the ablative see II. 4(12 1414, I); M. 601; 
A. 401; G. 405; B. 214, 1, c. Translate, while living you will be 
deprived of yourself, i. e. of your human form. Read in some book 
of mythology how this prophecy came true. 
q. violenta: find out by scansion thecase,andsotheagreementofthisword. 

10. nee: et non, of which the negative belongs to sum potiunda, while 

the connective joins inquit with the preceding clause. 

1 1. pedibus: cursu. Why abl.? 

12. praemia: in apposition with coniunx and thalami. 
15. venit: ut veniret would be expected here. 

17. cuiquam: II 1 1 [); M. 5 iv. A. 375, a; G. 354; B. 189, 3. 

to. ut . . . posito . . . velamine vidit: but when Iter outer garment was 

laid aside and lie 



P. 13] NOTES 121 

20. quale: like, but see prose order, 
meum: i. e. of Venus. 
tuum: of Adonis, to whom Venus was telling the story. 

23. peteretis: informal indirect discourse. H. 649, I (528, 1); M. 1029; 

A. 592, n.; G. 508, 3; B. 323. 

24. ne currat: this does double duty as a negative clause after optat 

and positive with timet. 

25. invidia: abl. of cause. H. 475 (416); M. 612; A. 404; G. 408; B. 219. 

26. mihi: cf. cuiquam, 1. 17. 

27. audentes . . .: something like our "Fortune favors the brave." 

What god is meant by deus ipse? 

28. passu: abl. of maner. H. 473, 3 (419, III); M. 635; A. 412; G. 399; 

B. 220, 1. . 

29. quae: do not say who although she. 

Scythica: the Scythians were famous' for their strength and skill in 
archery. 

30. Aonio: see 1. 46. 

31. facit: creates, adds to. 

32. ablata: take with talaria. 

33. quaeque: see prose order. 

34. picto limbo: descriptive abl. H. 473, 2 (419, II); M. 643; A. 415; 

G. 400; B. 224. Modifies genualia. 

35. puellari candore: descriptive abl. 
37. Candida: i. e. of white marble. 

40. ex foedere: demanded by the compact. 

45. fecerit: future perfect, if fortune shall prove me the better. 

48. seu: correlative with seu in 1. 44. 

49. Hippomene victo: abl. absolute, but how best rendered? 

50. Schoeneia: Atalanta was the daughter of Schoeneus, king of Boeotia. 

52. formosis: "the beautiful"; for the case see H. 434 (391, I); M. 536; 

A. 384; G. 359; B. 192, 1. 

53. discrimine: H. 476 (420); M. 645; A. 409, c; G. 401; B. 218. 

54. hoc: i. e. with me. ; 

me iudice: abl. absolute. 

•tanti: gen. of value. H. 448, 1 (404, n. i); M. 576; A. 417; G. 380; 

B. 203, 3. 

57. quid, quod: what (matter) that. The quod clause is a substantive 

clause in apposition with quid. Cf . a similar sentence in Cicero in 
Catilinam, I, viii, 19: Quid, quod tu te ipse in custodiam dedisti? 
leti: gen. of specification, undaunted at the thought of death. H. 452 
(399, III); M. 575; A- 349, d; G. 374; B. 204. 

58. ab aequorea origine: ab rege aquarum, 1. 47. 



122 ii;s [P. i 3 

tanti: cf. tanti, 1. 54. 

nostra: meum, 1. 1 13 ■; 1 f. hoc, I. 54. 
do. illi: indirect object 
I 1. cruentos: 1. e. which involves a ri.-k of life. 

nulla nolet: no maiden uill reft 
. potes: thou may'st. 

tui: objective gen., /or ///it. 

tot: tot procis, 1. 0, 65. 
65. viderit: perfect subjunctive, but intereat is present. 

69. non erit: see prose order. 

invidiae: pred. ^en. of description. II. 440, 3 (396, V); M. 558; 
A. 345; G. 365; B. 203. 

70. velles: notice the form of the wish as shown by the tense. H. 

55S, 1 (483, 2); M. 712; A. 441; G. 261; B. 279, 2. 

73. nollem visa fuissem: equivalent to an optative subjunctive 

II. 558, 4; A, 442, b; G. 261, r. 
tibi: H. 431, 2 and 6 (384, 1; 388, 4); M. 544, 545; A. 375 and a; 
G. 354; B. 189, 2 and 3. 

74. vivere: a Greek construction used only in poetry. H. 608, 4, n. i 

(533. II, 3); M. 952; A. 535, f, n. 2; G. 552, r. 2; B. 333. The 

prose construction would be qui viveres. 
essem . . . eras: II. 581, 1 (511, 1); M. 940; A. 517, b; G. 597, r. 3; 

B. 304, 3. "Thou weri (the only) one with whom I wittingly 

uould share my life." 
76. vellem: H. 591, 5 (503, II, 1); M. 836; A. 535; G. 631, 1; B. 2I 
78. quid facit: what would this be in prose? H. 649, II, 6 (529, II, 7); 

M. 8 10, 817; A. 575, c; B. 300, 6. 
85. nomine: II. 480 (424); M. 650; A. 253; G. 397; B. 226, 1. 
87. dotem: in apposition with hanc. 

89. comam: ace. of specification, a common Greek construction. 

H. 416 (378); M. 510; A. 397, b; G. 33S, B. 1S0. 
r ramis crepitantibus: abl. abs. of description or descriptive abi 

90. hinc: take with decerpta. 

mea: what word does this modify? 
01. nuHi$ dat. of agent. II. 431 (388); M.544; A.374;G.3SSJ B. 189, 1. 
93. carcere: probably a rope or "tape" stretched across the traek to 

insure an equal start. 
95. putes: potential. H. 552, 554, 1; 555 (485, 486); M. 717; A. 417, 2j 

< I 57-259? B. .'So. 
00. utere: not infinitive. What case follows utor? 
101. gaudeat: Bee prose order, and if. esset in 1. .}. 

his dictis: abl.ofcause. 8.475(4 [6); M.61 2; A. 404; (;. 408; B. :m. 



P. 17] NOTES 123 

102. cum iam : just when. 

morata est : notice the gender of the participle, and remember that the 
verb is deponent. 
1 10. cessata tempora . . . corrigit : makes up for lost time. 
113. cursus: genitive. 
115. quo: ut eo, that so. 11.568,7(497,11,2); M. 908; A. 531, a;G. 545, 2; 

B. 282, a. 
118. sublato : (from tollo), when she had taken it up. 

120. cursu: H. 471 (417); M. 615; A. 406; G. 398; B. 217. 

121. duxit sua praemia victor : but forgot to pay his vows to the goddess who 

had helped him. So she caused the lovers to offend Cybele, who trans- 
formed them into a lion and lioness, and harnessed them to her chariot. 

Table I. — The Descent of Atalanta 
Aeolus (see Table VI) 

Athamas 
(Themisto) 

Schoeneus 

Atalanta 

Books of Reference. — Atalanta: Guerber, pp. 276-278; Age of Fable, 
pp. 174-177; Landor's Hippomenes and Atalanta. Venus and Adonis : Age 
of Fable, pp. 83-85; Guerber, 108-110; Seeman, p. 66. 



II. PYRAMUS AND THISBE 

This story is told by one of the Minyeides, three Theban sisters who refused 
to worship the god Bacchus, but remained at home, devoting themselves to 
domestic occupations, and lightening their toil by repeating in turn some 
legendary tale. In the story, two young people of Babylon plan to elope from 
their homes, and arrange a meeting at the tomb of Ninus outside the city. 
Thisbe precedes her lover to the rendezvous, and is frightened away by the 
sight of a lion. A little later, Pyramus finds the tracks of the lion, and sees 
Thisbe's mantle torn and bloody. Imagining that she is slain, he kills himself. 
Then Thisbe emerges from her hiding place, finds her lover's corpse, and stabs 
herself with the same sword. In token of the double death, a mulberry tree, 
whose white berries were stained with the lovers' blood, bears ever afterward 
dark red berries. 



124 MOTES [P. 1 8 

123. puellis: dat. [II. 420 (586); M. 534; A. 370; C. 347; 15. 187, III], 

l>ut render praelata rarpai 

124. tenuere : the form of the perfect in ere is very common in poetry, ami 

must not be Confounded with the present active infinitive. What 

would be the infinitive of this verb? 

125. COCtilibus : because there were no quarries in the vicinity. 
Semiramis : a half mythical Assyrian queen, noted for her executive ami 

military ability. According to some accounts, she murdered her hus- 
band, King Ninus. whose splendid tomb is mentioned a few lines later, 
urbem : Babylon, famous for its high walls and buildings. 

126. gradus : i.e. ad amorem. 

127. tempore: as time went on. 

taedae : an allusion to the conferratio, or most solemn form of marriage 
among the Romans. In this ceremony, the bride was escorted from 
her parents' home to the house of the bridegroom by her relatives and 
friends, bearing pine torches in honor of Ceres. Also the bridegl 
presented the bride with symbolical gifts of fire and water. From this 
custom, taedae came to be used as taedae iugales, i.e. marriage. 

COissent : the apodosis of a past unreal condition. Rut notice the real 
assertion which takes the place of the protasis. 

128. quod : the antecedent of quod is the fact of the following line. 

129. captis mentibus : abl. abs. 

131. quoque : not from quisque. -que connects tegitur with the verb of the 
preceding sentence, while quo is correlative with an omitted eo with 
aestuat : the more . . . tlie more. 

134. nulli: dat. Cf. nulli, L 91. 

136. vocisiter: a passage for your voices. 

141. quantum erat: how great (a favor') would it be, i.e. it would .' 

little, the subject of erat being the substantive clause of result: ut 
sineres. For the mood of erat, see II. 5S3 (511, N. 3); M. 940; 
A. 522, a, X. 1 .; B. 271, b. 

144. quod : (the fact) that. 

145. diversa: hinc, illinc, 1. 13S. 

146. dixere, dedere : cf. tenuere, 1. 124. 

147. quisque: in partitive apposition with the subject of dedere. 
152. custodes : especially parentes; cf. 1. 12S. 

foribus : in poetry the preposition with the abl. of place, from -which, 

and ace. of place, /0 which (end of motion), is often omitted. 11. 410, 

3, 466 (380, II, 3, 412, II, a); M. 5x8; A. 428, g; G. 337, n. 1, 
391, n. 3; B. (8a, 4- 
154. spatiantibus : in agreement with illis; to be supplied as dat. of agent 

with errandum : and that they may not (be obliged to) miss eaJ; , 



P. 23] NOTES I25 

155. conveniant: in the same construction as relincfuant and temptent. 

busta : see the derivation of this word in the vocabulary. This was a 
splendid tomb of great size, which Semiramis built, in honor of her 
husband, at some distance from the city. 

157. fonti: H. 434 (391, I); M. 536; A. 384; G. 359; B. 192, 1. 

158. lux: daylight. 

visa : i.e. to the lovers. 

159. praecipitatur aquis: sinks into the waters [H. 428, 1 (380, II, 4); 

M. 540; A. 363, 3; G. 358- B. 193]; sets in the ocean. 
nox surgit : cf. Aeneid, II, 250, Ruit Oceano nox. 
161. suos: custodes, 1. 152. 

vultum : ace. of specification, a Greek construction: H. 416 (37S); 
M. 510; A. 397, b; G. y£; 13. 180. 
l62„ sedit : note the change in tense. 

164, caede : abl. of means. Render with the blood of freshly slain cattle, but 

translate also literally. 
oblita : from oblino ; cblita would be from obliviscor. 
rictus: ace. pi. For the case, cf. vultum, I. 161. 

165, depositura : the future participle is a favorite Greek construction to 

express purpose. 
168. dum fugit: observe the tense with dum here and in 1. 170, and see 

H. 533, 4 (467, III, 4); M. 917; A. 556; G. 570; B. 293. 
1 70. sine ipsa : without its owner. 

172. serius: later than Thisbe, or, perhaps too late to keep his appointment. 

173. ore: abl. of place, like foribus, 1. 152. 

176. longa dignissima vita: see how the quantity of the final a decides the 

agreement of the two adjectives. For the case of vita, see H. 481 
(421, III); M. 654; A. 418, b; G. 397, N. 2; B. 226, 2. 

177. nostra nocens anima est: my soul is, i.e. I am, the guilty one. 

178. metus: periculi. 

venires : for ut venires, a substantive clause of purpose instead of 
the prose infinitive. What common verb of ordering requires the 
subjunctive? 

179. nostrum: meum. 

182. timidi (est): predicate gen. H. 447 (402); M. 556; A. 343i b; 
G. 366; B. 198, 3: it is the part of a faint heart {merely) to wish for 
death. 
Thisbes : a Greek form of gen. 

186. quoque : cf. quoque in 1. 131, and see prose order. 

187. nee mora: and without hesitating. 

188. humo: humi, locative abl., instead of the regular locative. 

189. non aliter quam cum : a homely, but apt figure. 



126 NOTES [P. 23 

189. vitiato plumbo : ibl. abs., to be rendered from a JUm in the lead. Cf. 

vitium. 1. 1 \.\. 

190. scinditur: with the- force of a Greek middle voice: bursts. 
foramine : see note on foribus, 1. 152. 

192. arborei fetus : mora, 1. 104; cf. 1. 156. 

»culis animoque: with ail her senses. 

vitarit: indirect question. 

ut . . . sic : though . . . yet. 

visa in arbore formam : the shape of the tree prrsiously seen. 

an haec sit : (in doubt) -whether this is the one. 
202. gerens, like the Greek participle fx up » often best rendered -with. Cf. 
Aetuidf I, 315, virginis os habitumquc gerens. 

instar: really an indeclinable noun, and followed by the gen. II. 446,4 
(398, 4); A. 359, b; G. 373; B- 198, 2. 

204. remorata : i.e. an instant later. 
amores: amantem. 

205. indignos : too beautiful for such treatment. 

206. comas: cf. rictus, 1. 164. 

207. cruori: dat. II. 474, 2, n. 2; 427(385,11,3); A.4T3, a, N.;G. 348, R.; 

B. 35S, 3- 

209. mihi: from vie. II. 427 (385, II, 2); M. 539; A. 381; G. 345, R. I; 
B. iSS, 2, d. 

212. Thisbes : what case? Cf. 1. 182. For syntax, see H. 440, 4 (396, vi); 

M. 569; A. 343, d; G. 361; B. 202. 

213. visa ilia : abl. abs. : after looking at her. 

214. -que: connects cognovit with the preceding verb. 

ense : abl. with vacuum. II. 465 (414, III); M. 604; A. 402, a; 

G. 390, 3; B. 214, d. 
216. est et mihi : /, too, have. 

in: of purpose, for this one thing, i.e. destroying herself. So in the 

next line, in vulnera. 

221. hoc estote rogati: a most awkward phrase: be ye asked this. Some 

verbs of asking and teaching take, in the active, two accusatives, as 
vos hoc rogamus, we ask you tins ( instead of hoc a vobis, the com- 
mon phrase). In changing to the passive, one accusative becomes 
the Subject, hen- the Other accusative being retained. A construction 
like this is bad enough at best, but, in the imperative, reaches the 

height of awkwardn 

222. meus : used rarely for the regular vocative, mi. 

223. ut: introducing non invideatis - patiamini, to allow (literally, not 

r), a substantive 1 lause in apposition with hoc, 1. 221. 

224. tumulo : abl ol place. Set- foribus, 1. 1 5 2. 



P. 28] NOTES I2 7 

225. arbor : incorporated in the relative clause. 

230. incubuit ferro : the/*?// on his sword of the Old Testament. 

232. ater : dark, not black. 

233. rogis: H. 429 (386) ; M. 532; A. 370; G. 347; B. 187, III. 

Books of Reference. — Guerber, pp. 1 17-118; Shakespeare, Midsummer 
Nighfs Dream. 



III. APOLLO'S UNREQUITED LOVE FOR DAPHNE 

After the flood (see Selection IX), the softened surface of the earth gave 
birth to a number of strange creatures, among them the serpent Python, which 
Apollo met and slew. Elated by his success, he ridiculed the childish weapons 
of Cupid, who, in revenge, shot a dart at the god and another at the nymph, 
Daphne. In consequence of this, Apollo was filled with love for Daphne, and 
she with the opposite emotion. The love-smitten god pursued the nymph, 
but just as he was on the point of overtaking her she was transformed by 
divine interposition into a laurel tree. 

235. Cupidinis : compare this prank of the son of Venus with that described 

in the first book of the Aeneid, where, for his mother's sake, he in- 
spired Dido with her fatal love for Aeneas. 

236. hunc: Cupidinem. 

serpente : Pythone, 11. 241-242. 

237. cornua: arcum. 

238. quidque tibi (est) : what have you to do ? Que connects dixerat and 

viderat. 

242. stravimus : from sterno. 
tumidum : i.e. veneno. 

Pythona : see introductory sketch. It was to celebrate Apollo's victory 
over the Python that the Pythian games were instituted. 

243. face : not from facio. 
nescio quos : some. 

245. figat: potential subjunctive. H. 552 (485); M. 717; A. 446; G. 

257-59; B. 280. 

246. quanto . . . tanto : take the second clause first and render, as much 

{smaller) . . . as. 
cedunt : are inferior (to), about the same idea as minor est of the 
next line. 

247. deo : indirect object. 

248. percussis pennis : by the beating of his wings. 









[P. 28 



251, 



257. 



II. 44<>. 3(396, V ; M. 558; 



259. 

260. 
261. 



265. 
266. 
269. 



271. 



273- 
275- 
276. 



277. 
278. 
280. 
282. 
283. 



2S4. 




l'HOLUE 



arce : 1 f. tumulo, 1. 22.\. 
operum _-.-. lescriptive 

Apollineas: Apollinis; cf. proles Neptunia. 1. So. A derivath U 
jective a often found in Latin, where in English a p used. 

tenebris, exuviis : abl. of 

(425. II. 1, n. ; M. 629; A. 431; G. 401, 

l;. 218, 3. 
Phoebes : cf. Thisbes, 1. 182; for case see H. 
435. 4 (399); M. 573; A. 3 -, c; 1 

K. I ; cf. I!. 204, 3. 

vitta : a band, <>r fillet, worn by unmarried girls. 

illam petiere : sou& it her hand. 

impatiens viri : hating the very thought of mar- 
■ : cf. fugit nomen amantis, above. 

expers viri : unmarried. 

taedas: see 1. 127. 

ora: cf. comas, 1. 206. 

virginitate : aid. after frui. 

frui : in prose, ut fruar. 

quod optas esse : innupta. 

voto: H.426,1 (385,1); M.531; A. 3-7; G.346; B. 187, II. 

repugnat : he-cause- her beauty would bring her many suitors. 

visae : render by a relative clause, as in 1. 198. 

Daphnes: objective gen. with conubia. 

f allunt : mislead, i.e. give empty promises of success with Daphne. 

facibus : abl. of source or cause. 

nimis admovit : kindled too near. 

iam sub luce: when already it was growing light. Ovid uses the same 
figure in the Fasti I Book IV, [39-140 : Semiuslamque facem vigilata 
no, te viator Ponet. The hunter's neglect t<> extinguish his camp lire 
is the cause of many a forest lire in the North and West to-day. 

pectore toto : cf. toto ore, 1. 173. 

uritur : with the force of a Greek middle voice, like scinditur, 1. 190. 

igne : with light. 

vidisse s the subject of est. 

media plus parte: like pectore toto in 1. 277, but with quam omitted 
after the comparative plus. Render more than half What 

literally? 
siqua latent meliora putat : " hidden charms he pictures all the fairer " 

Translate also literally. 
aura: 11.471(4171; M. 615; A. 406; G. 398; B. 217. 



P. 34] NOTES 129 

285. ad : for. 

289. mihi: dat. of reference; cf. H. 425, 1 and 4 (384, II, 1 and 4); M. 537; 

'A. 376; G. 352; B. 188,2. 

290. me miserum: accusative in exclamations. H. 421 (381); M. 512; 

A. 397, d; G. 343, 1; B. 183. 
ne cadas, notent, sim: optative subjunctive; I hope yon may not, etc. 
indignave laedi : a Greek construction for the regular indignave ut 

(or quae) laedantur. Find a similar meaning of indignus in Pyra- 

mus and Thisbe. 

293. moderatius insequar ipse : truly a very handsome offer. 

294. cui placeas, etc. : i.e. stop a bit and find out zvho it is whose fancy you 

have taken. 

295. hie: adv. 

297. Delphica tellus: the regions about Delphi in Phocis, where were Apol- 

lo's most famous temple and oracle. 

298. Claros, Tenedos, Pataraea regia : all well-known temples and shrines 

of Apollo. 
301. nostra: sc. sagitta. Note the case, and cf. aura, 1. 284. 

304. nobis, cf. nostra, 1. 177, nostrum, 1. 179, etc. Lines 297-304 make a 

good memory passage, as they define Apollo's divine origin, the chief 
places of his worship, and his attributes as god of prophecy, of music, 
of archery, and of medicine. 

305. ei : not from is. 

mihi: dat. of reference; cf. mihi, 1. 289. 

herbis : abl. of means after the verbal idea in sanabilis. 

308. cumque ipso : abl. of accompaniment, Apollo and his unfinished words, 

309. visa decens : decens visu, but what literally ? Cf. visae, 1. 272. 

310. obviaque : and the gusts fluttered her resisting garments as she met them. 

What is the exact construction of obvia ? 

311. impulsos : streaming. 

312. sed enim: an ellipsis, as in Aeneid, I, 19, usually supplied in some such 

way as this : but the young god kept on, for, etc. 
315. vacuo : i.e. an open field without cover in which the hare might hide. 
317. inhaesuro similis : like one zvho is on the point of seizing. 

319. an sit comprensus : whether he is already taken. Cf. an haec sit, in 

1. 199. 

320. morsibus: dat. H. 427 (385, II, 2); M. 539; A. 381; G. 345, R. i; 

B. 188, 2, d. 
eripitur : cf. uritur, 1. 278. 

323. tergo: H. 429 (386); M. 532; A. 370; G. 347; B. 187, III. 

324. cervicibus : loc. abl. Find another example in this story. 
332. radicibus : abl. of means. 



130 NO! [P. 34 

; 3 ;. ora : object. 

nitor : a refer beautiful i of the lam 

i the derivation of this word, and cf. iu 
$yj. arbor mea : various trees were considered aacrcd to different gods, as 
the <>ak to Jupiter, the olive to Minerva, etc. 

340. te coma : see the figure of Apollo on p. 57. 

341. ducibus : cf. tergo, 1. 323. 

Triumphum : the i>u!>lic recognition <>f a general's - his re- 

turn from a successful campaign. The hero usually marched in solemn 
procession from the Campus Martius to the ( apitol, escorted by his 
victorious legions, and followed by long trains of captives and the 

spoils uf battle (here longas pompas in I. 34-;. The victor wore 
upon his brow a wreath of laurel. 

343. postibus : dat. of reference. 

344. ante fores : a reference to the two laurel trees before the palace gate of 

Augustus, supporting, as it were, the civic crown of oak leavi 
pended over the gateway. This was a wreath presented to the em- 
peror by the senate, and inscribed, " EX. S. C. ob Civis Servatos." 

345. intonsis capillis : descriptive abL 

347. Paean : different derivations are assigned to this epithet given to Apollo : 
by the Greeks it is said to mean the Archer (waiuv, striking) y or the 
Healer (iravuiv, soothing), or by some it is said to owe its origin to the 
exclamation i'e, ira 7 . (strike, my son), with which his mother urged 
him to kill the Python. 

Books of Reference. — Apollo: Age of Fable, pp. 30-33; Cox, pp. 4-6; 
Guerber, pp. 61-91; Homer's Hymn to Apollo (Shelley's translation ; Keats's 
Hymn to Apollo. Apollo and Daphne: Lowell's travesty in Fable for Critics; 
Guerber, pp. 68-70. Cupid: Guerber, p. 107; Seeman, pp. 90-93. Python: 

Age of J-able, p. 29; Guerber, p. 67; Milton's Paradise Lost, to, 531 ; Shel- 
ley s AJonais. 



IV. HOW PHAETHON DROVE ITTS FATHER'S CIIARTOT 

The Egyptian Epaphus (the son ^i [upiter and [o) denied, once upon a time, 
that PhaSthon was the son of Apollo and ( 1> mene, but asserted thai he was, on 
the 1 ontrary, the child of Merops, king of Ethiopia, his mother's husband. The 

boy resented the allegation and wished to secure proofs of his parentage from 

th<- Sun himself. He was kindly received by the Sun, and asked • use ol his 
father's 1 hariot as a prool of his paternity. Apollo consented with reluctance* 



P. 35] NOTES 131 

and after many warnings and instructions the boy set out. Soon, however, 
he lost all control of the fiery horses and set the world on fire. Jupiter stopped 
his mad course by a thunderbolt, and quenched the flames. At first the Sun 
from grief refused to light the world again, but Anally collected and pacified 
the scattered horses, and all went on as before. 

349. sublimibus columnis: in its lofty columns. 11.480(424); M. 650; 

A. 418; G, 397; B. 226, 1. So also auro and pyropo. 
35°- pyropo : an alloy of copper and gold in the proportion of three parts to 

one (Pliny, XXXIV, 94). The word itself is Greek, and means really 

flammis imitante. 

351. tegebat: the subject is ebur. The reference may be to ivory statues 

standing upon the roof. Take cuius with fastigia. 

352. argenti: modifies lumine. 

353. Mulciber: a name of Vulcan, said by the Romans to be derived from 

mulcere, soften, and ferrum. 
illic : in valvis. 

356. caeruleos : a standing epithet of sea gods taken from the color of the 

waves, but see its derivation. 
Tritona canorum : cf. 1. 1 1 74, where, too, he is called caeruleus. He 
was the son of Neptune and Amphitrite, and was the herald of the sea. 

357. Proteaque ambiguum : Vergil makes his home in Carpathos (G. IV, 

388), Homer in Pharos, near Egypt (Od. IV, 355). He was the son of 
. Neptune and Amphitrite (see Table III), or, some say, of Oceanus 
and Thetis, and could change himself at will into any shape. In the 
Odyssey (IV, 455-459): "The old man did not forget his crafty wiles: 
for first he turned into a bearded lion, then to a dragon, leopard, and 
huge boar; he turned into liquid water, into a branching tree; still 
we held firm with patient hearts." (Palmer.) 

358. Aegaeona : here a sea monster, son of Pontus and Terra, but in Homer 

(//. I, 404) a giant : — 

" The hundred-handed, whom the immortal gods 
Have named Briareus, but the sons of men 
Aegeon, mightier than his sire in strength." (Bryant.) 

359. Dorida: a sea nymph, daughter of Oceanus and Tethys; wife of Nereus, 

and mother of fifty daughters called the Nereids. The names of all 
the Nereids are given in the Theogony of Hesiod (11. 240-264), but 
the best known are Galatea, Thetis, and Amphitrite. 

360. virides : like caeruleus, used of the color of the sea. Mermaids are still 

represented in song as sitting on the shore combing their sea-green 
hair. 

361. quaedam: pars. 



132 X<> IKS [P. 35 

361. omnibus: flat, of possession with est to be supplier!. 

362. qualem : supply sed talis; qualem agrees with faciem, the omitted 

subject of esse. Cf. II. 302, 1; M. 072; A. 455, a; Ci. 535, 422, 
n. 4; B. 33°- 

3^3. terra: i.e. represented on the doors. 

366. signa sex . . . totidem : the twelve signs of the Zodiac 

foribus: in foribus. II 485,3 (425, II, n. j ■; M. 027, A. 420, 4; 
G. 3S5, N.; a 22S, .1. 

367. simul : simulac, as often in poetry. 

Clymeneia proles: used intentionally of Phaiithon, as doubt had been 
cast upon his paternity by Kpaphus. 
36S. dubitati : see introductory note. 

370. ferebat : ferre poterat. 

371. lumina : the singular for the plural, a "ery common occurrence in poetry. 

373. Dies, Mensis, Annus, etc. : not divinities, hut allegorical figures repre- 

senting the divisions of time, in attendance upon the Sun. 

374. Horae : not, as usual in poetry, the seasons, which are mentioned in 

the following lines, but the hours, as again in 1. 466. 

375. novum : because the beginning of a new year. It would be difficult to 

Hnd four better personifications than these 
figures of the four seasons. 

376. nuda : as compared with spring, which is clothed 

with blossoms and green leaves. 

377. calcatis : see a representation of this operation 

in the illustration. 

378. capillos: a Greek accusative. H. 416 (378); 

M. 510; A. 397, b; G. 338; B. 180. 

379. loco medius: medio in loco. Loco is abl. of 

. . Treading out the 

specification. .Ira,,, 

novitate : expresses cause. 

The prose order: Inde Sol loco medius oculis quibus omnia adspicit 

iuvenem novitate reruni paventem vidit. 

380. oculis quibus adspicit omnia: in another place (Met. IV, 172), Ovid 

says: Vidit hie deus omnia primus. 

3<rt. que: belongs really with ait. 

tibi : DOBS, dat. 

hac arce: like foribus, 1. 366. 
382. parenti: dat of agent. Cf. nulli, 1. 91. 

387. animis: dat., like morsibus, 1. 320. 

nostris: meis. 
390. negari : see note t 1 vivere dignus, 1. 74. 
392. quoque i (nut quOque) ana that. 




P. 38] NOTES 133 

394. dis : like parenti, 1. 382. 

palus : the Styx, the sluggish river of the under world. Cf. Odyssey, 
V, 185, "The downflowing water of the Styx, which is the strongest 
and most dreadful oath among the blessed gods" (Palmer), and 
Aeneid, VI, 323, Stygiamque paludem, Di cuius iuvare timent et 
fallere numen. 

ocuhs incognita : i.e. unvisited by the sun. 

395. rogat: sc. cum. 

396. alipedum equorum : objective gen. 

397. paenituit iurasse patrem: what is a literal translation? 

399. VOX mea . . . tua (voce) : my promise has been proved rash by your 

request. 

400. negarem : the apodosis of an unreal present condition, whose protasis 

is to be supplied from liceret. 

402. quae : such as, hence followed by a subjunctive of characteristic. H. 591, 

2 (500, 1); M. 836; A. 537, 2; G. 631 j B. 284, 2. 
viribus: A. 228; H. 429. 

403. munera : belongs with both magna and quae. 

404. quod : id quod. So in 1. 405. 

406. placeat : sc. ut. That is, each of the other gods may have as high an 

opinion of his own powers as he pleases. 

407. axe : by synecdoche for curru. 

409. fera: modifies which word? Determine by scansion the quantities of 

final a in this line. 

410. agat: potential subjunctive. H. 552 (485); M. 717; A. 446; a; G. 

257-259; B. 280. 

411. prima: like imus, summus, and some other superlatives, often denotes, 

as here, not the first, but the first part of. So ultima, in 1. 415. 
qua : abl. cf the way by which. 
413. Render: unde saepe mihi ipsi mare et terras videre fit (= est) timor. 
The real subject of fit is videre, while timor is pred. nom. 

415. moderamine certo : a firm rein. Eget usually takes the abl. For 

gen., see H. 458,2 (410, V, 1); M. 594, 603; A. 356; G. 383; 
B. 212, 1. 

416. Order : Tunc etiam Tethys ipsa, quae me, etc. Tethys was the greatest 

of the sea goddesses, the wife of Oceanus, mother of Clymene, grand- 
mother of Phaethon. See Table III. 

418. quod: the fact that. 

420. in adversum : i.e. the sun is moving constantly from east to west, while 
the heavens, with all the stars, are whirling constantly from west to 
east. Nitor shows the difficulty of the Sun's course, which is directly 
opposed to the movement of the heavens. 



[P-38 
423. axis: this is sometimes taken, |9 in 1. 4071 fol the chariot of the >un, 

but more probably refen lo the swift motion of the heav< 1 

425. concipias : cf. audieris, 1. 1. 

426. formasque ferarum : i.e. some of the constellations, or perhaps the 

Signs of the Zodiac, eight of which are animals. 

427. ut : granted that, tlu u 

42$. adversi : pointing toward the east. In his anxiety to dissuade PhaSthon 
fruin his perilous undertaking, the Sun is describing, not a single < lay's 
journey, which Phaethon hail in mind, hut his course in a whole year. 
He docs not, on any given day, come in contact with all the creatures 
mentioned below. 

429. Haemoniosque arcus: by metonymy for the archer himself, or Sagitta- 
rius. A number of writers besides Ovid consider this the Centaur 
Chiron, a Ilaemonian, i.e. a Thessalian. A good account of Chiron 
will be found in Mr. I). O. S. Lowell's Jason's Quest. 
Leonis : said to be the Nemaean lion, killed by Hercules and raised to a 
place among the stars by Jupiter. 

431. aliter: i.e. the Scorpion faces the east, while the Crab points to the 

west. 

432. tibi : dat. with in promptu, which practically = facile. Cf. II. 434, 2 

(390; M. 536; A. 383; G. :w)\ 1'.. 192, 1. 
ignibus : abl. of specification, modifying animosos. 
435- habenis: 11.426(385,1); M. 531; A. 367; G. 346; V, 1S7, II. 
436-437. Order: At tu, nate, cave ne funesti muneris sim tibi auctor, votaque 

tua corrige dum res sink. Notice the odd position of -que in 1. 437. 

What does it connect? 
43S. sanguine: take with genitum. II. 469,2 (415); M. 609; A. 403, a; 

G. 395; B. 215. 
440. pater esse probor : me esse patrem probo. 

444. eque tot ac tantis : bring up bonis from the line below. -Que connects 

posce with circumspice. 

445. patiere : not an infinitive. 

446. vero nomine : abl. of specification. 
440. nedubita: in prose ne dubitaveris. 

undas : per undas. In poetry the ace. is found with verbs of swearing, 
in reality a ('.reek construction. 

451. dictis : like habenis, 1. 435. 

452. currus : objective gen. 

453. qua: quoad, as long as. 

454. Vulcania : an adjective, as common in poetry, instead of a gen. Sec 1. 50 
457. gemmae: i.e. other gems besides the tops 

455. repercusso Phoebo : abl. absol., reflecting tiu Sun. 



P. 40 J NOTES 135 

459. magnanimus : with probably a reference to his too great a display of 

spirit in the present instance. 

460. rutilo . . . purpureas . . . rosarum: so in Homer it is "rosy-fingered 

Dawn, daughter of the morning," who heralds the approaching day 
(Od. IX, 437). Notice the other details of this beautiful description 
of the coming of morning. 

461. rosarum: i.e. of rosy light. 

463. Lucifer : the morning star, probably Venus. 

466. Titan: the sun god, so called because descended from Hyperion or 

Coeus, one of the Titans. 
Horis : cf. 1. 374. 

467. celeres : celeriter. 

ignem vomentes : see above, 11. 432-433. 

468. ambrosiae : the food of the gods, as nectar was their drink. In Homer, 

also (//. V, 777), ambrosia is spoken of as the food of the horses of 

the gods. 
suco: abl. with saturos. H. 477 ,11 (421, II); M. 651; A. 409, a; 

G. 405, n. 3: B. 218, 8. 
praesaepibus : cf. statione, 1. 463. 

471. flammae: with patientia. H. 451, 3 (399, II); M. 574; A. 349, b, 

N. 1 ; G. 375 ; B. 204, a. 

472. comae: dat. H. 429 (386); M. 534; A. 370; G. 347; B. 187, III. 
luctus : like currus, 1. 452. 

474. monitis, stimulis, loris : the first two datives [H. 426 (385, 1) ; M. 531 ; 
A - 367; G. 346; B. 187, II], the last ablative [H. 477, I (421, I); 
M. 646; A. 410; G. 407; B. 218, 1]. 

476. volentes : properare volentes. 

477. directos arcus: the five great circles; straight across, as opposed to 

Obliquum, in the following line. 

478. limes : the Ecliptic, which lies within the limits of the Torrid and the 

two Temperate Zones, the trium zonarum of 1. 479. 

480. Arcton : the constellation of the Bear placed near the North Pole. This 

is said to have been Callisto, the daughter of Lycaon, changed by 
Juno into a bear, and afterward numbered by Jupiter among the stars. 

481. hac: sc. via, i.e. along the Ecliptic. 

483. nec preme : cf. ne dubita, 1. 449. 

484. altius egressus : conditional, if you go (out of the proper path) too high. 
486. dexterior: dextera; so also sinisterior for sinistra. Construe both 

with rota. 
Anguem : the Hydra placed as a guard over the apples of Hesperides, 
and slain by Hercules. Juno placed it in the heavens extended 
between the two Bears, hence in the north. 
TERM OF ov. — 9 



136 NOTES [P. 40 

4S7. pressam Aram: ■ constellation t< ward the s.>uth Pole, n<>t far from the 

tail of Scorpio. Hire tin- Titans were said to hnv<- formed their league 

QSt the gods. It is called "sunken" I .rlv out ut 

and in fact, in northern latitudes, is nev< 1 re the horizon. 

iuae iuvet : bc. ut. u in 1. | hop* opto » m 

490. Hesperio in litore: not a definite place, but the shores ».| the Western 
or Atlantic Ocean, the goal which both Day and Night reach in their 
daily journey. This point Night has reached (tetigit, finishing her 
course, so that now it is time for the Sun to begin his course. 
495. solidis sedibus 1 terra firma. For case, c£ foribus. 1. 306. 
497. Order: sine me lamina terris dare, quae (luminaj tutus spectes (relative 
clause of purpose), 
sine : not the preposition. 

499. contingere : the infinitive, depending on gaudet, where in prose a causal 

clause would be expected. 

500. grates : a more formal expression than the familiar gratias. 
inde : from his commanding position on the chariot. 

501. Notice the appropriateness of the names of the Sun's horses, derived from 

Greek words, meaning respectively fire, dawn, blaze, and flame. They 
might be rendered, perhaps, Firebrand, Sunrise, Blazer, and Scorcher. 

504. Tetbys : as the Sun rises apparently from the sea, it is a sea divinity 

who unbars the way for the start, 
nepotis : see note to 1. 416. 

505. facta est copia mundi: cf. our phrase, "the freedom of the city was 

given." 
50S. isdem de partibus : i.e. from the east. 

509. quod cognoscere possent : subjunctive of characteristic. H. 591, 1 

(503, I); M. S36; A. 535; G. 631, 2; P.. 283. Render tuch as they 
could fie I. Not that I'haethon was particularly light, but divine bodies 
were greater than human, in weight as well as size, 

510. iugum: standing, like axes in 1. 496, for currus. 

512. levitate: abl. of cause. 

513. onere : abl. of separation. II. 465 (414, III); M. 604; A. 402, a; 

G. 390, 3; B. 214, 1, d. 

514. currus: subject of dat and succutitur, as well as of est. 
516. quo prius : sc. currebant. 

518. nee si sciat, imperet : a condition in the form of a vague future sup* 

position, where m prose a past unreal (pluperfect subjunetb 
perhaps a present Unreal (imperfect subjunctive), would be required, 
as the preceding verbs are historical presents. 1 he present sub- 
junctive implies that the supposition is still possible. Cf. 1. 523, 
where the imperfect is used. 



P. 44] NOTES 137 

521. timore: like levitate, 1. 512. 

523. mallet : an apodosis of some suppressed present unreal condition, like 
if it were not too late or if it were possible. 

525. Meropis : sc. filius. Merops, it will be remembered, was Clymene's 

husband, and was considered Phaethon's father. From his present 
height the lot of a living mortal seemed much more attractive to the 
young man than that of a dead divinity. A living mouse is better 
than a dead lion. 

526. Order : ut pinus borea praecipiti acta, cui rector suus frena victa re- 

misit. 

527. frena : the metaphor is taken from a chariot. 

528. faciat : a deliberative subjunctive, what is he to do ? H. 559, 4 (484, V) ; 

M. 723; A. 444; G. 265, 446; B. 277. 
530. illi fatum contingere non est : he is not permitted to reach, but translate 

also according to the construction. 
534. vario : diversified (with constellations) . 
538. porrigit, etc. : in early astronomy, Scorpio occupied at first the space 

of two signs; later, the constellation Libra was given the space taken 

up by the claws. 
541. gelida: chilling. 

formidine : cf. levitate, 1. 512. 
545. hac : sc. via, correlative with qua. 

548. spatio : locative abl. 

549. suis : sc. equis, abl. of comparison with inferius. 

Luna : Diana, sister of Apollo, who is represented as driving a chariot 
corresponding to the Sun's. In another place (7'rislia, I, 3, 28), 
Ovid says, Lunaque nocturnos alta regebat equos. 

551. ut quaeque altissima: in proportion as each {part) is highest, i.e. in 

the order of its height. 

552. sucis ademptis : abl. absol. 

554. damno: dat. of end. H. 425, 3 (384, II, 1, 3); M. 548; A. 382; G. 

356; B. 191. 

555. moenibus : i.e. tectis. 

561. ore trahit: breathes in, inhales. 

564. puea caligine : a good illustration of what is meant by " pitchy dark- 
ness"; the smoke is so dense that the very chariot itself which gives 
light to the world cannot make itself seen. 
566. ranguine vocato : abl. absol. 

credunt : i.e. it is thought. 
569. fontesque lacusque : ace. 
572. coniuge: Proserpina. 

regem : Pluto, ruler of the under world. 



33 



W 'IIS 






575- Cycladas : usc<l here for islands in general. Observe the short tmal as, 

and lee Helps to Scansion. ( i. delphines, 1. 577. 
577. consuetas : i*e. as they were accustom 
577. Nerea : - d "f Pontna and Terra, the prophetic < 'Id Man of th 

wise, just, and truthful to a fault. His general abode was in the 
an Sea. See also note to 1. 359, and Table III. 
583. ut erat circumdata : surrounded as she was. ' l 1. 354. 
5N4. fontes : in apposition with aquas. 

555. viscera : ace. from the idea uf motion in condiderant. 
matris: Telluris. 

556. COllo : take with tenus; raised as far as the neck. Order: Tellus . . . 

arida vultus oppresses collo tenus sustulit. 
58S. infra : inferius, 1. 549. 

590. si placet hoc : sc. tibi. 

591. liceat : subjunctive of appeal, 
periturae : {if I am ) destined to perish. 

592. auctore : i.e. by thinking of you as its author, rather than the stripling 

who drove the chariot. 
594. crines : the foliage of the forests. 
596. nunc fertilitatis honorem: is this the reward for (objective gt : 

fertileness? Mark the emphatic position of ^?—^ 

nunc. 

598. exerceor: with the double meaning of worked 

and -worried or vexed. 

599. alimenta mitia : as compared with frondes, the 

food of the lower animals. 

600. vobis : i.e. Jupiter and the other gods, as com- 

pared with humano generi. 
602. f rater: Neptunus. 

ill! tradita : when Saturnus allotted to him the 

rule of the sea, the heavens to Jupiter, and 

the infernal regions to Pluto. 
604. mea : equivalent to an objective gen. like fra- 

tris, - in me, in fratrem. 
C05. caeli tui : gen. with miserere. 
607. Atlas ipse: who supported the heavens on his 

shoulders. This a really an anachronism, as 

Atlas had not yet been transformed into B mountain. 

and read the story in some book of mythology. 

610. in chaos antiquum: as existing before the creation. 

61 1. rerum summae i the general ice/fire, the whole universe. 
015. ipsum : Apollinera. 




A 1 I. AS 
(Naplea Moaeum) 

See Selection X. 



P. 48] NOTES 139 

617. summam arcem : the very highest part of heaven, as in Aeneid, I, 225 : 

Sic vertice caeli Constitit. 
arduus : predicate. 
620. posset : a relative clause of purpose. 
622. ab aure : i.e. drawing back the bolt in order to hurl it with his full 

strength. 

624. expulit : a double use quite common in Latin authors : he deprived him 

of life and hurled him from the chariot. The same use of a word is 
sometimes found in English, in similar cases; as, "he lost his balance 
and his life." 

625. in contraria : sc loca. 

633. potuit: may. This is what is called a gnomic perfect. H. 538, 5 (471, 

II, 5); 744; A. 475; G. 236, N.; B. 262, B, I. 

634. patria: Ethiopia. 

diverso orbe: a different, i.e. far away, part of the earth, probably 
toward the west or north. 

635. Eridanus : a mythical river, placed by the oldest writers somewhere near 

the " ends of the earth." Later writers identify it with the Rhine or, 
with Ovid himself {Met. I, 370), with the Padus or Po. 

636. Hesperiae: see 1. 490. These naiads were Phaethon's sisters. See 

Table III. 

639. excidit : a mild pun. Cf. expulit, 1. 624. 

640. pater: Apollo. 

646. laniata sinus : tearing her bosom {i.e. of her garment) ; literally, torn 

in respect to her garment. Cf. capillos, 1. 378, and find other instances 

in what you have read. 
648. tamen : indeed. 

652. deficit orbem : fails the zuorld, i.e. is eclipsed. 
655. officium: i.e. lighting the world. 

aevi : gen. modifying principiis ; from the beginning of time. 
657. actorum: note the gen. usual with piget and similar verbs [H. 457 

(409, III); M. 585; A. 354, b; G. 377; B. 209, I], but the ace. of 

the person is omitted. 
mini : dat. of agent, limiting actorum. 

659. posse : the subject se is omitted. 

660. ipse : i.e. Jupiter. 

661. orbatura patres : in bitter irony, as if this were the usual function of the 

thunderbolt. 
663. meruisse : sc. se as the subject, the antecedent of qui. 
665. rebus: orbi terrarum. 
670. natum : i.e. mortem nati. 

obiectat : cf. our phrase, " cast in one's teeth." 



T40 



NOT] - 



[!' 49 



Tabu ii. — Tn 01 PhaI 

.IjIc) 

I crra) 



I I 

Ocean u* Icthys 

eanides 
(iix ludi 
and Clymene) 



— 1 1 

Coeus - Phoebe 

I u 

(Jupiter) 

Apollo = Clymene 
I'h.icthon 



Table IIT. — Tiif. Sea Divinities 



Uranus - Gaea (Terra) 



Occanus = Tethys Cronus = Rhea 

I 



Inachus Oceanides 
(including 
Doris and 

Clymene) 



Neptune 



I (oris 

(dau. of 
Oceanus)! 

Nereides 

(including 

— _ Amphitrite, 

Galatea. 



Pontus Gaea 'Terra) 

I 

— r 1 1 1 

Nereus Thaumas Phorcy 



Iris Harpies 



I 

Graeae Gorgons Sirens S< vlla 
Thetis) = Peleus 

I 1 I 

Proteus Triton Achilles 

Books of Reference. — Pbaethon: Age of Fable, pp. 50-59; Cox; Guer- 
ber, pp. 83-88. Aurora: Age of 'Fable, -p. 35; Guerber, p. 85; Seeman, p. 108, 



V. ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE 

The marriage of Orpheus and Eurydice is attended by portents of ill 
omen. Disaster follows almost immediately, for Eurydice is bitten by 
a serpent and dies. Orpheus follows her to Hades and by his music 
(harms the divinities below and obtains the release of Eurydice, but 
loses her again just as he reaches the upper world. 



671. 



672. 
673- 



Inde: from Crete, whither Hymen had been called to bring 
about the marriage of Iphis ami Ianthe. Hymen is often 

represented by the poets as here, clad in a yellow robe, his 

perfumed locks wreathed with marjoram, and in his hand a 

nuptial torch. 
Ciconum adoras: in Thrace, the home of Orpheus. 
nequiquam: becau e of Eurydice'a untimely death. 



P. 50] NOTES 141 

676. fax stridula: the spluttering, smoky flame was considered an 

unlucky omen. 
678. nupta nova: i.e. the bride. 

681. Rhodopeius: Thracius. 
satis: i.e. to the full. 

682. ne non umbras: in order to try the shades also. Ne introduces as 

usual a negative clause of purpose, while non negatives the 
meaning of temptaret, i.e. not to leave untried. This use of 
two negatives is called litotes. 

683. Taenaria porta: a grotto in southern Laconia, where tradition 

placed an entrance to Hades. 

684. leves populos: umbras. 

sepulcro: for case cf. viribus, 99. In the Aeneid (VI. 316) 
Charon sternly keeps away from the Stygian waters the 
inops inhumataque turba. 

Nee ripas datur horrendas et rauca fluenta 
transportare prius quam sedibus ossa quierunt. 
686. nervis: i.e. of his wondrous lyre. 
688. quicquid: i.e. whoever of us. 

692. Medusaei monstri: Cerberus, whose necks were bound with his 
mother's snakes. 
vincirem: as Hercules was said to have done. 
694. crescentes: budding, i.e. of her youth. 
697. et hie: here as well. 

et hie: even here. What is the subject of esse? 
699. vos: Orpheus is addressing Persephonen (685) and umbrarum 
dominum (686). 

706. haec: Eurydice. 

matura: of ripe age, i.e. in time 

707. iuris: for case cf. timidi, 182. 
pro: instead of, as. 

708. pro: for. 

certum est mihi: I am resolved. 
711. Ixion was stretched upon a revolving wheel. 
"Proud Ixion, doomed to feel 
the tortures of the eternal wheel." — Sophocles. 
7x2. Notice the curious punishments of these ancient sinners: Tan- 
talus (hence our tantalize) parched with thirst stood in a pool, 
his chin level with the water, which receded whenever he 
stooped to drink. Over his head hung branches with luscious 
fruits, which kept always beyond his reach. 



M 



N< >TES 






?i3- 

714. 



721. 

725- 
726. 

73i- 
732. 

733- 
735- 

739- 



741. 
742- 



744- 
748. 



iecur: i.e. of Tityus, the giant whose body covered nine acres. 

Hi 1 liver, torn daily by a great vulture, was constantly rem 
Belides: the fifty d Danaus, who were condemned to 

water in sieves or porous jars. 

Sisyphe: his task was to roll a huge stone 
to the top of a hill, whence it imme- 
diately rushed headlong down again. 

Eumenide::: by euphemism for the Furies, 
Tisiphone, Alecto and Megacra, three 
sisters who sprang from the blood of 
Uranus. They were attendants of 
Troserpina (Persephone) and their 
chief duty was to visit with remorse 
those who escaped justice. 

passu tardo: i.e. her shade still limped 
from the wound received in life. 




719. 



Bacchante 

ne flectat retr:- sua lumina: compare with this the Bible story 

of Lot's wife. 
margine: a margine. 

hie: i.e. at the very end of the upward journey, 
ne deficeret (sc. earn): take with metuens. 
quereretur: for mood cf. posses, 5. 
supremum: neuter, agreeing with vale used as an indeclinable 

noun, 
acciperet* for mood cf. possent, 535. 
qui timidus a man who is said to have been turned to stone at 

the sight of Cerberus led off in chains by Hercules. 
Olenos was turned into stone, though innocent of crime himself, 

in order to share the punishment of his wife who was changed 

to stone on account of her pride. 
Ide: Mount Ida. 
orantem: sc. vatem. 
portitor: Virgil's portitor horrendus — terribili squalore Charon, 

the navita tristis of the Styx. 
Cereris munere: in 79a Cerealia dona, /<><</. 
After the death of Eurydice the singer forsook the society of 

women and the haunts of men, and retired to the solitudes, 

to sing and sorrow among the forest tree.-. This act roused 



NOTES 143 

the indignation of the Thracian Bacchantes, who pursued 
Orpheus, and tore him in pieces. As punishment for this mad 
deed, they were turned into trees by Bacchus. The remains 
of the poet were carried down the Hebrus River to Lesbos, 
while his spirit, at length, in the shade land rejoined his lost 
Eurydice, to be no more parted from her. 

749. umbra: i.e. Orphei. 

750. arva piorum: the Ely sian fields, the home of the blest. 

753. praecedentem: sc. earn or illam. 

754. iam tuto: not as in 727, where elapsa est. 

Books of Reference — Orpheus: Age of Fable, pp. 234-238; Brown- 
ing, Orpheus and Eurydice; Cox: Guerber, pp. 75-80; Lowell, Eurydice; 
Pope, Ode for St. Cecilia's Day; Saxe, Travesty of Orpheus and Eury- 
dice; Shelley fragment, Orpheus; Seeman, p. 301; Wordsworth, The 
Power of Music. Bacchantes: Guerber, p. 176. 



VI. THE TOUCH OF GOLD 

Indignant at the treatment of his bard, Bacchus abandoned Thrace for 
Phrygia, losing Silenus, the wayward satyr, on the journey. The satyr was 
restored to his friends by King Midas, who was allowed to choose his own 
reward. He foolishly asked that everything that he touched might be turned 
into gold. This power soon became a nuisance and, by the god's favor, was 
transferred to the river Pactolus. Midas betook himself to the woods, where 
he became an admirer of the god Pan, whom he backed in an unfortunate 
musical contest with Apollo. As a reward for his bad judgment, he received 
a pair of ass's ears. These he tried to conceal, but his servant whispered 
the secret to the earth, from which reeds sprang up, and by their rustling 
exposed the whole affair. 

755. hoc: the punishment of the women described in 11. 737-754. 
ipsos agros : i.e. the region where Orpheus had been killed. 

756. Timoli: Mt. Tmolus in Lydia, famous for its vineyards, so a favorite 

haunt of Bacchus, and called sui in this line. There is another inter- 
esting allusion to this region in Metamorphoses, V, 15-16: — 
Deseruere sui nymphi vineta Timoli, 
deseruere suae nymphae Pactoliclas undas. 

757. Pactolon : a river which rises on the slopes of Mt. Tmolus, famous in 

later times (quamquam non aurea illo tempore) for its golden sands. 



'44 



NOTES 



fP-54 




SlLENUS 



75S. harenis: ibL of cause. So also annisque meroque, in 1 760, and 

adventu. 1. 765. 

hus, not Pactolns. 
760. Silenus : read an Bccount of this 

interesting personage in some 

book of mythology. 
7'> 2. Midan: a mythical king of Phrygia, 

whose character will be under- 

stood by the story which follows. 
763. Cecropis : sec Jel»l>'s Primer of 

Li reck Literature, p. 1 8. 

767. coegerat agmen : cf. 1. 462. 

768. undecimus : as, in the determina- 

tion of time, the point of depar- 
ture is reckoned in as one of the 
series, undecimus here is the tenth, and not the eleventh, day. 

769. iuveni : here an adjective, the {ever) youthful. 
772. ef&ce : sc. ut with vertatur. 

775. Liber : a Latin name of Bacchus, similar in meaning to the < '.reek epithet 

Lyaeus. 
petisset : subjunctive because the reason is given on the authority of the 
person described, not on the writer's authority. 

776. Berecyntius : as in 1. 686. 

heros : because the son of Cybele, according to some accounts. 

777. polliciti : usually deponent, but here passive. 
fidem : the reality of the (thing) promise(d). 

778. vixque sibicredens: our " scarcely believing his eyes." Prose order: 

virgam fronde virentera ab ilice detraxit. Fronde is abb of specifi- 
cation. 

782. Cereris: used for grain t as Bacchus often for wine (cf. 1. 795,auctorem 
muneris), and Vulcanus for fire. 

7S4. Hesperidas : the daughters of Atlas who had charge of the tree with 
golden apples which sprang up in honor of the wedding of Jupiter 
and Juno. Poetry in all lands and languagf3 abounds in allusions to 
this golden fruit. See Hawthorne's //'</: 
putes: cf. putes, 1. 95. 

787. eludere possit : might have deceived. Danae was the daughter of Acri- 
sius, king of Argos. ! he was imprisoned in a dungeon or, some s.iv, 
in a tower of brass, to avoid the possibility of a marriage which might 
prove her father's ruin; but Jupiter fell in love with her, and visited 
her in the form of a shower of gold, called by Ovid aureus ignis in 
MetamorphoseSt V, 113 (aureus ut Danaen Asopida luserit ignis). 






P. 56] NOTES 145 

789. gaudenti: (sc. ei), dat. of reference. H. 425, 2 & 4 (384, II, 1 & 4); 

M. 537; A. 376; G. 353; B. 188, 2. This line and the following 
remind one a little of Dido's banquet in Aeneid, I, 701-706. 

790. tostae : it was the custom of the ancients to parch grain before bruising 

or grinding it. Cf. also Aeneid, I, 1 79 : et torrere parant flammis et 
frangere saxo. 

791. sive: if . . . or if (1. 793). 

795. auctorem muneris : a rather artificial expression for vinum. See 1. 782. 

796. videres : potential. Cf. posses, 1. 3. 

800. meritus : with force of an adverb. 

ab auro : not, as it may at first sight appear, an abl. of agent, but an abl. 
of source, instead of the more usual construction of means. TVi is is 
not rare in Ovid. 

801. splendida: showing that the strange gift was beginning to show its 

effect on his person. 

802. Lenaee : another name for Bacchus, from the Greek, meaning of the 

wine press. 

803. eripe : sc. me. 

804. mite : belongs to numen, which is in apposition to Bacchus. 

deum : a contracted gen. plur. The whole phrase is equivalent to mitis 
deus. 

805. restituit : a legal term, to restore to his former estate. 

munera solvit : observe that the meaning here is exactly opposite to 
that in 1. 774, although the fundamental idea in both cases is the same, 
to loose. In the former instance the god released himself from obliga- 
tion by giving the gift, here he releases Midas by annulling it. Per- 
haps a more exact expression would have been : eum datis muneribus 
solvit. Render and as proof of the deed he 
canceled the gift which he had given. 

807. Sardibus : Sardis was north of Mt. Tmolus. 

808. undis : dat. with obvius following a verb of 

motion, as if a verb compounded with ob. 

811. crimen: because it was the result of his guilty 

folly. 

812. iussae: i.e. as bidden. 

815. Pan is represented in pictures as a curious be- 
ing, half god, half goat. His worship was con- 
nected with that of Bacchus and the nymphs. p 

817. praecordia mentis : mens. (From an A t dent Vase) 

820. hinc, illinc : Sardis was situated to the north 

of Mt. Tmolus, Hypaepa to the south. Arachne, in Metamorphoses, 

V, 13, parvis habitabat Hypaepis. 
TERM OF OV. — 10 




I4<» NOTES [P. 56 

.^ji. nymphis: dative. 

.rata: like Daedalus' wings, Tan's pipes w<.rc fastened together with 

\S.1\. 

se : i.e. suis (cantibus). 

824. sub : und , Le, ■'■ fore. 

impar : inasmuch as Apollo was the god of music. 

825. monte : locative abL 

iudex: the god of the mountain. 

826. liberat: just as a modem musician pushes back his hair from his ears, 

presumably t<> hear better. 
caerula : the effect of the dark green of the trees tempered by hazy 

distance. 

830. barbarico : not necessarily harsh, but non-Hellenic, Phrygian, SO that 

it appealed particularly to the patriotic ears of the Phrygian king, 
canenti : when he played. What is the syntax of this word? 

831. sacer : sacred, as belonging to Bacchus. See 1. 756. 
833. caput : cf. pectora, 1. 674. 

836. a laeva : i.e. in his left hand. 

837. artificis, etc. : " his very posture suggested the musician." 

83S. pollice sollicitat : read this line aloud and see the musical effect of the 

dactyls. 
839. submittere : rank below. 
842. Delius : cf. 1. 236. 

844. trahit in spatium : in other words : — 

" The god of wit, to show his grudge, 
Clapt asses' ears upon the judge ; 
A goodly pair, erect and wide, 
Which he could neither gild nor hide." (Swift.) 

It was particularly fitting that Midas should bear this peculiar badge 
of disgrace, as his ears had been the means of his unfortunate blunder. 

845. dat posse moveri: gave them the power of motion. This is a poetical 

construction. 

847. induitur : used like a dreek middle form, puts on (himself), assumes. 

What verb in the preceding Selection is similarly used? 

848. turpi pudore : abl. of cause. 

849. tiaris : a Persian cap, covering both cars and fastened under the chin. 

850. Pr<>se order: sed famulus capillos longOS Icrro rcsecare solitus hoc 

viderat. 
855. terrae haustae: i.e. the place from which the earth had been removed. 

859. pleno anno : in the fulinesi oj the year, i.e. when the proper time bad 

elapsed. 

860. agrkolam: the planter. 



P. 59] NOTES 147 

Table IV. — The Descent of Bacchus 

Inachus (see Table III) 

/ • 

Io = Jupiter 

I 
Epaphus 

I 
Libya — Neptune 

Agenor Mars = Venus 

I I 

Cadmus = Haemonia 

Semele = Jupiter 

Bacchus 

Books of Reference. — Bacchus : Age of Fable, p. 204; Guerber, pp. 174- 
182; Seeman, pp. 134-138. Midas: Age of Fable, pp. 60-62; Guerber, pp. 74, 
75, 177-179; John Lyly, the play of Midas ; Saxe, The Choice of King Midas ; 
Seeman, p. 149; Swift, The Fable of Midas ; Wonder Book. Pan: Age of 
Fable, pp. 211, 212; Guerber, pp. 74, 300, 301; Seeman, pp. 149-152. Sile- 
nus: Guerber, p. 300; Landor, Silenus ; Seeman, pp. 148, 149. 



VII. PHILEMON AND BAUCIS 

Among the stories with which the river god Achelous entertained Theseus 
and a party of friends were several in which some of the nymphs were changed 
to various objects. Pirithous, the son of Ixion, who was present, took excep- 
tion to the veracity of the stories; whereupon, to silence the unbeliever, Lelex, 
king of the Locrians, as a proof that the gods could in very truth change the 
forms of men, related the following incident, the truth of which was un- 
doubted. Jupiter and Mercury, traveling in disguise through a Phrygian 
town, went from house to house asking hospitality, but found none to take 
them in until they reached the cabin of two aged peasants. Here they were 
treated to the best that the house afforded, and after the modest entertainment 
revealed themselves as gods. The village with its inhospitable inhabitants was 
submerged in a broad lake, while the peasants' hut was turned into a stately 
temple, of which the pious couple were made attendants until too old to per- 
form its duties, when they were transformed into trees before the temple door. 

This is rightly considered one of the finest passages in Ovid. 



148 NOTES [P. 59 

tiliae i what case? 
8oj. collibus: abl. of pi 
S07. Atlantiades: Hennea Of Mercury, son 0/ Jupiter and Maia, the daugh- 

tct of Atlas. 
cad-jcifer: in his capacity but now he I 

aside his caduceus \\ ith his v. rtal di>guise. 

b-2. ilia: notice the case, and cf. collibus, 1. 

874. nee iniqua : et aequa. 

875. necrefert: not from refero, ha. perhaps for resfert; render it makes 

no difference whether, etc., followed by an indirect question. 
877. penates : household gods t zo household ox hou . 
S7S. submisso vertice : stooping, 
8S0. quo : in quod. 
8M. foco : ahl. of separation. One could not wish for a more perfect word 

picture than this homely little sketch of Baucis at the liresi ic 
883. anili: i.e. feeble. 
886. Prose order: holusque, quod coniunx suus riguo ex horto conlegcrat, 

foliis truncat. 
8S7. foliis : abl. of separation. 
888. sordida: with the smoke in which it hangs. The tignr is nigro foi the 

same reason, 
suis : not from suus. 

891. medias horas: i.e. while the bacon is being softened and cooked. 

892. de : here with the ablative of material. 

893. tecto : dat., but sponda pedibusque, descriptive abls. Here lecto refers 

to the couch as a whole, torum, sponda, and pedibus to the various 
parts. 

895. et : even. 

896. non indignanda : i.e. quite in keeping with. Lecto is dat of agent, as 

the use of indignanda strictly implies a personification. 

897. accubuere : Ovid is perhaps introducing here the more luxurious cus- 

toms of his own times, rather than the simple habits of the earlier 
period. 

898. tertius pes: the fact that the table had three legs was in itself a sign of 

poverty. In Ovid's time the rich had tables with one large central leg, 
901. bicolor; green and black, or perhaps dark green. This Phrygian dinner 

was a regulation Roman ban. put <>n a small scale, though quite sim- 
ple as compared with most Roman menus. First fruit and herbs, then 
the solid viands, and lastly the- dessert 

904. non acri \ no I ng, 

905. fictilibus: in fictilibus. 

eodem argento : descriptive abl., of the same hind of plate, i.e. fictilibus. 



P. 62] NOTES I49 

907. pocula qua . . . : smeared with yellow wax on the inside. What liter- 

ally? This was done to make a smooth surface, and to a certain 
extent to keep the " silver " from being dissolved by acids. 

908. calentes : take with epulas (the boiled bacon and vegetables mentioned 

above). 

909. nec longae senectae: because cheap; new wine only would be within 

the means of the poor. 
rursus : the wine had been brought in apparently after the first course, 

and was now presented a second time with the second course, and set 

aside to make room for the dessert, as the table was too small to hold 

so many things at the same time. 
911. hie : i.e. in the dessert. 
913. purpureis vitibus : the epithet purple belongs in reality to uvae, though 

it goes grammatically with vitibus. This is a form of enallage. 

915. nec iners pauperque : by litotes both active and generous. 

916. cratera: a Greek form of ace. With this incident cf. the miracle in 

1 Kings xviii. 16, where "the barrel of meal wasted not, neither did 
the cruse of oil fail." 

920. nullis paratibus : lack of preparation. Paratibus is a rare form. 

921. custodia: for the concrete custos, as tutela in 1. 948. In general the 

Romans valued geese for their watchfulness, since the time when the 
cackling of the sacred geese saved Rome. Elsewhere {Met. XI, 598) 
Ovid says : — 

Nec voce silentia rumpit, 
sollicitive canes canibusve sagacior anser. 

923. ille: anser. 

aetate : abl. of cause with tardos. 
927. immunibus : dat. to agree with vobis by attraction, as common in the 

case of licet. It might have been immunes : vobis esse dabitur 

huius mali (vos) esse immunes. 

931. nituntur longo vestigia: notice how the slow, hard climb of the old 

people is shown by the spondees. 

932. summo : a summo clivo. 
semel missa : at a single flight. 

933. mersa : sc. esse. Cf. the tense with that of manere. 

936. Prose order .- ilia casa vetus, parva etiam duobus dominis, in templum 

vertitur. 
dominis : dat. of reference. 

937. furcas : forked or Y-shaped timbers which supported the roof. 
939. tellus: solum. 

946. auferat, videam, sim : optative subjunctive. 11.558(484,1); M. 710, 
711 ; A. 441; G. 260; B. 279. 



150 N ' ( TES [P. 62 

ab ilia: the dat. would he- men- common. 
isus loci: i.e. the events which bad taken place there, 
tbdita: :'.-.::': . t kida v, a rather common proleptic me of the 

participle, which have been pointed out before. 

de gemino corpore : made from the two bod\ 
truncos : cf. the opening lines oi this story. 
961. cura pii dis sunt : . 1 Samuel ii. 30, •• For them that honor me I will 
honor, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed." 

Books of Reference. — Philemon and Baucis Fable, pp. 62-65; 

Gnerber, pp. 43, 44; Swift, travesty uii Phi Union and Baucu ; Wonder Book* 






VIII. THE IMPIETY AND PUNISHMENT OF NIQBE 

As a result of her boasting herself superior to Minerva in weaving, the 
maiden Araehne had been changed by the goddess into a spider. But Niobe, 
daughter of Tantalus, not warned by the* fate of Araehne, acted in a similar 
manner, elated over her happy lot as the mother of seven sons and seven 
daughters, while the goddess Latona had only two, Accordingly she endeav- 
ored to have her own name honored above that of the goddess. The injured 
divinity called to her aid hei two children. Apollo and I liana, who in a single 
day put to death, the one all her sons, the other all her daughters. In the 
midst of her sudden grief, Niobe became a marble fountain oi unceasing tears. 

963. vestibus : from her Phrygian garments, interwoven with gold. The 
Phrygians at this time had brought weaving to a high degree of per- 
fection. Strictly, auro is the aid. of cause, while vestibus is a dat. 
depending upon it. 

966. alta : i.e. hnuehty, erect. 

<^(i"J. auditOS : i.e. merely heard of 

969. Tantalus: a king of Phrygia, son of Jupiter. Read the account of his 

sin and punishment in some book of mythology. 

970. SOli: dat. This statement of Niobe was not strictly true, as there are 

a number of other instances where the same Favor was granted. 

971. Pleiadum soror: the Hyades were daughters of Atlas and sisters of the 

Pleiades. 

973. avus, SOCerO : Jupiter was father oi Tantalus as well as oi Amphion, 

Niobe's husband, See Table V, 

974. me: abL in apposition with domina. instead of the reverse, sub me 

domina. Niol e claims as hers the honor due both her father and her 

husband. 



& 66] NOTES 151 

974. regni Cadmi : Cadmus was the founder of the citadel of Thebes, though 

Amphion built the city itself and was its ruler. 

975. fidibus : read in some book of reference the story of Amphion. 

978. accedit: the same use of the word occurred in 1. 915. 

979. digna dea : not in the same case. How does scansion aid in deter- 

mining the cases? 
982. neget, dubitet : deliberative subjunctive. H. 559, 4 (484, V); M. 723; 

A. 444; G. 466; B. 277. 
984. quam cui possit : (subjunctive of characteristic) quam ut mihi. 

986, excessere : have gone beyond, i.e. cut off all chance of. 

987. huic populo: dat. of separation with demi. H. 427 (385, II, 2); M. 

539; A. 381; G. 345, R- 1; B. 188, 2, d. 
natorum : appositional gen. 
989. turbam : used in scorn. 

qua quantum . . . orba : how much does she differ from a childless 
woman? That is, she might as well have no children at all as to 
have two only. 

991. ponite: deponite. 

992. quodque licet : i.e. the only thing that they could after Niobe's sweep- 

ing prohibition. 

995. VObis animosa creatis : proud in having borne you. Cf. Aeneid, I, 

502 : Latonae taciturn pertemptant gaudia pectus, as she sees Diana 
moving like a queen amid her attendant nymphs. 

996. cessura : disposed to yield. 

997. dubitor: i.e. it is doubted, doubts are felt (concerning me). Cf. a simi- 

lar use of probo in 1. 440. 

1000. adiecit : as we say, " added insult to injury." 

1002. linguam paternam : like her father, she seemed to be unable to con- 
trol her unruly member. 

1004. longa : belongs with querella : longa querella est mora poenae. 

1006. Cadmeida arcem : see 1. 974. 

1008. adsiduis pulsatus equis : adsiduo pulsatus equis : continually beaten 

by horses. 

1009. mollierat : i.e. into dust. 

1010. genitis Amphione: sons of Amphion. H. 469, 2 (415, II); M. 609; 

A. 403, a; G. 395; B. 215. 
ion. SUCO: the purple dye for which the Tyrians were famous, made from 

a kind of shellfish. 
IO13. qui . . . fuerat: who had been the firstborn of his mother. 

1018. armo : i.e. of the horse. 

1019. audito sonitu: cf. Iliad, I, 49, "Terrible was heard the clang of that 

resplendent bow." (Bryant.) 



15-^ NOTES [P. 66 

1021. pendentia: from the yards. 

rector: bc navis. 
qua : qua parte, 
ut erat : just as kt 

solito labori : tkrit doily practice in riding 
1030. nitidae : use. I of the wrestling place hat belonging properly to the 
wrestlers, whose bodies arc anointed with oil 
suprema lumina : th t lost time. 

103c exhalarunt : a doable spondee, making a spondaic line. Compare th« 
effect ol the slow movement here, as the brothers draw their las- 
breath, with the galloping dactyls of 11. 1008 and 1009. 
1037. laniata: cf. abdita, 1 
1039. illi : dat. of reference. 
1043. Prose order : at vulnus non simplex intonsum Damasichthona adticit. 

intonsum : i.e. youthful. 
1047. pennis : with tenus. Remark how terms follows its case. 
1050. profectura : cf. the use of the future participle in il. 816 and 996. 
1052. non omnes : only Latona and her children needed to be propiti- 
ated. 

1057. certam fecere: certiorem fecerunt. 

1058. mirantem (deos superos hoc) potuisse: wondering that the gods had 

ba n able to do this. 

1059. essent, haberent : informal indirect discourse. H. 58s, II (516,11); 

M. 851; A. 540, 2; G. 539; a 2S6, I. 

1061. luce: vita. 

1062. heu quantum: cf. 1. 989. Notice the arrangement of words here. 

1064. resupina: observe that the meaning differs from that in 11. iSS and 

578. 

1065. suis: dat. with invidiosa; hut hosti is dat. of agent. 

1068. liventia : the effect of beating herself as an expression of grief. 
1 pascere : imperative. 

1072. efferor: literally, ram carried out (to the grave), the regular word in 
mection with funerals. The meaning is clearly, f die seven times 
in the death of my children. 
1075. arcu : probably of Diana, who had gone to Thebes with her bn the r to 
list in avenging their mother's insult. 

1077. cum vestibus atris . . . demisso crine: these were the usual si^ns 
of mourning among the ancients. Cf. the mourning of the nymphs 
in 11. 718-719. And again of the dryads in Metamorphoses, Wll, 
77 S_ 77 m:_ 

( Imnes germanae ( lererem cum vestibus atris 
macientes .idsunt. 



P. 71] NOTES 153 

1080. imposito : take with ore, pressing her lips upon her brother, to kiss him. 

1084. videres : potential subjunctive 

10S6. ultima restabat : see the illustration. 

1089. pro qua : the antecedent of qua is the omitted subject of occidit. 

1093. genis : in genis. 

1094. ipsa . . . congelat : cf. the similar transformation in 1. 730. 

1095. posse moved: cf. 1. 845. 
1099. patriam: Phrygia. 

montis: Mt. Sipulus in Lydia, where, according to Pausanias, the 
mountain side resembled the colossal figure of a weeping woman. 
There was also a fountain on the mountain, which had the property 
of turning objects to stone. 

Table V. — The Descent of Amphion and Niobe 

Jupiter 

Jupiter = Antiope Tantalus = Dione 

(dau. of the I (dau. of 

river god | Atlas) 

Asopus) I ; 

Amphion ==^^= Niobe Pelops 

seven sons and seven daughters 

Books of Reference. — Niobe: Age of Fable, pp. 136-139; Guerber, 
pp. 93-96. Latona: Cox; Guerber, pp. 61-62; Seeman, pp. 203-206. 



IX. THE FLOOD 

After the iron age the people of the earth became so depraved that the 
gods decided to purge it thoroughly by means of a flood. When this was 
done, only two living beings were left, — Deucalion and Pyrrha. Like 
Philemon and Baucis, they were saved by their goodness, and through the 
aid of the oracle of Themis repeopled the earth by means of stones, which, 
when thrown over their heads, became human beings. 

1101. placet: sc. ei (Iovi). 

sub undis : read in connection with this the account of the flood in 
Genesis. 
1 103. Aeoliis in antris: cf. Aeneid, I, 52-54: — 
Hie vasto rex Aeolus antro 
luctantis ventos tempestatesque sonoras 
imperio premit ac vinclis et carcere frenat. 



154 NOTES [P. 71 

1 103. aquilonem: which bi Id and <lry weather, while the south 

Wind was siij 1 to cause rain. 

1 104. inductas: sc. caelo. 

1 106. vultum: f<»r the case, c£ pectora, 1. '-74. So also colores, 1. mi. 

1107. capillis: ex capillis. So fronte for in fronte. Find as many other 

instances of this as you can, in what you have read. 

1 1 1 jr. concipit Iris: according to the ancients, the rainbow itself drew water 

and then gave it hack to the earth in rain. 
iir4. vota: the "hopes" of the farmers, the ahstract being used fur the 

concrete, as in 1. 921. 

1 1 15. Iovisira: Iuppiter iratus. 

1 1 16. caeruleus frater: Neptune. For the epithet, see also 1. 356. 
111S. hortamine: al>l. with utendum; sc. mihi. 

1120. domos : the fountains, the homes of the river gods. 

1 121. immittite habenas, ora relaxant, defrenato: all strictly applicable to 

horses. Find the lines in Phaethon where the same words are used. 

1122. fontibus: dat. of reference. 

1 127. satis: distinguish carefully from satis, enough. 

1 1 28. suis: refers to penetralia, not to the subject of rapiunt. 
penetralia : really the inner part of the house, where the images of the 

gods (sacris) were kept, but here used in general for temples. 
1 130. Prose order: altior tamen unda huius culmen tegit. Huius refers to 

domus. 
1134. cymba: like fronte, 1. 110S. It is thought that Ovid, in his desire to 

bring the scene vividly before his readers, goes too much into detail 

in the lines that follow. 
1 138. si fors tulit: forte, if it happened so. 
1 140. graciles gramen : note the double alliteration in this line. 

1 143. Nereides: see above, 11. 359 and 580. 

1 144. incursant: the same word that was used in the case ofPhaethon when 

he, too, was out of his element, 
agitata: another case of " anticipation," like abdita, 1. 955. 

1145. nat lupus inter oves : a similar proceeding has been observed more 

than once in the West in case of prairie tires, when different animals 
have forgotten their natural enmities in seeking a common safety. 

1 146. vires fulminis: a reference to the force and lightning speed with 

which the boar strikes with its tusk>; the metaphor is common in 

Roman poetry. 

1 147. ablato : i.e. by the waters. 

1 151. novi : new, strong to them, with fhe idea also, nerhaps, of horrible. 

1 152. maxima pars: of nun, as well as of beasts. 

1 1 53. inopivictu: inopia victus 



P. 74] NOTES 155 

1157. verticibus duobus: in Metamorphoses, II, 221, this mountain is called 
Parnasus biceps, although there was in reality but one prominent 
peak. There are, however, twin peaks famous in antiquity in con- 
nection with the worship of Dionysus. 

1 1 59. hie: take with adhaesit, while he clung here (to the peak). 

1 160. consorte tori: Pyrrha, daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora. 

1 161. Corycidas: so-called from a cave on Mt. Parnassus sacred to the 
\ nymphs. 

numina montis : i.e. the other divinities, especially the Muses. 

1 162. Themin: the daughter of Uranus and Gaea or Terra, from whom she 

had received the Delphic oracle. It did not fall to Apollo until 
much later. Observe the Greek ace. case-ending of Themin. 

1 163. amantior: note that participles may be compared when used as adjec- 

tives. So Cicero's amantissimos reipublicae, most devoted to the 

republic. 
aequi: H. 451, 3 (399,11); M. 574; A. 349, c; G. 375; B. 204, a. 
1169. aquilone : see 1. 1103, where this wind was confined in the caves 

of Aeolus. 
1 171. posito tricuspide telo: deposito tridente, 1. 11 24. 

1 1 73. umeros: Greek ace. 

1 1 74. caeruleum: used several times before as an epithet of sea divinities. 

Triton was not only the color of the sea, but covered, like the hulk 
of an old vessel, with barnacles and seaweed. 
conchae : dat. with inspirare. 
1 1 77. undis: dat. like saxis, 1. 712. So also quibus undis in 1. n 78. The 
waves here are personified. 
telluris : i.e. those from the rivers, etc., which had covered the land. 
1 182. diem longam: long lime. Observe the gender of diem here. 

nudata : i.e. aquis, not foliis. 
1187. soror: Pyrrha's father, Epimetheus (see Table VI), was brother to 
Prometheus, the father of Deucalion; so that she was in reality his 
cousin. Compare with this line Andromache's words to Hector 

(//. VI, 429) : - 

" Hector, thou 
Art father and dear mother now to me, 
And brother and my youthful spouse besides." (Bryant.) 

1 189. turba: cf. the use of this word in 1. 989, where the number of the 

turba is the same. 

1190. haec . . . : this co7ifidence (which we have now) in our own lives 

is not yet sufficiently assured. 
1 194. modo : with long 0, so the abl. of the noun modus. The adv. modo 
has by exception short. 



1 56 res [p. 74 

quo consolante : abL to consoling would you griex 

paternis artibus .- read the storj oi Prometheus, who had made men 
lay. 

1 199. genus in nobis restat mortale: nos duo turba sumus, 1. 1189. 

1201. placuit : bc. eis. . 

1202. per sacras sortes .- a general expression for consulting the oracle. It 

does not here mean necessarily casting l"ts. 

1203. Cephisidas: see on a map that the Cephisns Bowl very near to the 

base of Mt. Parnassus. 

1204. ut, sic : see in the vocabulary the peculiar meaning of these words. 

1205. inde: ex Cephiso. 

libatos : consecrated by pouring out a little in honor of a god, or per- 
haps here used in the rare sense of drawn, taken up. The act was 
one of purification, before entering the sacred presence of the oracle. 

1 21 2. victa : moved, won over. 

1213. Themi : die and the punctuation indicate the case of this word, a 

Greek form. 

1 214. mersis rebus: the flood-swept world. 

1220. det : indirect discourse after rogat for the imperative of the direct dis- 

course. She asked pardon because parere recusat. 

1221. iactatis ossibus: abb absol.; but render u oy throwing her 

No worse act of impiety than this could be thought of by the 
ancients. 

1222. caecis obscura latebris: shrouded in dark mystery. 

1225. fallax est sollertia nobis: my skill is at fault. 

1226. oracula : the subject of both verbs. 

1227. lapides . . . ossa reor dici : / think that stones are called bones, i.e. 

that stones are meant by bones. 
1229. Titania: both Pyrrha and Deucalion were the grandchildren of 
[apetUS, who was a Titan. See Table VI. 

1233. sua post vestigia: post terga sua. 

1234. Credat, sit : present subjunctive where an imperfect would be looked 

for, as in 1. 518. 
nisi sit: i.e. if it had not been believed for ages. 
1236. mora: by delay, i.e. after a time. 

1238. ut . . . sic : cf. 1. 1204: though some form of a man, yet not clearly 

outlined, can be mad out. 

1239. de : in the case of. 

1241. Prose order: quae pars ex illis aliquo suco rait umida et terrena, ea 

ia est. 

1242. in corporis usum : i.e. to be used as Reah. 



P. 77] 



NOTES 



57 



Table VI. — The Descent of Deucalion and Pyrrha 

Uranus = Gaea (Terra) 
I 
Iapetus 

I 



Epimetheus = Pandora 
I 
Pyrrha = 



Aeolus 



Prometheus = Clymene 



Atlas 



I 
Hellen 



Xuthus 



Dor us 



Achaeus 



Ion 



Deucalion 



f Progenitors of the Hellenes 
I Aeolians 
{ Dorians 
I Achaeans 
I Ionians 



Books of Reference. — Deucalion and Pyrrha : Age of Fable, pp. 24- 
26; Cox; Guerber, pp. 36-38; Seeman, p. 190. 



X. PERSEUS AND ANDROMEDA 

Perseus, the son of Danae and Jupiter, was a hero of the type of Hercules. 
Among other wonderful exploits he slew the Gorgon Medusa, whose head 
had the power of turning to stone all who looked upon it. While on his way 
home with this head as a trophy, he asked shelter of the Titan Atlas, who 
refused, and was turned to stone for his inhospitality. Continuing his jour- 
ney, Perseus came upon Andromeda, the daughter of Cepheus of Ethiopia, 
exposed on a cliff as prey to a sea monster. He stayed his flight to kill the 
creature, and received the hand of Andromeda as his reward. At the wed- 
ding feast he related to the guests the story of the capture of the Gorgon. 

1248. viperei spolium monstri: the Gorgon Medusa, with its head of snaky 

hair. 

1249. aera carpebat: like carpe viam in 1. 809 

the air being for the time his viam. 
tenerum: tenuem. 
alis : which Mercury had loaned him for the 

flight. 

1253. colubris : take with both adjectives. 

1254. per immensum : cf. profundum, 1. n 72. 
1258. Arctos, Cancri bracchia: i.e. the extreme gorgo 

North and the extreme South. (From an Ancient Terracotta) 




158 NOTES [P. 77 

1261. Hesperio : used of any place in the unknown West, here Maurctania 
in Africa, where Atlas was king. He was son of the Titan Iapetus 
and brother of Prometheus and Epimethi ible VI . Since 

the rebellion of the Titans he had been condemned to support the 
heavens on his shoulders. 
Lucifer, Aurora i cf. 11. 461-463, 767 J 

1204. hominum cunctos : by a Greek construction for homines cunctos. 
The ace. i.s usual even in prose with praestans in the sense of cut/, 

1265. ultima: i.e. the farthest to the West. 

1266. pontus : of course the ocean called after Atlas himself, the Atlantic. 

1267. aequora subdit . . . : see 11. 416, 417. 

axes: currus, as before. The epithet is transferred as frequently in 
Ovid. So, too, in Vergil, as the familiar line {Aen. I, 108), hie fes- 
sas non vincula navis ulla tenent 
126S. illi: of his, dat. of reference. 

1269. premebant: plural, as the subject vicinia is plural in sense : no neigh- 

bors limited his land. 

1270. arboreae frondes: again, as in 11. 88-S9, Ovid describes a tree of 

golden branches and leaves, as well as fruit, though usually it is rep- 
resented as bearing merely golden apples. These apples are gener- 
ally given as belonging to the Hesperides. 

1274. rerum : rerum gestarum. 

1276. Themis Parnasia : cf. 1. 1162. 

1278. love natus : the oracle referred to Hercules, who was to kill the 
watch dragon and steal the golden fruit, but Atlas naturally under- 
stood it to be Perseus and acted accordingly. 

1283. quam mentiris : of which you falsely boast. 

longe absit : be far from {helping) you, be of no avail, hence the dat. 
tibi, rather than the abl. of separation. 

1285. fcrtia : sc. dicta. 

12S7. gratia: amicitia. 

1289. retroversus : because the Gorgon's head had the unpleasant property 
alluded to in the introductory note. Perseus had conducted opera- 
tions against Medusa by the aid Of a polished shield, in which he 
beheld the reflection Of tin- Gorgon and not herself. See 11. 1 4 1 3— 
1414. 

1296. aeterno carcere: in the caves in the Lipari islands already mentioned 

in 1. 1 103. 

1297. operum : objective gen. 

1298. pennis ligat . . . pedes: in prose pennas pedibus adligat, refer- 

ring, of COUrse, to the sandals which Mercury had loaned him. 

ille: Perseus. 



P. 8i] NOTES 159 

1299. telo unco : also a loan from Mercury, a short, sharp sword called harpe. 
accingitur : like a Greek middle verb, girds himself. 

1302. Cephea: of Cepheus, king of Ethiopia, according to Ovid's account, 

and brother of Egyptus and Danaus. 

1303. maternae linguae : Cassiopeia, queen of Ethiopia, had boasted that 

she was more beautiful than the Nereids, whereupon Neptune had 
sent a deluge upon her kingdom. The oracle of Jupiter Ammon, in 
Libya, had declared that in order to avert this calamity Andromeda 
must be exposed to the attacks of a sea monster. The girl accord- 
ingly had been chained to a rock near the sea, and it is there that 
Perseus finds her in 1. 1305. 

1306. Abantiades : Perseus, whose grandfather Acrisius was son of Abas, 
king of Argos. See Table VII. 

1309. correptus : fascinated. 

1313. requirenti: sc. mini. 

131 7. quod potuit: id quod potuit, i.e. the only thing she could do. 

1318. instanti: sc. ei, as mini with requirenti above. {To him) as he 

urged her again and again. 
sua ne . . . videretur : depends upon indicat : that she might not 

seem to wish to conceal (literally, to be unwilling to admit) any fault 

of her own. Sua is emphatic in contrast with 1. 1320. 
1320. quantaque fiducia : i.e. how much her mother had presumed upon her 

beauty. Although Andromeda wished Perseus to know that she was 

being punished for no fault of her own, she did not wish to deal 

harshly with her mother. 
1323. possidet : when taken in connection with immensa, this shows the 

vast size of the beast. 

1325. ilia: Cassiopeia. See 1. 1303. 

1 326. dignos : i.e. suited to. 

1328. lacrimarum : objective gen., corresponding to ad opem, time for tears. 

1329. vos: ace. with manere. 

1330. peterem: the imperfect subjunctive instead of the present, as, in 1. 518, 

the present was used for the imperfect. The condition is not contrary 
to fact. 
Perseus : in both this line and the next is in apposition with ego. 

1333. praeferrer: the apodosis to peterem. 
gener : as son-in-law. 

1334. et: also. 

f aveant modo : dummodo faveant. 
tempto : temptabo. 

1335. mea, mea : the first is a pred. adj. after sit; the second, abl. with 

virtute. 



160 raa [p. 81 

: MTTlta onditionaL 

dotale : an an.u li r. Miisin, as in early times the wife was purchased from 

bet parents. 
1341. Proae order: quantum medii cat a fanda plombo transmittere 

potest. < f. 1. g 
Balearica : the inhabitants elebrated in 

history for their skill in slinging, ami no army Lered com- 

plete without a body of Balearic slingers. 

1346. Iovis praepes : tin- eagle, which was sacred to Jupiter. 

1347. praebentem Phoebo : /.<•. basking in the Bunshine. 
occupat aversum : a common use of aversus. 
cervicibus : in cervice. 

1352. Inachides : Perseus, since he was horn at Argos, the first king and 

founder of which was Inachus, son of < )ceanus. 

1353. sublimis : pred. adj., agreeing with the subject of attollit, instead of 

the object. Supply se with subdit and versat. 
1357. obsita conchis : cf. the description of Triton in 1. 1 1 73. 

1 361. graves: by anticipation; so as to become heavy. Find other adjectives 

or participles used in this way. 

1362. bibulis : i.e, from the monster's blood. 
1365. eo : scopulo. 

1367. cum plausu clamor: plausus et clamor, hence a plural verb, imple- 
vere. 

1373. caput: ace. Scan, to determine the case of dura, which agrees with 

harena. 

1374. mollit : i.e. strews so as to be mollis, carpets. 

1376. recens: »>. just broken off. 

1377. rapuit: a stronger word than percepit below, expressing the sudden- 

ness of the change. 
1383. capiant ut : ut capiant, explaining the preceding line; :.<-. according 
to Ovid's natural history, coral was a plant which, springing from the 
seeds thus sown and growing beneath the water, hardened instantly 

upon exposure to the air (tacto ab aere>. 

dis tribus : the three who had aided him in his undertaking: Mercury 
had, as we have seen, loaned him his winged sandals and ka 

Minerva bad given him a helmet, spear, and shield; while Jupiter 

was his father, and had been of great moral assistance. 
1388. Alipedi : in what you have read, End several other allusions to this 
quality of Men ury. 

1390. rapit : shows the promptness with which Perseus claims his reward, 

while indotata shows hia love for her. Compare the use v( rapuit 

in 1. 1 377, and sec aote. 



P. 8 4 ] 



NOTES 



161 



1391. pra>cutiunt : at the head of the marriage precession. Here the gods 

of Marriage and Love act the part of servants. 
1394. aurea: decked with gold. 

1396. Cepheni proceres : i.e. the Ethiopians. 

1397. munere. take with fundi. 
1400. qui: Cepheus. 

1403. Agenorides : Perseus was not a direct descendant from Agenor. It is 

thought by many that this is an oversight of Ovid, due to the great 

haste with which the poem was written. Make a list of all the names 

by which Perseus is called in this chapter. 

gelido: this seems rather early for Perseus to apply this word to Atlas, 




Pegasus 



as it is only a few hours after the man was changed into a mountain. 

The description of the cave is inaccurate too, as the adventure hap- 
pened before Atlas was transformed. 
1405. sorores : the Graeae, two old women, Pephredo and Eryo, daughters 

of Phorcys and Ceto. They were said to have only one eye and one 

tooth, which they used by turns, as described. 
1408. cepisse manu : and had refused to return, it is said, until the helpless 

old women had told him how to find his way to the home of the 

Gorgons. 

141 2. ex ipsis : cf. 1. 7, teque ipsa carebis. 

141 3. Prose order : seque aere repercusso clipei, quod laeva gerebat, formam 

Medusae horrendae adspexisse. 



1 62 NOTES [P. 84 

1414. aere: the mirrors <>f the an ientf wire usually of polished brass. 

1417. matris : iu, Medusae; the winged hon 1 and the giant Q11 

ing ir->m the blood "!" NU-.iu- lestined to play an im- 

portant part in mythology. 1 le was 1 aught ami tamed by Minerva, and 
presented by her to the Mums. Afterward he became the property 
Of BeUerophon, and his companion in a number of exciting adventures. 

Table VII. — The Desceni of Peksetj uid Andromeda 

Uranus < raea (Terra) 

(). cum- Tcthys 
Inachus 

lo= Jupiter 

Epaphus 

I 
Libya = Neptune 



Agenor Belus (of Egypt) 

I 



Lynceus = Hypermnestra Danaus Cepheus = Cassiopeia 

Abas Andromeda 

I 
Acrisius 

Danae = Jupiter 

I 

Perseus 



Table VIII. — The Graeae and Gorgons 

(See also Table III) 

Pontus = Gaea (Terra) 

I 

I i 1 

Nereus 1 'horcyi ^ Ceto 

I 

Graeae Gorgons Syrens Scylb 

It will be seen, by Table III, that the more respectable members of the 
family <»f 1'ontus and Gaea were descended from Nereus, while the children 
Of Phorcyi and CetO were, taken ;is a uhwlr, a sorry lot 

Books op Ri i i rj ncb.- Perseus and Andromeda: Age 9f FabU % pp. 14-- 
150; Cox; Guerber, pp. 240-249; Kingsley*a Andromeda; Wonder Book. 
Medusa: Age of FabU t p. 141 ; Guerber, pp. J4J-244. 



NOTES 



163 



Table IX. — The Descents of the Principal Gods 

Uranus = Gaea (Terra) 

I 



Cronus = Rhea 

I 



Caeus = Phoebe 



1 r 1 1 1 1 

Jupiter Vesta Ceres Juno Pluto Neptune 

I (Jupiter) (Jupiter) 

Minerva , 

Proserpina 



I 1 1 

Hebe Mars Vulcan 



Jupiter = Semele (see Table IV) 

Bacchus 
Jupiter = Alcmene 

Hercules 



Latona 
(Jupiter) 

1 



Apollo Diana 



I 
Iapetus 



I i 1 

Epimetheus Prometheus Atlas 
I I 

Dione = Jupiter Maia = Jupiter 



Venus 



Mercury 



XI. THE SEARCH OF CADMUS 



Cadmus, son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia, goes in search of his 
sister Europa, who has been carried off by Jupiter in the form of a 
white bull. 

1422. imagine tauri: the disguise which Jupiter (deus) had assumed 
in order to carry off Europa. 
ignarus: i.e. ignorant of what had happened, 
perquirere: per orbem quaerere. 
raptam: sc. sororem. 
poenam: in apposition with exsilium. 
sceleratus: cruel toward his son, but tender (pius) toward his 

daughter. 
possit: for mood cf. agat, 410. 
aratri: like flammae, 471. 

fac condas: see that you found. H. 566 (498), A. 449 c. 
Boeotia: predicate adjective. 
vocato: the so-called future imperative. 

Castalio antro: the grotto in which the oracle of 1. 1429 was 
situated. 

1436. ire: in prose euntem. 

1437. servitii: i.e. of the yoke. 

1441. cornibus altis: abl. of cause with speciosam. 



1424. 



1425. 
1426. 

1427. 
1432. 
1434. 



1435- 



1O4 - v ' ! 

comites: obj. of respiciens. 

Notice the order of words in this line and compare with the 
chiastic arrangemenl id 1440. 
1450. densus: 

cristis et auro: (hendiadys) with cri /. of gold. 
145'). Tyria de gente profecti: men of the Tyrian 1 

longo: i.e. a\ 
1461. attonitos artus: by hypallage for attonitorum artus. 
[464. media parte: probably abl. of specification with erectus. 

1465. quanto — qui separat: as (the serpent) which lies between. 

1466. si spectes: if you sec, if one sees. 

1467. Phoenicas: take with occupat. 

1 47 1 . altissimus: i.e. at noon. 

1472. Agenore natus: Agenoris filius. For case of Agenore cf. 

sanguine> 438. 
1477. supra: i.e. stretched out over the bodies of his victims. 

spatiosi corporis: for case see note on operum, 251 and cf. 
splendenti ferro, 1474. 

1483. mota forent: mota essent; cf. coissent, 127 and notice a similar 

apodosis. 

1484. loricae — defensus: protected by its scales as by a coat of mail 
1489. dolore: abl. of cause. 

1492. ferrum: the iron head remained though the shaft of the spear 

had been broken off. 
1494. recens: fresh, additional. 

1497. ore Stygio: i.e. the depths of the earth. 

1498. orbem: object of facientibus. 

1509. plagam sedere- arcebat: kept the stroke from sinking deep. 
15 1 2. usque sequens: following up. 

eunti: sc. serpenti. 
15x3. fixaest: i.e. by the spear point. 

1 5 15. flagellari: after gemuit: groaned that its trunk was lashed 

ima parte caudae. 

1516. spatium: the huge bulk. 

1519. Notice both the alliteration and the chiastic order of this line. 
In another place Ovid tells how Cadmus and his wife wen 
in their old age changed into serpents see the story of 
Cadmus in the I of Fable). In Paradise Lost the Serpent 



NOTES 165 

is described: 

"Pleasing was his shape, 

And lovely; never since of serpent kind 

Lovelier; not those that in Illyria changed 

Hermione and Cadmus, nor the god 

In Epidaurus." 

1523. motaeque iubet supponere terrae: bade him plow the earth and 

plant in it. 

1524. incremental i.e. destined to become a nation. 

1527. fide maius: a thing incredible! What literally? 

1528. acies: here in its more literal meaning. Cf. acer, acuo, acutus, 

etc. 

1531. clipeata: for agreement cf. attonitos, 1461. 

1532. festis: i.e. on a holiday. 

1533. Another alliterative line, signa: i.e. painted on the curtain. 

At the end of the play the curtain was raised from a roller 
at the bottom, not lowered from above as with us. 

ne cape: noli capere; cf. ne dubita, 449. 

leto dederat: sc. eum, referring to ipse, 1540. 

brevis vitae spatium: for breve vitae spatium. 

matrem: terram. 

superstitibus: abl. absolute with quinque. 

humo: dative of place to which, a common construction of 
poetry instead of the ace. with ad or in. 

comites: predicate ace. with hos. 

exsilio: although an exile. Translate also literally. 

soceri: for they were the parents of Harmonia or Hermione. 

tanta: so noble. 

pignora (sc. amoris) : in apposition with nepotes. 



1537 
1541 
1545 
1546 
1547 
1548 

1550 
1553 



1554 
1555 



XII. THE FLIGHT OF DAEDALUS 



The mythical Daedalus, who had constructed the famous Labyrinth 
of Crete to contain the terrible Minotaur, lost the favor of King Minos 
and was imprisoned by him. He was released by Pasiphae, but could 
not escape from Crete, as Minos had seized all the ships on the island. 
Daedalus accordingly devised wings for himself and his son Icarus, and 
fled through the air. Icarus, however, did not obey his father's instruc- 
tions, and on his first attempt came to grief. 



[66 NOTES 

Creten: rend in the Age of Fable or some other book of 
mythology the I Daedalus and the Labyrinth. 

1500. loci natalis: i.e. Athens, from which Daedalus had fled hi 

in a lit of jealousy he had killed his nephew and pupil I'erdix. 

1562. obstruat: he (Minos) may bar. Cf. placeat, 407. 

1563. possideat: a hortatory subjunctive expressing a concession. 
1565. naturamque novat: i.e. he changes the laws of nature. 

a minima: aid. of source. 

clivo: i.e. like trees on a sloping hillside. 

putes: like putes in 784. 

rustica: cf. 822, where Pan's pipes are mentioned. 
1569. medias, imas: sc. pennas. 
1573. renidenti: beaming (with pleasure). 

1575. mollibat: for molliebat. Notice the variation of tense in this 

sentence. 

1576. manus ultima: cf. our term, the finishing touch. 

1578. mota: i.e. by his wings. 

1579. medio limite: compare with this the advice which that other 

adventurous youth received from his father: Medio tutissimus 
ibis, and later (48S), inter utrumque tene. Compare also the 
result of disobedience in that instance. 

1 58 1. ignis: i.e. of the sun. 

1582. Bobten: the Ox-driver, a constellation near Helice, the Great Bear. 

1583. Orionis: a famous huntsman accidentally killed by Diana 

and changed by her into a constellation. 
1586. maduere: sc. lacrimis. 
seniles: senis. 

1588. repetenda: renovanda. 

1589. comiti: how does this differ in meaning from comitem (timet)? 
1591. sequi: what is the usual prose construction after hortor? 

1 S9S- quique: -que connects obstipuit and credidit. 

1596. Iunonia: because Samos was especially sacred to Juno. 

1597. Samos, Delos, Paros, Lebinthos, Calymne: islands in the 

Aegean Sea. The aviators had flown first North, then Kast. 

1598. dextra: predicate adj. with Lebinthos. 
1600. caeli: objective gen. 

1604. remigio: the "oarage of his wings" mentioned by Virgil. 
1606. nomen: the [carian Sea, the waters about Samos. 
l6xr. tellus: the island of Icaria (Icaros) west of Samos. 



HELPS TO SCANSION 



The Meter. — The Metamorphoses are written in dactylic hexameter; 
that is, each verse is composed of a succession of six groups of syllables 
called feet, the unit being a dactyl, — a foot made up of one long and two 
short syllables, as forsitan [or in musical notation i 11 I. For any 
foot, however, except the fifth, a spondee [as cursiis, = i i I may be 
substituted, and the last must always be a spondee, or a trochee [as 
rumSr, = \ J \- So a complete line may be represented thus: — 

r Lrir c_r i r u\r crir u\t V 

1 2 3 4 5 6 

Rarely, as in 1. 763, a spondee is found instead of a dactyl in the fifth foot, 
when the verse is called a spondaic verse. 

Scansion. — The separation of a verse into its component feet is called 
scansion. In scanning dactylic hexameter verse the stress of voice, or ictus, 
falls upon the first syllable in every foot. The syllable receiving the accent 
is called the thesis {i.e. the putting down of the foot in keeping time) ; the 
unaccented part is called the arsis (the raising of the foot). These terms 
correspond to the downward and upward beat in music. 

Caesura. — The ending of a word within a foot is called a caesura {cut- 
ting) . Most verses contain one or more prominent caesuras, coinciding with 
a pause in the sense. The most common place of the caesura is after the 
thesis or in the arsis of the third foot, dividing the verse into two nearly equal 
parts; though it is found frequently in the fourth foot, with an additional pause 
in the second foot. When the rhetorical pause comes, not within a foot, but 
at the end of one, the separation is called a diaeresis. Occasionally it happens 
that the caesura would naturally fall after an elided syllable, as in 1. 198 : — 

utque l0|Cum ,, et vi,sa co,gnoscit in , arbore , formam. 

The caesural pause came here probably after locum, though it is often 
written after et, giving the effect of a harsh shock. 

167 



HELPS IX) SCANSION 

Elision. — In scanning, a vowel or diphthong at the end of a word is 
partially suppressed before a word beginning with a v ravel or h. u tequ e 
ipsa. This is called elision (bruising . In the same way, words ending 
in m suppress the final syllable, as faci ern et. This, howeve r, is called 
ecthlipsis (sqiteering , instead of elision. 

Hiatus. — The occasional omission of elision, as in 1. 6S7, is called hiatus 
(yawning). The effect of the succession of vowel sounds is rrected 

by a caesura] pause before the following word. 

Synaeresis or Synizesis. — Sometimes tun syllables are contracted into 
one. as nescio. This is known as synaeresis or synizesis. 

Hints in Scansion. — After one or two trials a pupil who has any musical 
instinct will be able to scan most lines at sight Some, however, will be 
compelled to scan in a more mechanical way, by separating a line into its 
feet according to the succession of long and short syllables. It will be a 
help to remember (1) that the ictus falls always on the first syllable of each 
foot; (2) that if the second syllable is long, the foot is a spondee, so that 
the third syllable also must be long, as it begins a new foot, as veloces; 
(3) if the second syllable is short, the foot must be a dactyl, hence the 
third also is short, and the fourth must receive the accent of the next foot, 
as forsitan, audieris. If now the rest of the line does not at once become 
clear, a glance at the end will often remove any difficulties, for the last foot is 
always a trochee or a spondee, and the one before it usually a dactyl — in fact, 
the last two, and often three, feet are scanned in accordance with the regular 
prose accent of the words; so that the trouble, if any, will be found generally 
in the third and fourth feet. These will be seen, on examination, to be com- 
posed of four, five, or six syllables: if four or six, they will be, of course, two 
spondees or two dactyls, and the scansion of the verse is complete; if five, 
either a spondee and a dactyl or a dactyl and a spondee, the order in most 
cases easily determined by some familiar quantity. 

The scansion of the Metamorphoses does not present very many difficulties; 
any irregularity which occurs will be pointed out in the following notes: — 

i. audi&r/'s : made long by thesis. 

9. The only rhetorical pause comes after vivit in the first foot, which is 
rather early in the line for a regular caesura. 1 he other words are too 

1 losely connected for a marked pause. 

19. There is also an important caesura in the elided syllable of the second 
foot. < 'f. the following line. Do not make a pause after et. 

30. Aonio : the- first vowel is long, retaining the quantity of the (Ireek word, 

though preceding a vowel. 

31. The < lib I caesura tails at the end of the second foot, and is therefore a 

diaeresis. 



HELPS TO SCANSION 169 

36. A strong diaeresis after the lirst foot, but no other important pause. 

43. A caesura after the ictus of the second foot, to emphasize facilem, or in 

the more common place, in the third foot. 
63. The pause after optari is rather artificial, unless we wish to emphasize 

the word. Notice the stronger pause in the first foot, which is a rather 

common thing with Ovid. 
65. Observe the diaeresis after the first foot, of almost equal importance with 

the caesura noted. 
71. As in 11. 9 and 63, an important break in the first foot. 
73- Cf. 1. 71. 
77. Cf. 1. 65. 
83. This line has no marked pause in the sense. A caesura mark may be 

placed in the second, third, or fourth foot. 

85. The strongest pause is at the diaeresis after the first foot. A slight pause 

may be made at the third foot, serving to emphasize indigenae. 

86. The caesural pause at the end of the fourth foot (really a diaeresis) is 

called a Bucolic caesura, from its frequent occurrence in Greek pastoral 

poetry. 
95. Cf. 1. 83. 
in. Like 1. 65. 
114. The pause in the third foot is an instance of weak or feminine caesura, 

as opposed to the strong ox masculine caesura in the second and fourth 

feet. In the former case the caesura comes after the first syllable of 

the arsis. Find other similar lines. 
118. The only important pause in the sense comes at the diaeresis after the 

first foot. 

198. The real caesural pause is in the suppressed syllable of the second foot, 

though sometimes written after et. 

199, 201. A Bucolic caesura. See 1. 86. 

208. Likel. 118. 

209, 210, 211, 217. Like 1. 65. 
229. Like 1. 9. 

234. Peneia : the second e is long, because it stands for the Greek e. 

239. Cf. 1. 118. 

242. A very unimportant caesura. 

243. nesc/o : a dissyllable by synizesis. 

248. Cf. 1. 63. 

249. Perhaps another example of Bucolic caesura. 

250. 266. Cf. 1. 242. 

267. The closely interlocked order of this line prevents any marked caesura. 
283. Like 1. 198. 
313. Like 1. 249. 



i;o 



HELPS TO SCANSION 



314, 316. ('(. 1. 118. 
318. Cf. I 

Like 1. 
Like 1 1 

Clynuneia: like Peneia 1. 234. 

A Long line, but easy of scansion, as all the feet but the last are 
dactyls. 
437. cave has :t long e here, like other verbs of the second conjugation; 

it is usually, however, short. 
501. An apparently difficult line, owing to the succession of vowel 
syllables. Doth the e and the o of Eous are regularly long, 
standing for the corresponding Greek vowels, but here the 
e is short, while the final syllable of Pyrois is made long by 
the ictus and caesura: — 

Intereia voluicres Pyroiis 11 et Eious 6t 1 Aethon. 

513. derl: has its first vowel long by nature from the Greek. 

516. quadriiugi: the second i is the consonant i of iugum. 

537. Scorpios: the final o is short, from the Greek declension end- 
ing -OS. 

575- Cycladds: the final as in the Greek third declension is short. 

577. delphines: because of the Greek third declension. 

582. deris: cf. 1. 513. 

636. Naides: a word of the Greek third declension. 

673. Orphed: e standing for Greek e. 

685. Persephoneri adiit: the e long, standing for a Greek e; the final 
syllable of adiit is lengthened by the ictus and caesura. 
Such a lengthening is called diastole. 

688. recidimus: e lengthened by the ictus. Cf.recidat, 1001. 

709. mihf: the i long before a strong pause. 

714. Belides: cf. delphines, 577. 

725. afuerunt: the e is short by systole. 

739. Olends: cf. Scorpids, 537. 

753. anteit: by synizesis. 

A Bpondaic line: Orgia 1 tradideirat cum 1 Cecropi 6 Euimol po. 
Notice that the final o of Cecropio is not elided. 

875. Note that the firsl e of refert is long, forming a spondee, 
Nec re f«'rt domi n«'»s, while refert, from refero, would reijuire 
another short vowel following. 

956. Thineius: like PeneM, 234, 

071. Pleiadum: cf. Thineius, 956, 
1001. recidat: cf. recidimus, 1. 688. 



HELPS TO SCANSION 



171 



1006. Cadmeida: cf. Pleiadum, 1. 971. 

1 010. Amphione: a Greek name. 

1036. A spondaic line. 

1060. See line 1010. 

1063. Ldtois: retaining the quantities of the Greek word. 

1 133. deerant: like deinde, often pronounced as a dissylable. 

1143. delphines: as in 1. 577. 

1197. O utiinam posisem: O is not elided here before a vowel. This is 

generally so in the case of prepositions. 
1203. Cephisidas: cf. Cycladds, 1. 575. 

1 2 13. Themf: with final i short, from its declension in Greek. 
1 261. Notice that a in Atlantis is long here, while above, in 1. 867, it 

is short. Cf. also 11. 1265 and 1277. 
1302. Cepheaque: like Cadmeida, 1. 1006. 

1375. Phorcynidos: with short o, according to the Greek declension. 
1406. Phorcidas: cf. Cephisidas, 1. 1203. 
141 1. The final e of -que suffers elision before the vowel which begins 

the following line. A line of this sort is called hypermetrical, 

and its joining with the succeeding line is termed synapheia. 
1455. vibrant: i short here, but long in 11. 310 and 619. Cf . retrahebat, 

1. 1508, fldgellari, 1. 1515. 

1481. magnum magno: read aloud and notice the effect of the 

juxtaposition. 

1482. illius, as often in poetry. 
15 19. Notice the chiastic order. 

1547. Echzon: like Amphfone, 1. 1010. So also Ononis, 1. 1583. 

1551. Phoebezs: cf. Cadmeida, 1. 1006. 

1563, 1590. aera, as in 513. 

1598. Lebinthds: like Scorpids, I. 537. 



VOCABULARY 



a, interj., ah, oh, 73. 

ab or a, prep. w. abl., away from, 
from, of source or separation, 58, 
159, 219, etc.; from off, 1 018; of 
time, 655; of place, on the right, 
etc., 373, 1288, 1299; ab ortu, in 
the east, 460; ab obllquo, slantwise, 
obliquely, 1 16; by, of agent, 45, 63, 
860, etc.; of means, Soo, 1364; a 
laeva, in or with the left hand, 836. * 

Abantiades, ae, m., descendant of 
Abas, king of Argos; Per seas, the 
slayer of the Gorgon, 1306. 

abdo, 3, clidi, ditus, put away; hide, 
conceal, 743, 955; plunge, bury, 
1352; abdita, drum, as noun, hid- 
den ways, 1408. * 

abeo, ire, il, iturus, go away, go off, 
61, 776, 1344; disappear, 684; be 
changed, be converted, 1 29 1; burst 
into flames, 277. * 

ablatus, see aufero. 

abluo, 3, luT, lutus, wash off, bathe, 

G35> '37 2 - 
abrumpo, 3, riipi, ruptus, break off, 
break away, C>2(>. 

abstuli, sec aufero. 

absum, esse-, afui, afuturus, be from 
or away, be absent, 130, ~ •<<, >i]2; 
go away, 603; be distant, 1 341; be 
far (from helping;, 1283. * 



absumo, 3, sfimpsT, siimptus, take 
away; consume, exhaust, 325. * 

ac, see atque. 

accedo, 3, cessi, cessiirus, come to, 
approach, 389; be added to, 87, 
915,978. * 

accendo, 3, cendT, census, set fire to; 
accensus as adj., in /lames, on fire, 
ablaze, 559. * 

accingo, 3, clnxi, clnctus, gird to 
oneself; pass, with middle force, 
gird oneself, arm oneself, 
1299. * 

accipio, 3, cepi, ceptus (capio), take 
to one; take, receive, accept, i v ;, 
12SS, 1336. * 

acclivus, a, urn, adj. (cllvus, si 
sloping, inclined, ascending . 

accumbo, 3, cubuT, cabitom, recline 
at dinner, 897. * 

acer, eris, ere, adj., sharp; keen, 
fierce, 434; (too) hot, 
904. * 

actum. T, n. (p. of ago }, thing d 

pi. deeds, 657. 
actus, see ago. 
acumen, inis. n. (acuo, sharper.}, 

sharpness; point, tip of toe, 742. 
acutus, a. uin, adj. (p. of acuS, 

sharpen), sharpened; s : : . 
pointed, 253, * 

ad, prep. w. acc. ( toward, to, 83, 144, 

150, etc.; /or, to, 142, 708, 1329; 



VOCABULARY 



173 



by, 1 56; near, at, 155*, at, at the 
sound of, 212, 285; at, in accord- 
ance with, 15. * 

addo, 3, didi, ditus (do), put to ; put 
on, 469; add, give in addition, 667, 
1284, 1333; add the fact, consider 
also, 418; tell besides, 1418. * 

adduco, 3, duxi, ductus, lead to; 
draiv, tighten, 237. 

ademptus, see adimo. 

adeo, Ire, il, itus, go to, approach, 92, 
1203; visit, 868. * 

adeo, adv., to that point; to such an 
extent, so much, 1230. * 

adfecto, 1, freq. (adficio), strive after, 
seek, aspire to, 406. 

adfero, ferre, attull, adlatus, bear to, 
bring, 1112. 

adficio, 3, feci, fectus (facio), make 
(Jo); affect, injure, wo mid, 1044. 

adflo, I, breathe upon, 324. * 

adfor, I, fatus, speak to, address, 
1 186. * 

adgnosCO, 3, n5vl, nitus, recognize, 
identify, 764. * 

adhaereo, 2, — , — , stick to, cling 
(upon), 1327. 

adhaeresco, 3, haesi, haesus, inch. 
(adhaere5), adhere ; ground (of a 
boat), 1 1 60. 

adhuc, adv., to this ; still, yet, as yet, 
even yet, 56, 230, 335, etc. 

adicio, 3, ieci, iectus (iacio), throw 
to ; give in addition, give, add, 97, 
118, 654,979, 1000, 1003. 

adigo, 3, egi, actus (ago), drive to; 
drive, force, 1060. 

adimo, 3, emi, emptus (em5, take), 
take from, take azuay, remove, 209, 
552. 

adiuvo, 1, iuvi, iutus, kelp, aid, as- 
sist, 82, 322. 



adlevo, 1, raise; relieve, free, un- 
tivine, 1038. 

admiror, 1, wonder at; marvel, won- 
der, 550. 

admitto, 3, mlsi, missus, let go (to) , 
quicken ; p. admissus, swiftly mov- 
ing, sivift, rapid, 314, 1026. 

admoneo, 2, ul, itus, remind; warn, 
66. 

admonitor, oris, m. (admoneo), re- 
minder ; projnpter, summoner, 
1297. 

admoveo, 2, movl, motus, move to, 
bring ox place near, 276, 785, 794, 
885. 

adnuo, 3, ui, — , nod to; make a 
sign, nod, 348; nod assent, JJ4.. 

adoleo, 2, olui, — , turn to vapor; 
kindle, bum, destroy by fire, 274. * 

adoperio, 4, perui, pertus, cover, 
cover over, 939; envelop, wrap, 
veil, 161. 

adoro, i, call upon; reverence, honor, 
worship, 1 161. * 

adsero, 3, serul, sertus, claim; lay 
claim to, 244. 

adsiduus, a, um, adj., attending; 
continual, unceasing, 418; adsi- 
duls equis, by the constant tread of 
horses, 1008. 

adspicio, 3, spexT, spectus, look at, 
behold, observe, see, 51, 380, 440, 
etc. * 

adst5, 1, stiti, — , stand at; stand 
near or by, 495. * 

adstringo, 3, strinxi, strictus, bind, 
draw tight, tighten, 745. 

adsuetus, a, um, adj. (p. of adsuesco, 
accustom), accustomed, wonted, 
usual, 513, 759. 

adsum, esse, fui, futurus, be with or 
present, be at hand, 341, 393, 830; 



174 






come, appear , ';elp, 

assist, 82, 114. ■ 

aduncus, a, am, 

cut 1 14. 

adventus. us, m., 

or* . 
adversus, a. um, adj. (p. of adv< 

turned toward one ; w.'. . 

JIO; 

facing one, threatening, 428; in 
adVersum, against something 

///<v/, 420. * 

adverto, 3, verti, versus, fern (/<?), 
direct, yjj. 

ad void, 1, fly to; fly up, hasten to 
the rescue, 1038. 

Aegaeon, onis, m., a sea giant with a 
hundred arms, 35S. 

aeger, gra, grum, adj., sick ; painful, 
sickening, 640. 

aemulus, a, um, adj., striving ear- 
nestly after; rivaling, emulating, 
as noun, f., rival, 258. 

aenus, a, um, adj. (aes, copper), of 
copper or bronze; as noun, n., 
bronze vessel, kettle, 8S5. * 

Aeolius, a, um, adj. (Aeolus), of 
Aeolus, king of the winds, 1 103. 

aequalis, e, adj. (aequo, level), equal, 
uniform, regular, 374. 

aequatus, a, um, adj. (p. of aequo, 
level), leveled, made even or level, 
900. * 

aequor, oris, n. (aequus), level sur- 
face; sea, -water , . ■ 12, 354, 

574, * 

aequoreus, a, um, adj. (aequor), of 

r, from Xeptia: 

aequus, a, um, adj., level; equal, the 

same, uniform, 482; as noun, n., 

, 1103; ex aequd, 
equally, 120* * 



1., air, sky, 191, 248, 506, 
in midair, 

* 

aes, aeris, a., . 1414. 

aestas, atis, f., summer; personified, 

* 

aestuo, 1 (aestus), of lire, rage, 131. 

aestus, us, m., heat, 559 

(pL • * 

aetas, atis, f. [for aevitas] (aevum), 
age, years, S71 ; old age, 
youth, 56. * 

aeternus. a, um, adj. [for aeviternus] 
(aevum ), of an age; lasting, en- 
during, perpetual, 1 296. * 

aether, eris, m., upper air, air, sky, 

483. 5 x 9f 545» etc ' * 

aetherius, a, um, adj. (aether), of 
the upper air ; of h tial, 

972, 155?- * 

Aethiops, opis, adj., African: as 
noun, m. pi., the Ethiopians, 567. 

Aethon, onis, m., blazing; one of the 
Sun's horses, 501. 

aevum, 1, n., eternity; time, the 
world, 655; age, old age, 949. 

Agenorides, ae, m ., it of 

nor; Perseus, 1403. 

ager, agri, m., field, land, 85, 705, 

755, 70s, 1410. * 

agito, I, freq. (ago), set in violent 

motion; shake, move to and fro, 

toss, 34S, I 144. 
agmen, inis. n. (ag5), that driven; 

troop, band, army, : . ; , 704, 

707; agmina cogo, bring up the 

, 462 . * 

agna, ae, 1 iamb, 

' 287. 
ago, 3, eg!, actus, //// in m. 
lead, 410, 525, 544, etcj 

propel, row, 1 339; bring, /. 



VOCABULARY 



175 



drive, shoot, 1 04 7; give, render, 
500 ; open in (fissures), receive, 
552; pass, spend, 945; celebrate, 
765; be buried in (silence), 11S5; 
do, 422, 532. * 

agrestis, e, adj. (ager), of the fields; 
rustic, sylvan, 829. 

agricola, ae, m. (ager) , husbandman ; 
farmer, planter, 860. 

aid, defective verb [for agi5], affirm, 
say, 44, 82, 246, etc. * 

ala, ae, f., dim. [for axla] (axis), 
wing, 867, 1 105, 1 149, etc. * 

albens, entis, adj. (p. of albe5, be 
white), white, whitish, 844. 

ales, alitis, adj., winged, 28. * 

alimentum, I, n. (al5, nourish), 
nourishment, food, 599, 1112. 

alipes, edis, adj. (ate ; pesj, wing- 
footed, 396; as noun, m., Mercury, 
1388. " 

aliquando, adv (quando, ever), at 
some time or other, for once, 
661. 

aliquis, qua, quod, pron. adj. (qui), 
some, 643, 1 241; as noun, f., some 
one, a girl, 1; n., aliquid, some- 
thing, 445, 987. * 

aliter, adv. (alis = alius, other), in 
another manner, otherwise, w. neg. 
just as, 36, 189; in another, i.e. 
the opposite direction, 431. * 

almus, a, um, adj., nourishing ; fos- 
tering, kindly, 583. * 

Alphenor, oris, m., one of the sons of 
Niobe, 1037. 

alte, adv. (altus), high, on high, 188, 
514, 1055; comp., too high, 484. * 

alter, tera, terum, gen. ius (alius, 
other), one, the other, 122, 123, 256, 
317, 319; another, a second, 680, 
1047, 1081, 1 134; other (of two), 



836, 973; quilibet alter, anybody 
else, 658. * 

altor, oris, m. (al5, nourish), nour- 
isher ; foster father, 7 7 1 . 

altllS, a, um, adj. (p. of al5, nourish), 
nourished; high, tall, lofty, 412, 
468, 545, 784, etc.; stately, lofty, 
124, 349; at full height, 966; in 
altum, high, 1048; ab alto, from 
on high, 141 9; deep, 574; thick, 
172; profound, 1185. * 

alumnus, I, m. (alo, nourish), foster 
son, ward, 769. 

alveus, T, m. (alvus, belly), hollow; 
bed, channel, 1 1 80. 

amans, antis, adj. (p. of amo), loving, 
regardful, 1163; as noun, m. and 
i., lover, 135, 140, 175, etc. * 

ambiguus, a, um, adj. (ambi-, 
around), going two ways; ever- 
changing, many-formed, 357; in 
ambigud, in doubt, uncertain, 
319. * 

ambo, ae, 0, num. adj., both, 129, 221, 
734, etc. * 

ambrosia, ae, f., ambrosia, said to be 
the food of the gods, 468. 

amburd, 3, ussl, ustus, burn round; 
singe, scorch, 550. 

amens, entis, adj. (mens), out of 
one's senses; frantic, frenzied, 
wild, 645, 668. 

amictus, us, m. (amicio, wrap 
about), outer garment, mantle, 
171. * 

amicus, a, um, adj., friendly, loving, 
144. * 

amitto, 3, mlsi, missus, let go away ; 
lose, 738. * 

Ammon, onis, m., epithet of Jupiter 
worshiped in Africa in the form of 
a ram, 1304. * 



1 7 f ' 



V< H \!U I.AUV 



amnis, is m., river % stream, 721, 

: I -. I 1 3 . 

amo, 1. . .; amatus, 

beJoved, J01-. 
amor, oris, m„ love, affect* 

I27i etc.; <vy. 

"flame" 234; pi., . iS; 

affairs, 243; A>;rr, 204; per- 
sonified, /i»;r, Cupid, 202, 314. * 
Amphion, onia, in., husband of Niobe, 

king and founder of Thebes, IOIO. 
amplector, 3, plexus, twitu around; 

embrace, 2O0, 733. 

amplexus, 206, p. of amplector. 

amplexus, us, m. (amplector), cm- 
brace, caress, 390. 

an,conj.,7i'//<:V//t , r,3i9,997; (whether) 
or, 51, IOI, 117, 199. * 

ancora, ae, f., anchor, 1138. * 

Andromeda, ae, f., daughter of Ce- 
pheus, king of Ethiopia, 1304. 

anguicomus, a, urn, adj. (anguis; 
coma), with snaky liair, 1 33 1 . 

anguifer, era, erum, adj. (anguis), 
snake bearing, covered with ser- 
pents, 1373. 

anguis, is, m.,setpent, 691, 726, 1252; 
the constellation Serpent, 4S6. 

anhelitus, us, m. (anheld,£uu^), hard 
breathing} panting, panting breath, 
104, 139. 

anhelus, a, urn, adj., out of breath; 
panting, 1 266. 

anilis, e, adj. (anus), of an oU wo- 

man : feeble, 883. 
anima, ae, f., air; breath, 883 ; life, 

623, IO3O, IO42; soul, spirit, \-]-j, 
1 198. * 

animal, Ilia, n. (anima), living being; 

am mat, creature, .'.(<>. 
animo, 1 (anima), make a live, quicken, 

1252. 



animosus, a, am, adj. (animus), full 
''J 

animus, i, 111., rational . 

mind, faculties, 4 425, 

. [I93; disposition, 
character, 1 399; pi., mind, 
con J; , 435* senses, 

671. • 

annus, T, m., year, y _, 5, . 1 tc. ; 

personified, 373; pi., ; 
403, 760, 949; season, time for 
growing, 859. 

anser, eris, m., goose, sacred to Juno, 
921. 

ante, adv., before (now), 64, 269, 
816; formerly, previously, 731, 
1292; prep. w. ace, bt 
front of, 344, 529, 683, etc * 

ante-eo, ire, ivl or ii, — , go b\ 
precede, 735. 

antiquus, a, um, adj. (ante), former, 
ancient, of old times, 010. 

antrum, i, n., cave, cavern, grotto, 
167, 5S0, 614, S15, 1 103. * 

anus, iis, f., old -woman, S71, 898. 

Aonius, a, um, adj., .Ionian, Boeotian, 

3°- 
aper, apri, m., wild boar, 1146, 

I3S5- 
aperio, 4, aperul, apertos, une 

disclose, reveal, 943; open, unclose, 
1 1 20. * 

apertus, a, um, adj. (pi. of aperid), 
un. > 7*95 

open, broad, I I2(>; iored, 

naked, 050. * 

Apollineus, a, um. adj. (Apollfi 

or belonging to .//•<.'. . » a 55« 

appello, 1. speak to, address, I 315. 
apto. 1 (aptUS), pit, adjust, place care- 

fulfyt 229. * 



VOCABULARY 



177 



aptus, a, um, adj., fastened ' ; fitted, 
suitable, appropriate, 227. 

aqua, ae, f., water, (pi.) waters, 47, 
159, 191, etc. * 

aquila, ae, f., eagle, 288. 

Aquilo, onis, m, the north wind, 
1103,1169; pi., winds, 480. * 

aquosus, a, um, adj. (aqua), abound- 
ing in water ; watery, rain-, 1255. 

ara, ae, f., altar, 968, 998, 1063, 
1 208, 1 387 ; the constellation Altar, 
487. * 

aratrum, I, n. (aro), plow, plow- 
share, 597. 

arbitrium, I, n. (arbiter, spectator), 
judgment ; will, choice, pleasure, 
565 ; choice, power to choose, privi- 
lege, 771. 

arbor or arbos, oris, f., tree, 88, 156, 
162, etc. * 

arboreus, a, um, adj. (arbor), of a 
tree, tree-, 106, 192, 1 270. * 

arbustum, 1, n. (arbor), place where 
trees are planted ; plantation, vine- 
yard, 1 1 27. 

arceo, 2, arcul, — , shut tip; keep 
away or out, restrain, drive away, 
729, 998, 1 28 1. * 

Arcitenens, entis, adj. (arcus; tenens, 
tene5), bow-bearing, epithet of 
Apollo; as noun, m., Apollo, 
1054. 

Arctos, I, f., the Great Bear, 480; 
pi., the two Bears, 1 258. 

arcus, us, m., bow, (pi.) 429, 1075; 
curve, arc, 536, {zone) 246, 477. * 

ardeo, 2, arsi, arsus, be on fire ; blaze, 
bum, 129, 275, 557. * 

arduus, a, um, adj., steep, lofty, high, 
157, 411, 818; on high, towering, 
617, 1 157, 1344; as noun, n. pi., 
heights, 929. 



ared, 2, arui, — , be parched or dry, 
552; p. arens, as adj., dry, parched, 
thirsty, 782. 

argenteus, a, um, adj. (argentum), of 
silver, silver, 456. 

argentum, I, n., silver, 352; {silver) 
plate, 906. * 

argumentum, 1. n. (arguo), means of 
proving; evidence, proof, indica- 
tion, 1394. 

arguo, 3, argul, argiitus, make known ; 
complain of, find fault with, blame, 
841. 

aridus, a, um, adj., dry, parched, 104, 
554, 569, 586, 884; burning, 799. * 

arista, ae, f., top of an ear of grain; 
ear, head, 96, 274, 782. 

arma, orum, n., implei7ients, instru- 
ments, 705; weapons, 238. * 

armentum, I, n. (aro), cattle for 
plowing ; cattle, oxen, 295, 1268. * 

armus, I, m., shotdder, 1018, 1351. 

aro, 1, plow, till, 1 135. 

ars, artis, f., practical skill ; art, skill, 
science, means, 306, 1198, 1214, 
1402. * 

artifex, icis, m. and f. (ars), master 
of an art; artist, professional, 
837. 

artus, a, um, adj., close, tight, 103 1. * 

artiis, uum, m., joints, limbs, 329, 
647, 1038. * 

arvum, I, n. (arvus, plowed), plowed 
land ; field, pi. lands, country, 68, 
154, 315, etc. * 

arx, arcis, f., castle, citadel, high abode, 
381, 1006; summit, height, 249, 
617. * 

ascensus, us, m. (ascend5, climb), 
climbing ; ascent, approach, 8 1 9. 

asellus, I, m., dim. (asinus, ass), little 
ass, ass's coll, 847. 






VOCABULARY 



asper.cra. crum, idj. (ah; Bpes),wftt- 

* 
aspergo, inis, 

tprinkb* >\. 

astrum. I, n., constellation, star, 1157. 
astus, us, in., adroitness, cunning, 

craft, 1407. 
at, con]., /'«/, <// /<•</.;/, /W on th, 

/nil:.:, -j. 225, 25 ;. 
Atalanta, ae, f., daughter of Schoe- 

ncus, of Boeotia, <>. 
ater. tra, truin, adj., dark, black, 192, 

232, 1077. * 

Atlantiades, ae, in, Mercury, grand- 
son of Atlas, 867. 
Atlas, antis, m., son of Iapetus, a 

Titan, 607. 
atque or ac, co*j., and in addition ; 

and, 18, 52, ill, etc.; simul ac, as 

soon as, 515. 
atrium, T, n., forecourt ; hall, 36, 402, 

607, 1305. • 

attollo, 3, — , — , lift up, raise, 211, 

1354. * 

attonitus, a, am, adj. (p. of attono, 
thunder at), thunderstruck, as- 
tounded, astonished, spellbound, 690, 
797, 918. 
auceps, cupis, ni. (avis), bird catcher, 

fmvler, 743. 
auctor, oris, m. (augeo), increaser; 

author, giver, \\\, 436, 592, 795; 

founder, originator, 1273; father, 

■ 9°9- 
auctus, sec augeo. 

audax, fu is, adj., bold, daring, fear- 
less, 163, 1077. 

audeo, 2, ausus sum, dare, venture, 
577, 582, 823, etc; audentes, as 
imun, m., those who dare, 27. * 

audio, 4, hear, 1, 1019, 1177, 117S; 
hear of, 967; listen to, heed, 712. * 



aufero. Ferte, ahstulf, ablatus, bear or 
tai : off, 423, 

1 147; 
. 

augeo, 2, auxi, auctus, 

tar. ,\ 1 . . ,1 2j 

swell, increase the number of, 575. 

augurium, i, n. (augur, .//: 

tirri nation ; interpretation, 1 229. * 

Augustus, I. in. (augi >cited 

one; epithet of Octaviua Caesar; 
as adj., of Augustus, 343. 

aura, ae, f., air in motion ; air, 1 
/'/Yc.v, 32, S3, 203, etc.; air if 
heaven, 1042; efferre sub auras, 
bring to light, make known, S52. * 

auratus, a, urn, adj. (aurum), covered 
-,01th gold, gilded, 938. 

aureus, a, urn, adj. (aurum), of 
golden, 91, 455, 757, etc.; glitter- 
ing, splendid, 1 * 

aurlga, ac, 111. and (., charioteer, 
driver, 623, 638. 

auris, is, !"., ear, 144, 825. 842, etc. * 

aurora, ac, f., morning, dawn, day- 
break, 148, 401, 402; personified, 
Aurora, goddess of morning, 
1263. 

aurum, I, n., gold, S9, 350, 773. etc; 
golden apple, 108, 1 1 6. * 

auster, tri, in., (he sou & o. * 

australis, e, adj. (auster), of the south 
wind; southern, 480. 

ausum, I, n. (audeo), bold deed, un- 
king, daring, Si, 030, 682. 

ausus, sec auded. 

aut, conj., or, or else, 71. i.|:, 564, 
etc.; aut . . . aut, either . . . ( '/-, 
[225, 1 226. * 

autem, conj., introducing antithesis, 
I Mowing emphatic word, but, on 
the contrary, 1073. 



VOCABULARY 



179 



autumnalis, e, adj. (autumnus), of 

autumn, autumnal, 902. 
autumnus, I, m., autumn, personified, 

377- 
auxiliaris, e, adj. (auxilium), aiding, 

helping, auxiliary, 1116. 
auxilium, 1, n., aid, help, assistance, 

suppoi't, 1202, 1326, 1369. * 

aversor, I, intens. (averto, turti 

away), turn from; turn away, 

shrink from, 260. 
aversus, a, um, adj. (p. of averts, 

turn away), turned away ; from 

behind, in the rear (occupat), 

1348. * 

avidus, a, um, adj., eagerly longing, 

greedy, eager, 793, 1349, 1356. * 
avis, is, f., bird, 694, 695. 
avitus, a, um, adj. (avus) , of 'a grand- 
father, ancestral, 1028. 
avius, a, um, adj. (via), out of the 

way ; as noun, n. pi., unfrequented 

places, pathless regions, solitudes, 

261, 546. 
avus, I, m., grandfather, 47, 972, 973. 
axis, is, f., axle, axle tree, 455, 628; 

chariot, car, 407, (pi.) 496, 1267; 

axis of the heavens, 423 ; axis of 

the world, globe, 608, 972. 



B 

Babylonius, a, um, adj. (Babylon), 
of Babylon, Babylonian, 166. 

baca, ae, f., berry ; fruit, olive, 901. 

baccha, ae, f., female Bacchanal, 
Bacchante, 759. 

Baccheus, a, um, adj. (Bacchus), of 
Bacchus, Bacchic, 687. 

Bacchus, i, m., son of Jupiter and 
Semele, god of wine and of inspira- 
tion, 755. * 



baculum, i, n., stick, staff, 930. 

balaena, ae, f., whale, 357. 

Balearicus, a, um, adj., of the Balearic 
Islands (Majorca and Minorca) in 
the Mediterranean; Balearic, 1341. 

barba, ae, f., beard, 1107, 1290. 

barbaricus, a, um, adj., foreign, bar- 
baric, rude, 830. 

Baucis, idis, f., wife of Philemon, 871. 

beliicus, a, um, adj. (bellum), of 
war ; fierce in war, warlike, 1 386. 

bellum, I, n. (for duellum), war, 
684. * 

belua, ae,f., beast, monster, 1322, 1 360. 

bene, adv. (bonus), well, fairly, 395; 
skillfully, 663. 

Berecyntius, a, um, adj., of Berecyn- 
tus, a mountain in Phrygia, sacred 
to Cybele, Berecyntian, 686. 

bibulus, a, um, adj. (bib5, drink), 
drinking; soaked, wet, 1362; 
porous, 1376. 

bicolor, oris, adj. (color), of two 
colors, two-colored, 90 1. 

bicornis, e, adj. (cornu), with two 
horns ; tzvo-pronged, 887. 

biforis, e, adj. (foris, door), with two 
doors; double, folding, 352. 

bis, num. adv., tzuice, 766. * 

blanditia, ae, f. (blandus), caress- 
ing; pi., lovingwords, endearments, 
blandishments, 137, 313. 

blandus, a, um, adj., of smooth tongue ; 
caressing, coaxing, soft, 83, 267, 
448. * 

bonus, a, um, adj., good, excellent; 
kindly, 915 ; as noun, n., excellence, 
4; pi., good things, blessings, 445, 
986. * 

boreas, ae, m., the north wind, 526. 

bos, bovis, m. and f., bull, ox, cow, 
164, 701, 708. 



So 



VI K A.BULARY 



bracchium. I, n . 

331,581, 
brevis. < . adj., short, 1 * 

bustum. 1, d . plact oj burnin 

burying; mound, . . 155, 

947- 

buxum, i, n. (huxus, box tree), box- 
wood, jo 1. 



cacumen, inis, n., extremity; peak, 

point, top, in, 34S, 953, etc. 
Cadmeis, idis, f. adj., of Cadmus, 

Theban, 1006. 
Cadmus, I, m., founder of Thebes, 

son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia, 

974- 

cado, 3, cecidi, casiirus, fall, 290, 
633, 1 251; fall dead, 1039; set, 
1 260. * 

caducifer, T, m. adj. (caduceus, 
herald's staff), bearing a herald's 
staff, S67. 

Caecus, a, um, adj., blind; dark, 
hidden, 10S2, 1222. • 

caedes, is, f., cutting; killing, slaugh- 
ter, 6$, 164, 227; blood, 192; wound, 
230. * 

caedo, 3, cecidi, caesus, cut ; strike, 
lash, 669. 

caelestis, e, adj. (caelum), of Ju 
heavenly, celestial, 484, 1201, 1230; 
as noun, m. pi., gods, divinities, 
96S. * 

caelicola, ae, m. (caelum), £?></, deity, 

877. 
caeio. 1 (caelum, chisel'), engrave in 
relief, . 354, 905, 

* 

caelum, I, n., sky, heavens, heaven, 

;<>5, 412, etc.; the air, space, 

1342. * 



caeruleus, a, um, adj. (caelum), like 
the sky ; dark Hue or green, dark, 
. 11 10, 1174. 

caerulus, a, am, 

the sky ; blue, dark 
caespes, itis, f. (cacdo), cut sod: 
turf 13S5. 

calamus, I, m., > 

CalCO, I (calx, heel), tread, trample, 

377- 

calens, entis, adj. (p. of caled, be 
warm , hot, 908. * 

calidus, a, um, adj., warm, hot, 563, 
1027. 

CallgO. inis, f., thick air ; darkness, 
gloom, 564, 1 106. 

callidus, a, um, adj. (calleo, be ex- 
perienced), practiced ; crafty, cun- 
ning, clever, 743; with force of 
adv., slyly, stealthily, 100. 

calor, oris, m., warmth, heat, (pi.) 482. 

campus, i, m., plain, field, grounds, 
115, 1 1 26; expanse, stretch, 573, 
1 156. • 

Cancer, cri, m., Crab (in the zodiac), 

431- 
candens, entis, adj. (p. of cande5, 

shine), shining; glowing, 00S. 
candescS, 3, — , — , inch, (candeo, 

shine), become bright ; begin to glow, 

grow hot, 561. 
candidus, a, um, adj. (candeS, shine), 

shining -whit; . 

914; white (mar.. , 37, 

candor, Oris, in teness, 

3S« 

canesco, 2, — , — (ciineo, be -white), 

. lite, whiten, 553. 
canis, is, m. and f., . 315, 

""7. 1355- 
can'istrum, I, n., basket of reeds, plaited 
basket, 912. • 



VOCABULARY 



181 



canna, ae, f., reed, cane, 870; pi., 

reed pipes, 839. 
Cano, 3, cecinl, — , make music, sing, 

play, 342, 690, 830. * 

canorus, a, urn, adj. (canor, melody'), 

melodious, tuneful, 356. 
Cantus, us, m., singing, song, notes, 

685, 823, 1393. * 

Canus, a, urn, adj., white, hoary, 378, 

1 107; yellow; ripened, 96. * 

capella, ae, f., dim. (caper, goat), 

she goat, 1 140. 
capillus, I, m. (caput), hair; pi., 

hair, tresses, 259, 279, 311, etc. 
capio, 3, cepl, captus, take; take, 

catch, seize, 761, 1408; take in, 

comprehend, 788; take on, receive, 

^Z^>Z\ receive, embrace, 1 1 80; 

charm, 838; enslave, 129. * 

Capitolium, 1, n. (caput), Capitol at 

Rome (pi.), 342. 
captivus, a, um, adj., taken prisoner ; 

captured, captive, 257. 
capto, I, freq. (capio), strive to seize, 

watch or listen for, 139. 
captus, see capio. 
caput, capitis, n., head, 345, 348, 388, 

etc. * 

Carbasus, I, f., fine linen; pi., car- 

basa, orum, n., linen robes, 718; 

sails, 1022. 
career, eris, m., prison, jail, 1296; 

barrier, goal, starting place in a 

race course, 93. * 

cardo, inis, m., hinge, 160. * 

careo, 2, ui, iturus, be without, 7; 

be deprived of, lack, 510. 
Carica, ae, f. (Caricus, Carian), 

dried fig (from Caria), 911. 
carina, ae, f., keel of a ship, 1 139. 
carmen, inis, n., song, verse, 300, 637, 

671, etc. 



carpo, 3, carpsi, carptus, pick, pluck; 
crop, graze, 1140; make (viam), 
pass over, tread, 809 ; pass through, 
cleave, 1249. * 

Cams, a, um, adj., dear, darling, 
precious, 53, 210, 268, 758. * 

casa, ae, f., small house, cottage, hut, 

%73, 936. 

Cassiope, es, f., wife of Cepheus and 
mother of Andromeda, 1370. 

Casus, us, m., falling ; fate, ill chance, 
misfortune, 209, 951. * 

catena, ae, f., chain, fetter, 131 1, 1370. 

Cauda, ae, f., tail, 537, 1358. 

causa, ae, f., cause, reason, motive, 
219, 289, 291, etc. * 

cautes, is, f., pointed rock, crag, 1305. 

caveo, 2, cavi, cautus, be on one's 
guard, take heed, beware, 437. 

cavus, a, um, adj., holloxv, excavated, 
concave, 827, 907, 1357. * 

cecidi, see cado. 

Cecropius, a, um, adj. (Cecrops, the 
most ancient king of Attica), of 
Cecrops, Attic, Athenian, 763. 

cedo, 3, cessi, cessus, go from; go 
away, depart, 813; (disposed to) 
yield, 996; yield in rank, be in- 
ferior, 246. 

celeber, bris, bre, adj., frequented, 
abounding, 865; surrounded, nu- 
merously attended, 962. 

celer, eris, ere, adj., swift, quick, 
speedy, fleet, 94, no, 321, etc.; 
with force of adv., quickly, 467, 
1350. * 

celo, 1, hide from; hide, conceal, 385, 
848, 1316. * 

Cepheni, orum, m., people of Cepheus, 
1396. 

Cepheus, ei, m., a king of the Ethi- 
opians, 1370. 






VOCABU1 \l:Y 



Cepheus, a, uni, adj., of <>r heltm 

Cephisis, idis, I. adj., of the Cef I 

1203. 

cera, ae, f*, wax, 907. 

ceratus, a, um, adj. (cera), covered 
-until wa 

Cerealis, e, adj. (Ceres), belong: 
Ceres, of C , 791, J 

Ceres, cris, f., daughter of Saturn, god- 
dess of agriculture; grain, 782. * 

cerno, 3, crevi, certus, separate; dis- 
tinguish, make out, perceive, 481, 
674, 695. * 

certamen, inis, n. (certo, contend), 
contest, struggle, competition, 1,13, 
25, 824. 

certe, adv. (certus), really; without 
doubt, surely, unmistakably, 339, 

certus, a, um, adj. (p. of cern5), 
determined ; certain, unmistakable, 
173, 240, 439; assured, proved, 
true, 223, 1 191 ; sure, steady, 
415; sure (of aim), unerring, 
deadly, 301, 302; perfect, 
lar, 1014; certain facid, inform, 
IO57. • 

cerva, ae, f. (cervus), hind, deer, 2S7. 

cervix, icis, f., head joint, neck, 
shoulder, 267, 324, 435, etc. * 

Cervus, I, m., slag, deer, 696, 1 147. * 

Cesso, I, freq. (cedo), be remiss; be 

inactive, idle <>r unoccupied, 590; 
tempora cessata, lost time, no. * 

cessurus, sec ced5. 

(ceterus), a, uni., adj., the other, re- 
maining, ■ 1 .'. 36 |. \30\ a, pi., ,/// 

else, the rest, 488, 846, 'i;|, 115'), 

1189. * 

ceu, adv. (for cc-vc), as, like as, just 
as, 696. 



chaos ), — , n., onrjF ace. and ahl., 
1 ha5, the unformed world, . 
empty sp.iic, 6lO. 

chorus, i, : 

of gingers "r dancers, train, : 
75". 

chrysolithos, T, m., golastone ; chryso- 
lite, topaz, 457. 

Cicones, uni, m., a Thrician tri! 
the llel>rus River, I _ 

cingo, 3, cirud, ductus, go around ; 
surround, encircle, 125, 330, 3 ;.}; 
crown, wreathe, 375, 827; gird up, 
1 216. * 

cinis, is, m., ashes, embers, 557, 562, 
(pi.) SSi. 

circuitus, us, m. (circumeo, go about) , 
going round • arc, 430. 

circum, prep. \v. ace, around, about, 
388, 827; as adv., 1301. * 

circumdo, dare, dedi, datus, place 
around; surround, encircle, en- 
wrap, ^3, N()3, 109S. * 

circumfero, ferre, tull, latus, bear 
around ; cast or sweep about, 966. 

circumlitus, a, um, adj. (p. of circum- 
lino, smear over), spread ever, en- 
cased, plated, S06. 

circumsonus, a, um, adj.. 

around ; barking or baying a round, 

1355. 

circumspicio, 3, spexl, spectus, look 

ul, cast i 1 glance around, 443, 
605. 
circumsto, 1, stcti, — , stand around ; 
surround, b .'. 664. 

circumtuli, see circumfero. 
cithara, ae, I., lyre, 340, (pi.) 6S8, 

839. * 

citra, adv. ( citer, on this side), on this 

48. 
citus, a, um, adj. (p. of cieo, set in 



VOCABULARY 



183 



motion), quick, swift, rapid, flying, 
32, 325, 423. * 

Clades, is, f., destruction ; misfortune, 
calamity, disaster, 592. 

Clamo, 1, call, cry out, shout aloud, 
209, 1088. 

Clamor, oris, m., loud call, shout, 
shouting, 97, 686, 1367. * 

Claros, I, f., a town in Ionia, contain- 
ing a famous temple of Apollo, 298. 

clarus, a, um, adj ., clear, bright, shin- 
ing, gleaming, sparkling, 350, 372, 
458,1297; loud, piercing, 205. * 

Claudo, 3, clausi, clausus, shut ; shut 
up, imprison, 1296; inclose, shut in, 
1 103, 1279; close, bolt, bar, 869. * 

Clipeum, 1, n., shield (round, metal 
shield), 141 3. 

CliVUS, I, m. , declivity ; slope, hillside, 
819, 931 ; sloping surface of a table, 
899. 

Clymene, es, f., daughter of Tethys, 
wife of Merops, mother of Phae- 
thon, 385. 

Clymeneius, a, um, adj., of Clymene, 

367- 

coactus, see cogo. 

COarguo, 3, ul, — , overwhelm with 
proof; expose, prove, make known, 
861. 

COCtilis, e, adj. (coquo, burn), 
burned; of burnt bricks, 125. 

COeo, Tre, Ivi or il, itus, go together ; 
come together, be united, 127; meet, 
1 50; collect, gather, flock together, 
694. 

(coepio), 3, coepi, coeptus, begin, 
commence, 859, 1235; coeptus, be- 
gun {to be fashioned), 1239. * 

coerceo, 2, cm, citus (arce5), inclose 
on all sides; confine, 259; check, 
curb, restrain, 748, 1015, 1178. 



COgnosco, 3, gn5vi, gnitus, become ac- 
quainted with ; perceive, see, know, 
recognize, 198, 204, 214; feel, 509; 
learn, find out, 524. * 

COgO, 3, coegl, coactus (con-ago), 
drive together ; marshal (agmen), 
bring tip the rear, 462, 767; force, 
compel, II 7; coagulate, curdle, 903. * 

COhaereo, 2, haesl, haesus, cling to- 
gether ; stick fast, 746. 

COhors, hortis, f., court; band, com- 
pany, bodyguard, 759. 

COllis, is, m., elevation, hill, 863, 1 134, 
1 1 79. * 

COllum, I, n., neck, 279, 448, (pi.) 
586, 626, 141 6. * 

COlo, 3, colul, cultus, till ; cherish, 
zv or ship, 961, 968, 997; take up, 
cidtivate, inhabit, 814. * 

COlonus, 1, m., farmer, peasant, 703, 
1113. * 

color, 5ris, m., color, hue, complexion, 
194, 199, 232, etc. 

cohibra, ae, f., serpent, snake, 1253, 

I4I5- 
columba, ae, f., dove, 288. 
columna, ae, f., pillar, column, 349, 

937- * 

coma, ae, f., hair of the head, 89, 
206, 340, etc.; head, 472, 826; foli- 
age, 717. * 

comes, itis, m. and f., attendant, com- 
panion, partner, 219, 764, 962. 

comito, 1 (comes), be a companion ; 
accompany, attend, follow, 929. * 

committo, 3, mlsl, missus, bring to- 
gether, build, 975; intrust, com- 
mend, commit, 517, 744. * 

communis, e, adj., common, held in 
common, 133, 943. 

communiter, adv. (communis), to 
gether, in common, 105 1. 



1 84 



VOCAHU.XKY 



como, 3, c&mpsT, cSmptaa emd, 
take), gather; art 

compesco, 3, peacul, — , confine; 

(heck, quench, subdue. 624; allay, 

assuage, 169. 
COmplector, 3, plexus, clasp, embrace, 

336. 
complexus, see complector. 
complexus, us, m., embracing; em- 
ir ace, clasp, 1038. • 
compono, 3, posul, positus, bring to- 
gether ; lay to rest, bury, 224. * 
COmpreCOr, I, pray to; supplicate, 

entreat, beg, 81. 
comprendo, 3, prendi, prensns, bind 

together ; catch, seize, 319. 
concavo, 1, — , atus, make hollow; 

hollow out, curve, 536. 
COncentUS, us, m., harmony, 681. 
concha, ae, f., shellfish ; conch shell, 

shell, 1 1 74, 1357. 
concio (concieS), 4 (2), civi, citus, 

bring together ; set in motion, urge 

on, hence concitus, swift, 1338; 

shoot, impel, 1032. 
concipio, 3, cepl, ceptus (capio), Aj/y 

hold of; catch, gather, draw up, 

1 1 12; catch, lake (lire), 23; \v. 

animo, grasp, form, conceive, 425 ; 

\v. preces, utter prayers, pray, 919. 
concitus, see concio. 
c^nclamo, I, cry aloud, cry out, 1016, 

1324. 
COncordD, I (concors), agree; har- 

monize, sound in harmony, 300. 
concors, cordis, adj. (cor), of the 

same mind ; in accord, in harmony, 

945- 
concutio, 3, cussi, cussus (<|uatio), 
strike together; shake up, 692 ; 
shake, 398, 588. 



condicio, <~>nis, (., agreement, sti: 

tion, terms, IO. 

conditus. see condo. 

COndo, 3, didi, ditus, put together; 
hide, bur preserve, 

902. * 

confero, ferre, tull, latin, bring to- 
gether ; match, join, 1 03 1 ; contend, 

■1 44- 
confiteor, 2, fessus (hlcor), a cknow/- 

, admit, confess, 400. 
confugio, 3, fugi, — ,flee, take re 

run to save oneself, 925. * 

COnfundo, 3, ffull, fusus, pour together ; 

blend, mix, confuse, 610. 
COngelo, I, freeze together; petrify, 

harden, 730, 1095. 
conicio, 3, iecl, iectus (iacio), throw 

together ; cast, throw, hurl, 698. 
coniugium, I, n., union ; wedlock, 

marriage, 54, <>2. 7;. 
coniungo, 3, iiinxi, ninctus, join 

together; passus, walk together, 

734- 
coniunx, iugis, m. and (., husband, 
wife, 5, 6, 12, etc * 

conlabor, 3, lapsus, fall together ; fall, 

sink down, 10S3. 
COnligO, 3, \v'f\, Iectus (lego), gather, 

col/cd, 668, 886, 913. * 

Conor, I, undertake, attempt, try, 75 1, 

10S1. 
conscendo, 3, Bcendi, scensus (scandd, 

climb), climb together; mount, 
IOII. * 

conscius, a, am, adj. (sci5), knowing 

in common ; as noun, m., witness, 

confidant, 130. * 

consenesco, 3, senul, — , inch., grow 

old together, grow obi, 873. 
consequor, 3, Becutus, follow up; 

overtake, come up with, 1 13, 1024. 



VOCABULARY 



185 



cdnsldo, 3, sedi, — , sit down ; take 
one's seat, sit, 825. 

consilium, l, n., council ; pi., counsel, 
advice, 494. * 

consisto, 3, stitl, stitus, stand still ; 
stand, stop, 966; remain standing, 
keep one's foothold, 407; alight, 
249, 1261; take one's stand, post 
oneself, 42, 138, 370. * 

COnsolor, I, encourage ; comfort, con- 
sole, 1 194. 

COnsors, sortis, m. and f., sharer, 
partner, 1 1 60. 

cSnspiciS, 3, spexi, spectus, look at 
attentively ; get sight of, perceive, 
espy, 952, 1302, 1363. * 

COnsterno, 1, terrify, alarm, affright, 
strike with terror, 625. 

COnsuesco, 3, suevi, suetus, accustom, 
habituate, inure, 577, 895. 

COnsulo, 3, sului, sultum, meet and 
consider; take thought or care 
(for), have regard (for), consult 
(for), 489, 611. 

cSnsiimS, 3, sumps!, sumptus, use up ; 
devour, consume, 180. 

COntactllS, us, m., touching; contact, 
touch, 781. 

contemno, 3, temps!, temptus, value 
little ; despise, disdain, scorn, 823. 

COntemptor, oris, m. (contemptus, 
from contemno), one who values 
little ; despiser, scomer, 677. 

COntendo, 3, tend!, tentus, stretch; 
vie, contend, measure strength, 1 1 . * 

contentus, a, um, adj. (p. of conten- 
ds), stretched ; tight, taut, 1075. 

contentus, a, um, adj. (p. of contine5), 
content, satisfied, pleased, 243, 1 1 15. 

COnterminus, a, um, adj., bordering 
upon, adjoining, neighboring, 157, 
862. 



COnterreo, 2, term!, territus, frighten, 
terrify, 1076. 

conticesco, 2, ticu!, — , inch, (ta- 
ce5), become still, cease speaking, 
1082. 

COntigUUS, a, um, adj., bordering, 
neighboring, adjoining, 124. 

contineo, 2, tinui, tentus (teneo), 
hold together ; bound, hem in, 479. 

contingS, 3, tig!, tactus (tango), 
touch, reach, 471, 499, 530, etc.; 
attain, attain to, 405, 1380; come 
to, be given to, 1238. * 

contra, adv., opposite; to the other 
side, 147. * 

COntraho, 3, traxi, tractus, draw to- 
gether, contract, shrink, 573, 584. 

contrarius, a, um, adj. (contra), lying 
over against ; in the opposite direc- 
tion, 421; in contraria, in the op- 
posite direction, backzvard, 625. * 

COnubium, !, n. (nubo), marriage, 
wedlock, 59, (pi.) 262, 272. * 

convello, 3, veil!, volsus, tear away, 
separate, 793. * 

COnvenio, 4, vem, ventus, come to- 
gether ; meet, 155; be fitted or 
suited to, befit, 403. * 

converts, 3, vert!, versus, turn 
round ; turn, change, 141 2. * 

COnvicium, !, n., loud noise ; abusive 
words, abuse, injury, 999. 

COnvivium, !, n., meal in company ; 
pi., feast, banquet, 1 396. * 

COnvocS, 1, call together, assemble j 
summon, 1117. 

cSpia, ae, f., abundance, plenty, 799, 
983; access, 505. * 

COr, cordis, n., heart, 1055, 107 1. * 

cornii, us, n., horn, 428, 707; of the 
moon, tip, extre??iity, 465 ; pi., bow, 
237; horn, trumpet, 686. * 






vi •« ABU1 A.RY 



cornum. i, n. (comas, cornel cherry 
tret ), cornel berry, 002. 

corona, ae, - .'ami, 

wreak * 

corpus, oris, n., body, fornix 179, 206, 
;, etc. ; person, 773; bodily pres- 
e, 1 4 I ; fli v. 1 24 2 ; s&ft, 35 ; 

beauty, [9; j>1., limbs, 309. * 

corrigo, 3, rCxI, rectus (reg<~»), n^ 
straight; improve, better, amend, 
change (for the better), in, 4^7. 

corripio, 3, ripul, reptus (raj 
seize, snatch up, grasp, 493; attack, 
sweep away, 551; captivate, fasci- 
nate, charm, 1 309; fe& «/, begin, 
506. * 

cortex, icis, m., fori, 335, 882. 

Corycides, um, f. adj., <y" Corycium, 
a cave in Mt. Parnassus, Corycian, 
1161. 

costa, ae, f., ;-//», 1358. * 

crater, cris, m., mixing-bowl, bowl, 
906, 916. * 

creatus, see creo. 

creber, bra, brum, adj., (hick, abun- 
dant, S5S. * 

credo, 3, did!, ditus, give as a loan ; 
give credence, believe, trust, 387, 
438, 566, etc. * 

cremo, 1, burn, consume {by fire), 
4S4. 

Cre6, I, produce, bear; creatl, chil- 
dren, 995, 

CrepitO, I, — , — , frcq. (crepo, rat- 
tle), keep rattling ; rustle, murmur, 

crescO, 3, crevi, cretus, inch., come 
into ben: , increase, be en- 

larged or strengthened, 1 27, 331, 
. etc. 

crimen, inis, n., judgment; fault, of- 
fense, guilt, sili, 205, 8ll. 

I 1 KM Of UV. — 12 



crlnis, is, m., hair, (pi.) locks, tresses, 

crinitus, a, um, atlj. (crlnis), co: 
-with ha: raconibus, with 

>n locks, 1402. * 

crudelis, e, adj. (crudus, bl. 
rude, unfeeling, merciless, 1 
62, 1069. • 

cruentatus, a, um, adj. (p. of cru- 
cnto, make bloody), made bloody; 
blood-stained, bloody, 171, 693. 

cruentus, a, um, adj., sr 

blood, blood-stained, bloody, 61, 200, 
I25I. * 

cruor, oris, m., blood, gore, 18S, 207, 
1042; bloodshed, killing, 22 

criis, cruris, n., leg, limb, 291, 744, 
1044, 1 147; pi., heels, 1026. 

cublle, is, n., resting place; couch, 
bed (pb), 76. See socio. 

culmen, inis, n. (for columen), sum- 
mit ; roof, gable, 1 1 30, (pi.) 1 1 36. 

culpa, ae, 1"., fault, blame, guilt, 70, 

385. 
culpo, 1 (culpa), blame, criticise, 

demn, 22. 
cultor, oris, m., tiller; worsht ■ . 

1 1 68. 

cultus, us, m., labor ; pi., mam:.- 

life, 139S. 
cultus, see cold, 
cum, prep, with abl., with, together 

with, in the company of, 11, 27. 44, 

etc. * 

cum, oui'].. . ince, 

3". So, 03, etc. * 

cunctor, \, delay, linger, hesitate, 4^^ ; 
object, resist, 1 285. 

cunctus, a, um, adj. (for coniuncttn), 

all in a body, all together, all, 247. 
558, 685, 732, 1204; as noun, in. pi., 
everybody, 1333. * 



VOCABULARY 



187 



CupidS, inis, f., desire, longing, eager- 
ness, 107, 452; love, passion, 77. 

Cupido, inis, m. (cupldo, personified), 
Love, Cupid, 235. * 

cupidus, a, um, adj., longing, eager, 
desirous, 733, 131 2. 

cupio, 3, cupivl, cupitus, long for, de- 
sire, wish, 272, 273, 525, 848, 852. 

cur, interrog. adv. (quis; res), for 
what (reason) ; why ? wherefore ? 
25, 64, 602, etc. * 

Cura, ae, f., trouble; care, regard, 
anxiety, 64, 442, 961. * 

curalium, 1, n., coral, (pi.) 1382. 

euro, 1 (cura), care for ; care, care 
to know, 262. 

curro, 3, cucurri, cursus, run, hasten, 
24, 293, 516, 549. * 

currus, us, m., chariot, car, often pi. 
for sing., 395, 410, 422, etc. * 

Cursus, us, m., running, race, course, 
1, n, 16, etc.; pace, step, 307; 
journey, 1418; pi., course, 108, 
1015, 1123. * 

(curvamen, inis), only abl. sing.; 
nom. and ace. pi., n. (curv5), curv- 
ing, curve, bend, sweep, 478. 

curvatiira, ae, f. (curvo), curve, 456. 

curvo, 1 (curvus), curve, round, 430, 
43 h 540. 

curvus, a, um, adj., crooked ; curved, 
rounding, 511, 576, 1139; bent, 

I35 2 - 

cuspis, idis, f., point, head, tip, 252; 
sting, 540. * 

custodia, ae, f. (custos), watching; 
guard, guardian, 921. 

Custos, odis, m. and f., guard, guard- 
ian, 343; pi., guardians, parents, 
152. * 

Cyclades, um, f., a group of islands 
in the Aegean, 575. 



cymba, ae, f., boat, skiff, 1134. 
Cynthus, I, m., a mountain in Delos, 

the birthplace of Apollo, 993. * 
Cyprius, a, um, adj., of Cyprus, 

an island in the Mediterranean, 

Cyprian, 86. 
Cytherea, ae, f., Venus, from Cythera, 

an island sacred to her off the coast 

of Lacedaemon, 81. * 



Damasichthon, onis, m., a son of 

Niobe, 1043. 
damno, 1 (damnum), condemn, 18; 

curse, 846. 
damnum, I, n., hurt, harm, curse, 

803; destruction, loss, 554, 121 3. 
Danae, es, f., daughter of Acrisius, 

king of Argos, 787. 
Daphne, es, f., a nymph, 234. 
(daps), dapis, f., feast; pi., feast, 

viands, 790, 793, 794, 920. * 

de, prep. w. abl., down from, from, 

674, 813, 889, etc.; from, of, 105, 

IOIO, 1239; from, out of, 1088, 

1 166, 1 167; from, made of, 892, 

957> 1385; *»» 5 o8 > 6 32; by, 1247; 

about, concerning, 5. * 

dea, ae, f. (deus), goddess, 114,467, 

979, etc. * 

debeo, 2, ul, itus [for dehibeo 

(habeo)], withhold; owe, ought, 

143, 263, 264. 
decens, entis, adj. (p. of decet), becom- 
ing ; comely, fair, charming, 309. 
decerpo, 3, psl, ptus (carpo), pluck 

off, gather, 90, 782. 
decet, 2, decuit, impers., it is proper, 

beseems, befits, 239, 362. 
decido, 3, cidi, — (cado), fall off, 

fall down, fall, 1149. 






VOCABULARY 



declino, I, bend aside; turn 

alter, IoS, 4S0. 
declivis, e, adj. (euros), inclining; 

as noun, n., declivity, slope, descent, 

547- 
decor, oris, m., comeliness, beauty, 

charm, 30, 31, 270. 
decorus, a, uin, adj. (decor),/ 

ing; beautiful, charming, lovely, 

964. * 

decrescd, 3, crevi, cretus, grow less, 

shrink, diminish, recede, G03, 1181. 
decurro, 3, cucurri or curri, cursus, 

run down ; run off, run, 38. 
decus, oris, n., grace ; glory, splendor, 

beauty, 652. • 

dedecus, oris, n., disgrace, shame, 

8 S 2. 
deduco, 3, dux!, ductus, lead off, con- 
duct, 454; unfurl, I022. 
defer5, ferre, tull, latus, bring down, 

885 ; bring, waft, 83. 
deficio, 3, feci, fectus (faciei), with- 
draw ; transitive, unmake, (or- 

bem) be eclipsed, 652. 
defigo, 3, fix!, flxus, fasten down, 

bind dawn, 746. * 

defied, 2, flevl, fletus, weep at, be- 

mourn, bewail, 570, 935. 
defluo, 3, flux!, fluxus, f/oro down ; 

sink down, fall, 1018. • 

deformis, e, adj. (forma), unsightly, 

unshapely, 1 141. 
defrenatus, a, ran, adj., unbridled; 

unrestrained, 1 123. 
delenio, 4, soothe, charm, S3 1. 

delictum, I, n., jault, wrongdoing, 

131S. 
Delius, a, urn, adj. (Delofl , of Delos, 

an island in the Aegean, birthplace 

of Apollo, Deli, in; as noun, 111., 
Apdlo, 236. 



Delphicus, a. urn, adj. (PelphI),o/ 

Delphi, a iaim-us oracle of Apollo 

in 1'hocis, /V. 
delphin, mis, in., dolphin, 577, I 143, 
delubrum, i, n., //./ ing; 

temple, shrine, 4J5, 944, I 207. 
demens, mentis, adj. (mens), out of 

one's senses ; insane, mad, foolish, 

7»- 

demitto, 3, misi, missus, send .. 

1 1 02; plunge, thrust, 1S6; let 

down, p. demissus, hanging down, 

disheveled, 107S. * 

demo, 3, dempsi, demptus (emo, 

take), take away, remove, take, 274, 

783,986. 
denique, adv., and thenceforxvard '; at 

length, at last, finally, 105, 6SS; in 

short, in fact, 443. 
dens, dentis, m., tooth, 793, 794; 

Indus, ivory, S35. 
dependeo, 2, — , — , hang from ; 

hang down, be suspended, 1392. * 
deploro, I, weep bitterly; mourn, 

lament, bewail, 1 1 1 3. 
depono, 3, posul, positus, lay aside, 

put aside, 3S9, 991 ; quench, slake, 

165. 
deprecor, 1, avert by prayer ; plead 

against, 446. 
deprendo, 3, prendl, prensus, take 

away; seize, catch, 1 137; discern, 

detect, 442. 

derigesco, 2, rigul, — , inch., become 

stiff, grow rigid, 1 091. 
descendo, 3. BcendT, scensus (acandS, 

climb), climb down; go dawn, 

seen J, I 23 2. 
desero, 3, serul, scrtus, leave, forsake, 

abandon, 755. * 

desieram, see desin5. 
desino, 3, ail, situs, leave off, cease, 



VOCABULARY 



189 



finish, 395, 1004; end {in), go off 
{into), 1359. 

desisto, 3, stitl, stitus, leave off, cease, 
stop, 70, 1095. * 

desolatus, a, um, adj. (p. of desol5, 
leave alone*), left alone ; abandoned, 
deserted, 1 185. 

despecto, 1, — , — , intens. (despi- 
cio), look down on, 1257. * 

despicio, 3, spexi, spectus, look down 
{upon), 519. * 

desum, esse, fui, futurus, be wanting, 
be lacking, fail, 700, 1133. 

deterreo, 2, ui, itus, frighten off; 
deter, discourage, 41. 

detraho, 3, traxi, tr actus, drazv off ; 
take away, remove, 387; pull off, 
pluck, 779. 

detrudo, 3, trusi, trusus, thrust away ; 
thrust, push down, 742. * 

Deucalion, onis, m., son of Prome- 
theus, king of Thessaly; he be- 
came the father of Hellen, from 
whom the Hellenes took their 
name, 1159. 

deus, 1, m., god, 5, 8, 27, etc. * 

devius, a, um, adj. (via), out of the 
way; as noun, n. pi., byways, 
1409. 

dexter, tera, terum, and tra, trum, 
adj., on the right side, right, right 
hand, 366, 1018, 1351, 1386; comp. 
dexterior, right, 486. * 

dextra, ae, f. (dexter, sc. manus), 
right hand, hand, 334, 409, 693, 
etc. ; a dextra, on the right, 373. * 

Diana, ae, f., sister of Apollo, goddess 
of light and of the moon, 269. * 

dlCO, 3, dixi, dictus, say, tell, speak, 3, 
5, 18, etc.; call, name, 85, 218, 304, 
525, 1002, 1228; appoint, 162; 
shout, cry, 98. * 



dictum, T, n. (p. of dic5), that said; 
speech, zvord, 101, 451, 954, etc. * 

dies, el, m. and f., day, daylight, 396, 
642, 653, 766, 1260; lime, 1 182; 
personified, 373. * 

diffido, 3, fisus sum, distrust, 1231. 

diffugio, 3, fugi, — ,ffee in all direc- 
tions, scatter, disperse, 462. 

diffundo, 3, fudi, fusus, spread by 
pouring; relax, cheer, gladden, 
1398. * 

digitus,!, m., finger, 282, 785; pedum, 
toe, 741, 749. 

dignus, a, um, adj., worthy, deserving, 
befitting, becoming, 74, 176, 942, 
etc.; est, deserve, 391. * 

dimitto, 3, misl, missus, send down, 
send forth, 621. * 

dimoveo, 2, m5vl, motus, move aside; 
remove, take away, 881 ; separate, 
part, 1340. 

directus, a, um, adj. (p. of dirig5, lay 
straight), straight, 477. * 

diripio, 3, ripul, reptus (rapio), snatch 
apart ; tear off, tear, 699. 

dirus, a, um, adj., ill-omened ; dread- 
ful, awful, impious, 999. * 

dis, dltis, adj., rich, wealthy, 425. * 

discedo, 3, cessi, cessus, go apart; 
depart, go away, xvithdraw, 158, 
857, 1215. 

discors, cordis, adj. (cor), at vari* 
ance; contradictory, different, 1254. 

discrimen, inis, n., that which parts ; 
difference, distinction, 1132; risk, 
peril, hazard, danger, 53. * 

disicio, 3, iecl, iectus (iaci5), throw 
asunder; part, disperse, scatter, 
1 169. * 

dispens5, 1, distribute, dispense, 1067. 

dispersus, a, um, adj. (p. of dispergo, 
scatter), scattered, 705. 



IQO 



VOCAIiLLAKY 



dissilio, .1, ui. — (sali'\ leap), leap 
ap a . 5 7 1 . 

dissuaded. foist 

::nst; dissuade, 401. 

dlstO, I, — , — , Stand apart ; be far 

removed, be different, 989, 1062. 
diu, adv., by day, all day ; long, a 
:.; while, 103, 889, 924, 1 148, 

I2I8. * 

diurnus, a, urn, adj., of the day, i.e. of 

Vie sun, 1263. 
divello, 3, vclll, volsus, tear apart, 

rend in pieces, 179, 70S. 

diversus, a, am, adj. (p. of dlverto, 
turn aside), turned different mays; 
different, various, different kinds 
of, 251, 362, 10S5, IIOIJ apart, 
distant, remote, 634, 720; separate, 
opposite, 145. * 

dives, itis, adj., rick, wealthy, 443, 
797. * 

do, dare, dedl, datus, give, grant, be- 
stow, vouchsafe, commit, consign, 
12, 84, 93, etc.; exchange, 142; 
make, 910; cause, 235; utter, 40, 
1 21 5, 1223, 1276; render, offer, 
499; fulfill, 400; give up, 654; 
bestow, inspire, 82; inflict, 240 ; 
blow, 311. * 

doceo, 2, ui, doctus, cause to know; 

teach, show, 92. * 

doctus, a, urn, adj. (p. of doceo), 

taught; skillful, skilled, 837. 

doled, 2, of, iturus, feel pain ; g 

lament, 738, 1 194. * 

dolor, oris, in., fain, hurt, suffering, 

291, IO34; grief sorrow, IO56, 

1061, 1069; grievance, 999. * 

domina, ae, f. (dominus), mistress, 

dominus, I, m , master, owner, lord, 
306, 817, 854, etc. « 



domo, 1, domui, doaritut, d 

I . < :< . 
. 

domus, us, (., house, awellt 

home, 124, 133, 153, el 
hold, family, 876, 1 3 * 

donee, conj. (ddnicmn, until), as 
Icn- as, while, 949; until, till at 
length, 809. * 

dono, 1 (donum), give as a pr. 

give, present, 784. 
donum, i, n., gift, present, 425. 

792. * 

Doris, idis, {., daughter of Oceanus 

and wife of Xereus, 359. 
dos, ddtis, f., marriage portion, d 

87; endowment, 1334. 
ddtalis, e, adj. (dos), of a dowry; 

(given) as a bridal gift, 1337. 
draco, onis, m., serpent, dragon, 12S0, 

1347, 1402. 
dryades, am, f., wood nymphs, dryads, 

719. 

dubito, I (dubius), waver in opinion, 
be uncertain, doubt, hesitate, 
know, 51, 117, 200, etc.; 
be questioned, doubted, or suspected, 
368, 997. 

dubius, a, urn, adj., m 

ways ; as noun, n., doubt, uncer- 
tainty, 1230. * 

duco, 3, dun, ductus, lead, cor, 
gin,:'. . 487; lead off, .', 
121 ; lead on:. act, 

672; take on, receive, 132, I2j6j 
ply, r w, 1 135. * 

dulcedo, inis, f. (dull 
ness, charm, 838. 

dum, con)., so long as, -while, 27, 38, 
61, etc ; until, 1 269. * 

duo, ae, O, num. adj., tWO, 1 75, 226, 

250, etc. 



VOCABULARY 



191 



duplico, 1 (duplex), double; double 

up, bend double, 1082. 
duritia, ae, f. (durus), hardness, 

I383- 

(durities, ei), duritiem, f. (durus), 
hardness, 1235. 

durus, a, um, adj., hard (to the touch), 
rough, tough, unyielding, 703, 1009, 
1094, 1305, 1373; hard, cruel, 
harsh, 60. * 

dux, ducis, m. and f., leader, com- 
mander, general, 341. * 



£ 

ebur, oris, n., ivory, 35 1; {ivory) 

scabbard, 215. * 

eburneus, a, um, adj. (ebur), of ivory ; 

ivory-, white as ivory, 33. 
ecce, interjection, calling attention, 

lo ! see! behold! here! 163, 195, 

441, etc. 
edo, 3, didl, ditus, give out; publish, 

tell, declare, 39 1 ; utter, 940. 
edoceo, 2, cui, ctus, teach thoroughly ; 

show forth, explain, 1400. 
Edonis, idis, f. adj., Edonian, Thra- 

cian, 739. 
ediico, 3, duxl, ductus, lead forth; 

draw out, remove, 1041. * 

effero, ferre, extull, elatus, bring out; 

proclaim, publish, 852; pass., be 

buried, 1072. * 

efficio, 3, feci, fectus (facio), make 

out; bring about {that), make, 

cause, render, 772, 874. * 

efflo, 1, blow out; breathe out, exhale, 

433- 
effiuo, 3, flux!, — , flow out; slip out, 

escape, be lost, 1022. 
effodio, 3, fodl, fossus, dig out; dig 

up, excavate, 854. * 



effugid, 3, fiigi, — , flee from ; escape, 
avoid, 7, 480, 1356; be free from, 
798. 

effulgeo, 2, fulsl, fulsus, shine forth, 
492. 

effundo, 3, fiidl, fusus, pour out, 
waste, shed, 1042, 11 19. * 

eged, 2, egui, — , be in want; lack, 
need, want, 415; egens as adj., 
lacking, without, 790. * 

ego, mel, mihi, me, pers. pron., 7", 11, 
22, 26, etc. * 

egredior, 3, egressus (gradior), go 
forth; go up or out, proceed, go, 
161,172,484. * 

ei, dat. of is. 

ei, interj., Oh ! alas ! 305, 1016. 

eiaculor, 1, shoot out, throw out, spurt 
out, 191, 1048. 

eiecto, 1, intens. (eicio, throw out), 
cast forth, throw out, 562. 

elido, 3, elisi, elisus (laedo), strike 
out; dash, cleave, 248. 

eliido, 3, lusT, lusus, stop playing; 
avoid, evade, escape, 924; deceive, 
cheat, 787. 

eluo, 3, ui, utus, wash off, wash away, 
811. 

emico, 1, cui, catus, spring out; 
break forth, shoot {forth), 94, 
1049; dart forward, spurt, 188. 

emitto, 3, mlsi, missus, send out, 
send forth ,1105. * 

en, interj., calling attention, lo ! be- 
hold! see ! 594, 607, 677, 995. * 

enim, conj., postpositive,^;-, in fact, 
3, 670, 982, etc. ; sed enim, but in 
fact, but, 312, 683; neque enim, 
for . . . not, 370, 612. * 

enitor, 3, nixus or nisus, force a way 
out; make one's way, struggle up, 
412. 






V< N \i:n ARY 



ensis, is, m., A 

SI .;. I 
ed, Ire, ivi oc ii, iturus, uu, 

Ki etc.; 
1097; /aw, (14 j. 
eddem, adv. (Idem), to the same 
i the same (thin. . 

* 
Eous, a, am, adj.. of the morning; as 

noun, 111., Dawn t one of the sun's 

horses, 501. 
Epimethis, idis, f., Pyrrha, daughter 

of Epimetheus, 1224. 
epulae, arum, f., viands, feast, ban- 

quel, 90S, 1397. 
equidem, adv. (quidem), verily, truly, 

indeed, nay e: en, 593, 959. 
equus, I, m., horse, steed, 396, 412, 

466, etc. • 

ergo, conj., therefore, accordingly, 
_ then, 453, 877. 

Eridanus, i, m., a river in west- 
ern Europe (perhaps the Po), 

635- 

erigo, 3, rex!, rectus (rego), raise up; 
lift up, raise, 213. 

Erinys, yos, f., a /'my, goddess of 
revenge, 6S4. 

eripio, 3, ripul, reptus (rapio), snatch 
away; take away, tear away, 626, 
985, 1 192, 141 6; rescue, 610, 803; 
pass., tear oneself away, escape, 
320. * 

erro, 1, wander, rove, stray, 154, 
1269. * 

error, oris, m., wandering; uncer- 
tainty, doubt, 3S7 ; mistake (in one's 
course), w . 427. * 

eruo, 3, ul, Thus, cast forth ; draw out, 

tear out, IO42. 

et, con)., and, also, too, 9, 17, 19, etc; 

even, 895, I 389. * 



etiam. . iam ), andn 

. . . . 
etc * 

etiamnum. , still, 690, 

etsi, conj., though, although, 633. 

Eumolpus, i. 111 , a Thraeian hard, 
founder of the Kleusinian mys- 
teries, 763. 

Eurus, 1, m., the southeast wind, 
(pi.; 508. * 

Eurydice, es, f., wife of ( Irphens, 733. 

evanesco, 3, nui, — , inch., disappear, 
vanish, 465. 

eveho, 3, vex!, vectus, bear out ; bear 
away, 421. 

eventus, us, m., occur . lot, 

yfune, 41. 

evitabilis, e, adj. (evTtd, sh% 
able, 1023. 

evoco, I, call out, summon, 1 263. 

evolo, \, fly out, :h, 1105. 

ex or (before consonants) e, prep.w. 
abl., from within; from, o>. 
from, out of, 104, 176, 1S7, etc; 
on, in, 55S : in accordance with, 
40; ex online, in order, 4;;: 
aequo, equally, 129. * 

exactus, see exigo. 

exanimatus, a, um, adj. (p. of ex- 
animo, put out of breath), Ir 
dead, 579. 

exanimis, e, adj. (anima), /.-'-.' 
dead, (-47. 723, 1090. 

exaudio, 4, hear from (a distance) ; 

listen to, overhear, 211, 689. * 

excedo, 3, cessl, 

out, go forth, depart, 152; go be- 
yond, preclude, 986. * 
excido, 3, cidl, — (cado), //// out; 
fail (in), 639. * 

excipio, 3, cepi, ceptus (capid), take 



VOCABULARY 



193 



out; except, leave out, 408; receive, 
416, 635, 721, 1252, 1267. * 

excusd, 1, excuse, apologize fo?', 667. 

exemplum, I, n., sample, specimen; 
representation, 1200; abl. as adv., 
w. gen., in the manner of, like, 1255. 

exeo, Ire, il, itas, go forth, go out, de- 
part, 153, 463; come forth, rise, 
1 1 79 ; issue, flow, 810. * 

exerceo, 2, ul, itus (arceo), keep busy; 
work, till, 598. * 

exhalo, 1, breathe forth ; breathe out, 
7I3> 1036. 

exhibeo, 2, ui, itus (habe5), hold 
forth; show, exhibit, display, 1002. 

exhorresco, 3, horrui, — , inch, (ex- 
horreo, shudder), shudder, tremble, 
202. 

exigo, 3, egi, actus (ago), drive out ; 
drive, plunge, thrust, 1366; finish, 
complete, perfect, 1 240; consider, 
deliberate on, take counsel upon, 
28. * 

exiguus, a, um, adj., exact ; small, 
little, too little, slight, short, 203, 
890, 1262. 

exitiabilis, e, adj. (exitium), de- 
structive, fatal, deadly, 1 046. 

exitium, I, n., destruction, ruin, 601. 

exosus, a, um, p. (odi, hate), hating, 
detesting, 265. 

(expallesco) , 3, pallul, — , inch., grow 
pale, turn pale, 173, 325. 

expello, 3, pull, pulsus, drive out ; 
thrust out, remove, deprive {of), 
624; drive out, expel, 1048, 1284. * 

experior, 4, pertus, make trial of, try, 
test, 662. * 

expers, pertis, adj. (pars), having no 
part in ; having nothing to do with, 
renouncing, 261; without, 651. 

expono, 3, posul, positus, put forth ; 



wash ashore, leave exposed, expose. 

726. 
exsero, 3, serul, sertus, stretch out, 

thrust out, put forth, 582. * 

exsisto, 3, stiti, — , step out; stand 

forth, protrude, 575. 
exspatior, 1, wander from the track, 

543; overflow, 1 1 26. 
exspecto, 1, look out for ; ante ex- 

spectatum, sooner than looked for 

or expected, 1421. 
exsterno, 1, terrify greatly, frighten, 

747- 
exstinctus, a, um, adj. (p. of ex- 

stingu5, put out), deprived of life; 

dead, lifeless, 218. 
exsto, 1, — , — , stand forth, protrude, 

extend above, tower, 1025, 1173, 

1364. 
exstruo, 3. struxi, structus, heap up ; 

heap full, laden, 790. 
exsulto, 1, avi, — , freq. (exsilio, leap 

zip), leap vigorously ; jump up, leap, 

struggle, 748; exult, 1072. 
extendo, 3, tendl, tentus and tensus, 

stretch out, reach out, extend, 318, 

819. 
externus, a, um, adj. (exter, on the 

outside), outward; as noun, m., 

outsider, foreigner, 128 1, 
extremus, a, um, adj. (exter, on the 

outside), farthest, last; luna, wan- 
ing, in its last quarter, 465. * 
exuviae, arum, f., that stripped off ; 

spoils, skins, 258. 

F 

fabrico, 1 (fabrica, joiner's shop), 

make, fashion, 906. 
fabula, ae, f., narration; rwnor, 

tale, story, fiction, 2. 






.!:; ! \\:\ 



fades, — . em, 

. 

"P/ 

. i .. 
facilis. e, adj., easy to 

'■'< 43- 
facio. 3, fed, (actus, make, construct, 

; i, 347, etc.; ///,/Xv, 
render, \ take, 

251, 252, etc. ; . .-V to, 31 ; 

£tttf, 505, 770; grant, a 

601 ; </<>, 7S, 528; certain, in- 
form, 1057. 
factum, T, n. (p. of facio), that done; 

deed, ad, S05, 999, 1379, 13S9. * 
faex, faecis, f., grounds; brine (of 

pickles), sauce, 902. 
fagus, T, f., beech tree, 906. 
falcatus. a, urn, adj. (falx, sickle), 

sickle shaped; hooked, curved, 1359. 
fallax, acis, adj., deceitful; deceptive, 

false, 1225. 
fallo, 3, fefelli, falsus, trip; give the 

slip to, escape the notice of, 1 52, 1 61 ; 

deceive, cheat, 273,958; disappoint, 

195 ; beguile, pass away, 891 : \ 

be mistaken, 754. • 

falsus, a, um, adj. (p. of fallo), 

feigned; false, pretended, lying, 

3S; ; U . 141S. 

fama, ae, f., report, rumor, 1056; 

fama est, they say, it is said, 

579- * 

fames, is, f., hunger, 799. * 

famulus, i, in., attendant, servant, 

85I, * 

for. 
fas, indecl. noun, divine law; l"."is 

esse, be permitted, 405. * 

fastigium, i, n., top of a gable; pi., 



fateor, 2, 

. • :. 1 I . 
fatidicus.a.um.adj. (fltmn . 

. , . 
fatifer, fera, ferum, adj. (fatum , 
/v. xth; death dea* 

fatal, IO40. 

fatigo, 1. 

923- * 

fatum, T, n. (p. «»f for), utterance; 
fate, ill fate, death, 504, 6 1 6. 
935» JI 92; pi., the fates, fate, 75; 

fatum est, it is fated, 530. * 

fauces, ium, f., throat, fazes, 593. 

faveo, 2, favi, fauturus, be fav\ 
■ opitious, 1334. 

favllla, ae, f., cinders, hoi ashes, em- 
bers, 562, 595, 904. 

favor, oris, m., fa 
motion, cheering . 

favus, T, m., honeycomb, 914. 

fax, facis, f., torch, 243; pine kin- 
dlings, light -wood, 8 v 

fellx, icis, adj., fruiffu. 

fortunate, lucky, 74. 982, 1 074, 

1393- * 

femina, ae, f., u nan, 20, 941, 1 
woman kind, 1 247. 

femineus, a, am, adj. (femina''. 
, 1 247. 

femur, oris, n., thigh, 751. 

fera, ae, f. (ferus), wild /. 1st, 173. 
240, 303, etc.; p\.,fren& 
Afaenades, 707. * 

ferax, acis, adj., fruit bearing; fer- 
tile, fruitful, 1 155. 

ferinus, a, am, adj. 
animals, 1 * 

fero. ferre, tull, lStus, 
carry, to ... 

take with one, 393; hold, 972; /v</r, 
endure, 370, 563, 5S2, etc.; | 



VOCABULARY 



J 95 



be borne, go, rush, fly, 4 J 7, 512, 525, 
548, 632, 1256; turn, direct, 201, 
369,1064; experience, 482 ; direct, 
lead, 1 138; joy, 642; proffer, give, 
327, 616, 1214, 1329. 
ferox, oris, adj., wild, fierce, savage, 

1354. 

ferrum, I, n., iron, steel; sword, 
weapon, point, 186, 230, 1025, etc.; 
shears, 850. * 

fertilitas, atis, f. (fertilis, fruitful), 
fruitfulness, abundance, 596. 

ferus, a, um, adj., wild; fierce, cruel, 
savage, 180, 409, 726, 107 1. 

fervens, entis, adj. (p. of ferveo, be 
hot), warm, hot, burning, 187, 890; 
glowing, 560. * 

fessus, a, um, adj., wearied, tired, 
worn out, exhausted, 1 267. * 

festum, I, n. (festus), holiday ; festi- 
val, feast, 765. 

festus, a, um, adj., of holidays ; festal, 
joyful, merry, 39, 894. 

fetus, us, m., bearing; fruit, 106, 
192, 228. * 

fictilis, e, adj., made of clay ; as noun, 
n. pi., earthenware dishes, 905. 

fides, e, f., good faith ; genuineness, 
reality,']']']; fulfillment, 948 ; testi- 
mony, witness, 805. * 

fides, is, f., chord, string, 975; lyre, 

_8 3 5; 

fiducia, ae, f. (fidus), trust, confi- 
dence, assurance, 1 190, 1320. * 

fidus, a, um, adj., trusty, faithful, 
steadfast, 343. * 

f igO, 3, fixl, fixus, fix, fasten, set, 42, 
254, 1 01 6, 1099, 1349; pierce, trans- 
fix,2\^', press, imprint, 208; pass., 
catch, 1 138; -p. fixed (star), 545. * 

figura, ae, L,form, shape, 843 ; beauty, 
328. 



filia, ae, f., daughter, 263. 

filius, T, m., son, 245. * 

findo, 3, — , fissus, cleave, part, divide, 

!3 2 > 55 2 > i3°o- 

fingo, 3, flnxi, f ictus, touch, fashion ; 
form mentally, imagine, suppose, 
422, 788, 986. 

finio, 4, (finis), limit, bound, 820; 
end, finish, 329, 347, 451, 106 1. 

finis, is, m., that which divides ; limit, 
bound, 479; end, termination, 657, 
1029; pi., borders, land, premises, 
1281. * 

fio, fieri, factus, used as pass, of 
faci5, be made, be caused, become^ 
20, 133, 414, etc. * 

fissus, see findo. 

fistula, ae, f., pipe, water pipe, 189. 

fixus, see figo. 

flagro, I, flame; bum, be fired, 
452. * 

fl.am.en, inis, n. (fio, blow), blast, wind, 
310, 1 104. 

flamma, ae, f., blazing fire ; blaze, 
flame, 277, 350, 471, etc. *• 

flammifer, fera, ferum, adj. (flamma}, 
flame bearing ; burning, fiery, 503. 

flavens, entis, adj. (fiaveo, be yellow) ', 
yellow, golden, 907. 

flavesco, 3, — , — , inch, (flaveo, de- 
yellow), grow yellow, 938. 

flavus, a, um, adj., golden yellow; 
yellow haired, blond, 833. * 

flebilis, e, adj., to be wept over; tear- 
ful, mournful, lamentable, ]22 9 

723. 

flectd, 3, flexi, flexus, bend, bow, curve, 
237, 537, 1096, 1243; turn, direct, 
933, 1014, 1206; turn aside, avert, 
1212; guide, 517. * 

fleo, 2, flevl, fletus, weep, cry, shed tears, 
1098, 1 20 1; bewail, lament, 716. 



[o6 



\<), AIU LAKY 



fletus, us, m., "weepu:. 

■ 
flexus, see ilectd. 

florenaei w*)» 

Uossomin 

flllCtUS, us, in , 

1 151, 1 175, 1360. * 

fluito, I, fivl, — , freq. , 796. 

flumen, inis, n„ // wing; stream, 

river, 364, 717, 724, etc. * 

flu5, 3, fluxl, fluxus, flow, run, 7S7, 
1 107. * 

focus, T, m., fireplace, //ear//), SSl, 
908; altar, 13S5. 

fodio, 3, fodi, fossns, dig; dig up, 

cultivate, till, 703. 
foedo, I (foedus, foul), defile ; stain, 

bespatter, 1027. 
foedus, oris, n.. league; agreement, 

stipulation, compact, 40. 
folium, T, n., leaf, 679, SS2, 8S7, 

1374- * 

fons, fontis, m., spring, fountain, 

source, 157, 165, 569, etc. * 

(for), fan, fatus, defective, speak, say, 

1401. * 

foramen, inis, n., opening, orifice, hole, 

190. 
fore, foret, from sum. See grammar, 
foris, is, f.,, door, gate; pi., two . 

of a door, double door, folding door, 

entrance, 1 5 2, 344, 366, 461, 939. * 
forma, ae, f., form, shape, appearance, 

198,426, 1236, 1239; image, 1414; 

beauty, charm, 4, 14, 55, etc. * 
formldo, inis, f., fearfulness; far, 

terror, fright, 4 1 4, 54 1. 

formo, 1 (forma), make, fashion, 

formosus, a, am, adj. ( forma ), beauti- 
ful, handsome, v°4; '»■ pl-s ^ 

bea ut 1 J ul, 52. 



fornax, a< is, f., ///; •;• /•////, 

fors, fori; . 

forsitan, adv. | for fun 

be that, p, > . : ■ . 1. 424. 

forte, adv. (abl. of fors), by , I 
perchance, as it happ< 
275, etc * 

fortis, e, adj., strong; warlik 
strong men, man. . 
stout, brave, 2 1 6, I4OO; spir- 
ited, impetuous, IOIO; threatening, 
1385. * 

fortiter, adv. (fortis), sire; 
stoutly, vigorously, manfully, 475. 

fortiina, ae, f. (fors . 
hazard, 20, 44; personified, 
9S4. » 

foveo, 2, fovi, fotus, warm, 650. * 

fractus, see frango. 

fragor, oris, m., crashing; crash, 
1 1 IO. * 

fragosus, a, um, adj. (fragor"), crash- 
ing; broken, rough, precipe 
1409. 

frangd, 3, fregf, fractus, da. 

shatter, break, I * 

frater, tris, m., brother, 602, 604, 1078, 
etc. * 

fraternus, a. um. adj. (frater), of a 

brother, brother's, 541). 

fremens, cutis, adj. 1 p. of fremd, 
.1351. * 

frenum. I, n., pi. m. or n., I 

curb, bit, reins, 46 ). £32, 627, etc.] 

helm, 527. 
frequens, cutis, adj., und- 

in& ning (with), 1253. * 

frequento, 1 (frequens . visit fre- 

quently ; attend nu • U cng, 

7S9- 



VOCABULARY 



197 



fretum, I. n., strait; sea, water, 95, 
609, 818, 1419. * 

frondeo, 2, — , — (frons, leaves), put 
forth leaves, become leafy, 951, 

95 2 - 
frons, frondis, f., leafy branch; leaves, 

foliage, 331, 346, 553, etc. 
frons, frontis, f., forehead, brow, 587, 

1 108. * 

fructus, us, m., enjoying; fruit, 

crops, 596, 702. 
friiges, see friix. 
fruor, 3, fructus, enjoy, 269. 
friistra, adv., in error ; in vain, to 

no purpose, 747, 1083. * 

frutex, icis, f., shrub, bush, 956. 
(friix), frugis, f., fruit; pulse, grain, 

790, (pi.) 599. * 

fuga, ae, f., fleeing ; flight, running, 

293, 312, 326, 747. * 

fugax, acis, adj., apt to flee ; fleeing, 

fugitive, 323, 141 6. 
fugio, 3, fugi, fugiturus, flee, take 

flight, run away, 167, 168, 284, 

etc.; flee from, avoid, shun, 6, 256, 

288, 297, 308. * 

fugO, I (fuga), put to flight, chase 

away, frighten off, repel, 10, 251, 

253,492; drive away, 1 104. * 

fulgeo, 2, fulsT, — , flash, gleam, shine, 

252, 365- . 

fulica, ae, f., coot, 865. 

fulmen, inis, n., lightning flash, thun- 
derbolt, 409, 590, 619, etc. * 

fulvus, a, um, adj., deep yellow, golden, 
tawny, 89, 773, 794, 1 145. * 

fumo, 1, — , — (fiimus), smoke, steam, 
550, 606, 635, 636. 

fiimus, 1, m., smoke, steam, 563. 

funda, ae, f., sling, 1342. 

fundo, 3, fudi, fusus, pour, pour out, 
1110. * 



funestus, a, um, adj. (funus), causing 

death; deadly, fatal, 436. 
fungor, 3, functus, busy oneself; per- 
form, discharge, I 397. 
funus, eris, n., funeral procession ; 

burial, funeral, 1071, 1074. * 

furca, ae, f., fork, forked pole, 887; 

fork-shaped prop, brace, 937. 
furialis, e, adj. (furia, fury) , frenzied, 

mad, fearful, 682. 
furor, oris, m. (furo, rage), rage, fury, 

madness, frenzy, 700, 967. * 

fiirtim, adv. (furtum, theft) , by stealth; 

stealthily, secretly, 1407. 
fusilis, e, adj., molten, fluid, liquid, 

796. 
futiirus, see sum. 



Gallicus, a, um, adj., Gallic, 315. 

gaudeo, 2, gavisus sum, rejoice, 
exult, be glad, 10 1, 258, 500, 
etc. * 

gelidus, a, um, adj. (gelu, frost), 
frosty ; icy, cold, chilly, 157, 208, 
541, etc. 

geminus, a, um, adj., born together ; 
double, twofold, of tivo, 228; twin, 
double, 957; two, 536, 953, 994, 
1405. * 

gemitus, us, m. (gemo, sigh), sigh- 
ing; groaning, lamentation, 40. * 

gemma, ae, f., bud; precious stone, 
gem, 457, 835. * 

genae, arum, f., cheeks, 1093. 

gener, eri, m., daughter's husband; 
son-in-law, 263, 980, 1333, 1368. 

gener5sus, a, um, adj. (genus), of 
noble birth, high bom, 1397. 

genetrix, icis, f. (genitor), one who 
has borne; mother, 971. * 






.i-.ri.AkY 



genialiter, adv. (genialis, 

. 
genitor, oris, m., pat 

40. * 

genitus, i, m. (p. <>f gigi . 

. son, 1010. ( T. natus. * 
gens, gentis, f., race, tribe, :• 

tuition, 550, 974, 1 301. * 

genu, us, n., knee, 521. 
genualia, ium, n. (genu), garters, 

34- 
genus, eris, n., race, stock, family, 

ancestry, 4S, 524, 600, etc.; kind 

of people, 1398. ,: 

gero, 3, gessi, gestns, bear about, wear, 

have, 202, 346, 376, etC.J contain, 

363- * 

gestamen, inis, n. (gesto, bear), bur- 
den : pi., anus, 239. 

gestio, 4, TvT, — (gestus, bearing), 
gesticulate; be eager, long, 1 97. 

gigno, 3, genu!, genitus, produce, give 
birth to, beget, pass., be descended, 
438; p. as noun, m., descendant, 
sou (of), \v. abl. of person, 1010. * 

glacialis, e, adj. (glacies, ice), icy, 
frozen, 37S. 

glans, glandis, f., acorn, 827, 

gleba, ae, f., lump of earth, clod, 699, 
781, 1009. 

gloria, ae, f, pride ; glory, fame, re- 
■11, 247, 1272, 12N2. 

gl5rior, 1 (gloria), take pride in; 
boast, vaunt, brag, 973. 

Gorgo, (mis, f., a Gorgon; M- 

1331 

Gorgoneus, a, urn, adj., of the </. r- 

. 1251, 
gracilis, e, adj., slender; light, thin, 

lean, I 140. 

gradior, 3, gressus (gradus), take 

steps; walk, move, go, 42S, 847. * 



gradus, us, m., step, pace, 126, 

1 temple, 050, 1209. * 

gramen, inis, n., grass, 1140. 

grates, — , i". j >1 ., thanks, 500. * 

gratia, ae, f. (gratus), ftsvor; good 
m, friendship, 12N7; men, 
\rd for me, 604. 

gratus, a, uin, adj., beloved; pleasing, 

able, acceptable, 770. 
gravis, e, adj., hea: . 706, 

1012, 1 107, 1353, 1361; A 

deep, 329, 141 5; cruel, painful, 

harsh, 617. * 

gravitas, atis, f. (gravis), heaviness, 

t, IK), 5IO. 

gravo, I (gravis), make heavy, 1 

down, 2:2. 
gressus, us, m., stepping; step, 1064. * 
grex, gregis, in., flock, A 

295, 1268. 
gurges, itis, m., raging abyss; Zulf, 

sea, waters, II31. * 

gutta, ae, f., drop, 1251. 
guttur, uris, n., gullet, throat, 799, 

1025. 

H 

habena, ae, f., holder; pi., reins, 435, 

499, 517, etc. * 

habeo, 2, ui, itus, have, hold, 48, 228, 

253, etc.; contain, hold, 123, 356, 
443, 1 195, 1 1 90 ; ■'. 

339, 719. * 

habitabilis, e, adj. (habho), /it for 

an abode; habitable, 864. 
habito, I, freq. (hab< 

in, inhabit, 1S1, Si 5, 1 405. 

hac, adv. (hie; bc. vii), by this 1 
this way, here, 481, 545. * 

Eaemonius. a, am, adj. (Haemon, 
father of Thessalus), JIaemonian, 
Thessalian, 429. 



VOCABULARY 



IQ9 



haered, 2, haesi, haesiirus, hang, 
stick, ding, be fixed, 267, 332, 
1025, 1079; hesitate, be uncertain, 
199. * 

hamatus, a, um, adj. (hamus), fur- 
nished with a hook ; barbed, 252. 

hamus, 1, m., hook; barb, 1041; 
{crooked} blade (of a sword), 1352. 

harena, ae, f., sand, strand, 573, 726, 
758,1250,1373; arena, 696; track, 

94- * 

harundo, inis, f., reed, cane, 858; 

shaft, 253; Parts pipe, 822. 
hasta, ae, f., spear, shaft, 6jj. * 

haud, adv., not, 36, 382, 864. * 

haurio, 4, hausl, haustus, draw 'up, 
draw, 1372; drink up, drain, 
empty, 916; dig up, 855. * 

haustus, see haurio. 
haustus, us, m., drawing ; outpour- 
ing, shedding, stream, 185. 
Hebrus, I, m., a river of Thrace, 
720. * 

herba, ae, f., blade of grass, herb ; 
pi., grass, sward, 149, 1268; herbs, 

3°4, 305- * 

heres, edis, m. and f., heir, 1028. 
heros, ois, m., demigod; hero, 100, 

776. * 

Hesperides, um, f., daughters of 

Hespei-us, 784. 
Hesperius, a, um, adj., of Hesperus, 

of the west, western, 490 ; as noun, 

£,, Hesperia, the western land 

(Italy), 636. * 

hesternus, a, um, adj., of yesterday, 

yesterday's, 882. 
heu, interj., of grief or pain, Oh! 

alas! ah! 220, 1062. 
hiatus, us, m. (hid, yawn) , yawning ; 

wide open jaws, 730. 
hlC, dem. pron., this (near the 



speaker); this, he, she, it, 5, 15, 
25, etc.; the one, the latter, (pi.) 
some, 251, 254, 316, etc.; another, 
1137. * 

hie, adv., in this place, here, there, 
295, 638, 677, etc. * 

hiems, emis, f., winter ; personified, 
378. * 

hinc, adv., from this place, hence, 90, 
702; hinc . . . illinc, on this side 
. . . on that, 138, 820. * 

hinnitus, us, m. (hinnio, neigh) s 
neighing, 502. 

Hippomenes, is, m., son of Megareus, 
16. 

Hippotades, ae, m., son of Hippotas, 
Aeolus, god of the winds, 1296. 

hirsutus, a, um, adj., rough, shaggy, 
_378- 

hlSCO, 3, — , — , inch, (hio, yawn), 
yawn, open, 327. 

holus, eris, n., kitchen herbs, vege- 
tables, greens, 887. 

homo, inis, m. and f., human being, 
man, 846, 1200, 1239, 1264, 141 1. * 

honor, oris, m., honor, praise, reward, 
346, 447, 596, 657. * 

hora, ae, f., hour, 223, 946; time, 
1329; h5rae mediae, interval, 891; 
personified, 374, 466. 

horrendus, a, um, adj. (p. of horre5, 
stand on end, shudder), to be shud- 
dered at; dreadful, terrible, 141 3. 

horrens, entis, adj. (p. of horreo, 
stand on end), rough, bristling, 
1409. * 

horridus, a, um, adj., standing on 
end, bristling; rough, unkempt, 
296. * 

hortamen, inis, n. (hortor, urge), ex- 
hortation, 1 1 18. 

hortus, i, m., garden, 886. 



200 



VO VBULARY 



hospes. it is, m.. host; guests fi 

st>> * 

hospitium. i, n. . entertain- 

nn >:.', l J75. 

hostis, is, in. and f., stranger; ninny, 

* 
hue, a K. (hie), to this place, hither, 

179, S66; to this, 979; hue . . . 

ill C; . v and that, hither and 

Hut:: ,1255. * 

humanus, a, urn, adj. (homo), of 

man, human, mortal, 600, Si 3, 

S43- 

humi, adv. (locative of humus), on 
the ground, 1210. 

humilis. e, adj. (humus), low, hum- 
ble, S78. 

humus, I, m., earth, ground, 188, 7S0, 
834, etc. 

Hymen, — , m., god of marriage, 262. 

Hymenaeus, I, m., Hymen, god of 
marriage, 1 390. * 

Hypaepa, firum, n., a small town near 
Mt. Tmolus, in Lydia, 820. 



iaceo, 2, cul, — , lie, lie prostrate, lie 
dead, 1S8, 520, 627, etc.; he fallen, 
fail, drop, 542, 683, 1035; droop, 

211. * 

iacio, 3, ieci, iactus, throw, cast, hurl, 

Il6, 12JS. * 

iacto, 1, freq. (iacio), throw, hurl, 
toss, 619, 1217, [221, 1 381 j fling 

about, loss, blow, 33, <>7<>; move, 

ply, flap, 1332, 1420; Show off, 
display, para tie, S21. 

iactus, us, in., throwing, 112, 1247. 
iaculor, 1 (iaculum, javelin), hurl 

(as a javelin), 409. * 

iam, adv., at the moment, immcdl- 



>'!:■ , '• >', 724, I I76; 

. 2 12, 
2; iiL-'jue, no /. I 

2; iam iamque, continu 
moment, 317. * 

Iapetionides, ae, in., son of /,.• 

At: . . 1 . 
ibi, adv., in that place, dure, 156, 821, 

. etc. 
(ico), 3, ici, ictus, strike, hit, smite, 
1044. 

ictus, see ic6. 

ictus, us, m., blow ; force, beating, 
jet, 191. 

idem, eadem, idem, gen. eiusdem, 
cTem. peon., the same, 159, 224, 308, 
etc.; also, too, 343. -: 

ideo, adv., for this reason, on 
account, therefore, 297. 

ieiunium, T, n. (ieidnus, fisting), 
fasting, starvation, (pi.) 1 1 53. 

igitur, adv., then, therefc 
ingly, 67. 

ignarus, a, urn, adj. (gnarus, know- 
ing), ignorant, not knowing, un- 
aware, inexperienced, 504, 532, 
1052; blind, 235; infatuated, 
44S. * 

ignifer. fera, ferum, adj. (Ignis), fire- 
bearing, fiery, 407. 

Ignipes, pedis, adj. (ignis; pes),y/V>i- 
footed, 662. 

ignis, is, m., fire, /lame, jl 
heat, 23, 82, 131, etc. j pi., stars, 

14S; fame, love, passion, 1 308; 

light, 280^ 1 * 

ignoro, 1, not know, be unaware, 7S. 
ignosco, 3, novi. n5tua 

look; pardon, / ,21. 

ignotus, a, am, adj. (nStUS), un- 
knqwn, unfamiliar, 544. * 

Ilex, iciSj f., oak, holm oak, 779. 



VOCABULARY 



20I 



Ilioneus, el, m., son of Niobe, 1050. 

ilia, 5rum, n., groin, flanks, 186, 
1366. 

ille, ilia, illud, gen. illius, clem, pron., 
that yonder, that, he, she, it, 3, 14, 
31, etc.; the one, the former, the 
other, 251, 254, 316, 321, 699, 1083, 
1084. * 

illic, adv. (ille), in that place, yonder, 
Mere, 353> 4 2 4> 875, etc.; repeated, 
in one place . . . in another, yonder 
. . . yonder, 627. * 

iilinc, adv. (illim, thence') , from that 
place, thence ; hinc . . . iilinc, from 
this side . . . from that, from or on 
both sides, 138, 820. 

illuc, adv. (illic), to that place ; hue 
. . . illuc, hither . . . thither, this way 
and that, 1255. 

imagS, inis, f., imitation; likeness, 
representation, 365 ; appearance, 
1093; sight, vision, 1309; repre- 
sentation (of fact), 385. * 

imber, bris, m., rain, shower, 621, 
1020. * 

imitor, I, freq., copy after ; resemble, 
be like, 350. 

immaiiis, e, adj., monstrous, immense, 
large, 358. * 

immensus, a, um, adj., immeasurable- 
boundless, vast, endless, enormous, 
383, 505, 978, 1 150, 1322; as noun, 
n., the boundless air, space, 1254; 
in immensum, to enormous size, 
1294. 

immeritus, a, um, adj., undeserving, 
guiltless, innocent, 1303. 

immineo, 2, — , — , overhang, lean 
over, 324; overhang, overarch, 355, 
1323. * 

immitis, e, adj., not mellow; harsh, 
hard, stern, cruel, 14, 1304. * 



immitto, 3, mlsi, missus, send in ; let 
go, loose, relax, II 21; p. immissus, 
flowing, 965 ; immisso volatu, ivith 
a plunge, 1 350. 

immorior, 3, mortuus, die in ; die on, 
fall dying upon, 1084. 

immotus, a, um, adj., unmoved; im- 
movable, motionless, 1093. * 

immiinis, e, adj., not bound; exempt 
from, free from, 927. 

immurmuro, 1, whisper in, 855. 

impar, pans, adj., unequal, ill- 
matched, 824; too short, 898. * 

impatiens, entis, adj., intolerant, im- 
patient, 261. 

impedio, 4, entangle ; hinder, retard, 
119. 

impello, 3, pull, pulsus, strike against, 
beat, drive, 31 1. * 

imperfectus, a, um, adj., unfinished, 
308. 

impero, 1 (par5), command, order, 
bid, 466; control, govern, 518. 

impetus, us, m., assault; rapid mo- 
tion, force, 421; rush, fury, im- 
pulse, 544. 

impiger, gra, grum, adj., not indolent; 
nimble, active, after a rapid flight, 
249. * 

impius, a, um, adj., undutiful; wicked, 
impious, 927. * 

impleo, 2, plevi, pletus, fill up, fill 
full, complete, 503, 844, 131 7, 
1368. * 

impono, 3, posul, positus, place, put 
or lay upon, 365, 472, 893, 1375; 
put, make, 1029; press upon, 
1080. * 

importunus, a, um, adj., unfit; cruel, 
harsh, unkind, 75. 

impositus, see impono. 

impulsus, see impello. 



202 



VO UJULARY 



impulsus, us, m, striking against; 

. i 
impune, adv. I impunis, 
without punishment, unpunx 

737- 
imputo, l, attrx < . . usrge 

. 070. 

imus, a, um, adj. (contracted for 
intunus), inmost, lowest; I 
part of 229; below, at the base, 
at the roots, S45; as noun, n. 
pi. (sc. aequora), depths, bottom, 
576. 

in, prep. w. ace. anil abl., in ; w. ace., 
into, to, 66, 167, 170, etc.; into, 
toward, 115, 1259; into, over, 538; 
upon, against, 407, 623, 678, 693, 
750; for, 216, 217, 396, 593, 698; 
/';/ respect to, in, S46; in vices, in 
turn, 139; in praeceps, headlong, 
417, 631 ; in adversum, against, 
420; in obllquum, in latus, side- 
wise, slantwise, 478, 101S; in quan- 
tum, OS far as, at the poi>it to which, 
741 ; w. abl., in, on, upon, 42, 72, 
92, etc.; on, over, 35, 360, 372, 
490; in, on the part of, S28; in, 
at, 1 1 55; in promptu, in one's 
power, easy, 434. 

Inachides, ae, m., sou of Inachus, 
Icing of ArgOS; Perseus, 1352. 

inanis, e, a<lj., empty, void, 514; tin- 
peopled, 1 1 84; as noun, n., empty 
air, void, spaee, IOI9, 1350. 

incalesco, 3, calui, — , inch., grow 
warm, Income heated, 435. 

incedo, 3, is, come on, ad- 

vance, 1 37 1. * 

incendium, i, n., burning; /ire, con- 
ition, 556, 642. * 

incertus, a, um, adj., not fixed; un- 
decided, doubtful, uncertain, i>>>>. 

1 l.l.M i>l <>\ . 13 



incipio, ;. 

fin, 1044. • 

includ '. 

clc ... 

1 1 10. 
incognitus, a, um, adj., 

not looki * 

incola, ae, in. and !'., . 

dent, 294, 957. 
incresco, 3, crevl, — , grow up n ; m- 

crease, swell, be swollen, 7 1 
incumbo, 3, cu!>ul, cubitus, 

self; fall upon, fall on, 230. 

1066; bend to one's task, make an 

effort, "spurt;' 9S. * 

incurso, 1, freq. (incurrf., run into), 

run against, dash or strike against, 

546, 1 144. 
incurvo, 1 (incurvus. 

pass., be doubled up, writhe, 1034. 
indago, 1 (indu = in), trace, , 

out, track, 244. 
inde, adv., from that pi 

379, 500, 693 S8i, 

1205, 1224, 1254. * 

indeiectus, a, um, adj., not cast .. 

1 130. 
indicium, I, n., notice: testi 

evidence, 856. 
indico, 1 (index, one who point* 

point out ; 

known, [321. 
indigena, ae, adj. (indu — i;. . 

from . as noun, m., native, 

85- 

indignandus, a, um, adj. (p. of in- 
dlgnor i, to 

. ., . . 896. 

indignor, 1 (indignus), deem un- 

resent, 1 .:', be 

* 

indignus, a, um, adj., unworthy; un- 



VOCABULARY 



203 



deserved, cruel, 68; undeserving, 
205, 290. 

indolesco, 2, dolui, — , feel pain; 
mourn, grieve, be pained, 775. 

indotatus, a, um, adj., without dozvry, 
portionless, 1390. 

indued, 3, duxl, ductus, lead in; bring 
on, draw over, collect, gather, 618, 
620, 665, 1 104. 

induo, 3, ui, utus (indu = vol), put on, 
assume, clothe, 847, 1 1 1 1 . * 

induro, I, — , — , make hard; harden, 
petrify, 730, 1377. 

Indus, a, um, adj., of India, Indian; 
dentes, ivory, 835. 

ineo, Ire, IvI and il, itus, go into, enter, 
1396. 

iners, ertis, adj. (ars), without skill ; 
unskillful, incompetent, 43; inac- 
tive, sluggish, 915. 

infectus, a, um, adj. (factus, faci5), 
not done ; unfinished, undone, 991. 

infelix, Icis, adj., unfruitful; un- 
happy, unlucky, hapless, ill-starred, 
216, 520, 1028. * 

inferior, ius, gen. oris, adj. (comp. of 
inferus, below), lower; inferior, 
1286. 

inferius, adv. (n. of Inferior), lower 
down, below, 549; too lozu, 485. 

infernus, a, um, adj. (Inferus, be- 
low), lower; of the lower regions, 
infernal, 572. 

inferS, ferre, tull, latus, bring in; in- 
flict, 728. * 

infestus, a, um, adj., made unsafe; 
infested, 1253. 

inficio, 3, feci, fectus (faci5), slain, 
tinge ; paint, 37. 

infitior, 1 (Infitiae, denial), not to 
confess ; deny, 382. 

Infra, adv. (for infera, sc. parte), on 



the under side; below, beneath, 
1301 ; quam, lozver than, 588. 

infractus, a, um, adj. (p. of infringo, 
break), broken; curved, 686. 

infundo, 3, fiidl, fusus, pour into; 
breathe into, put into, infuse, 1 198. 

ingemo, 3, gemui, — , groan over ; 
give a groan, 1034. * 

ingenium, I, n., that bom in one; 
mind, nature, 816. 

ingens, gentis, adj., not natural; 
huge, vast, 1264; loud, deafening, 
685. * 

ingratus, a, um, adj., unpleasant; 
ungrateful, unthankful, 143. 

j.nhaereo, 2, haesl, haesus, stick fast; 
fasten {on), 317. 

inhibeo, 2, ui, itus (habeS), hold in; 
restrain, check, curb, stay, 293, 476; 
hinder, prevent, 543. 

inimicus, a, um, adj. (amicus), un- 
friendly, hostile; as noun, f., en- 
emy, foe, rival, 1072. * 

iniquus, a, um, adj. (aequus), un- 
equal, one-sided, cruel, 16; un- 
friendly, hostile, 52; discontented, 
complaining, 874. * 

iniustus, a, um, adj., unreasonable ; 
unfair, zmjust, 841. 

inlino, 3, levl, litus, smear over; 
spread upon, lay on, 907. 

inlitus, see inlino. 

inlustris, e, adj., light; bright, shin- 
ing, brilliant, 398. 

innatus, a, um, adj. (p. of innascor, 
grow on), grown on, native, 1 1 73. 

innocuus, a, um, adj., harmless, inno- 
cent, inoffensive, 1 1 68. 

innubus, a, um, adj., unmarried, un- 
wedded, single, 8. 

innumerus, a, um, adj., countless, 
numberless, 242, 691, 1 30 1. 



•04 



iBULARY 



innuptus, a, um, a<li., unmarried, 

unwedded, sin 
inops. opis, adj. (ops), -without re- 

■hit nt, »U.: , I : 
; mentis, f. 
. 541. 

inornatus, a, um, adj., unadorned, 
without or n a m ent, -~ >. 

inquam, defective verb, say (after 
one 01 more words of a quota- 
tion), IO, 26, 52, 

inquiro, 3, quislvi, <|uisitus (quaero), 
seek after ; try to find out, inquire, 
ask, 294. 

inquit, see inquam. 

inrequietus, a, um, adj., restless, with- 
out repose, 656. 

inritus, a, um, adj. (ratus, deciding), 
undeciding; in vain, ineffectual, 
unavailing, useless, 710, 11 14. 

inroro, 1, bedew, sprinkle, 1205. 

insanus, a, um, adj., unsound; mad, 
iug, 684. 

inscius, a, um, adj., not knowing, 
ignorant, 496, 1308. 

insequor, 3, secvitus, follow after, pur- 
sue, 286, 293, 322. * 

Insero, 3, serai, sertus, put in, thrust 
in, 442. 

Insidiae, arum, f. , snares, hidden 
dangers, pitfalls, 426. * 

insono, [,sonui, — , sound upon ; play 
on, 829; roar, resound, 1322. 

inspiro, 1, blow upon: breathe into, 
1175. * 

instabilis, e, adj., unsteady, 512; 
movable, S45. 

instar, indecL, n., likeness; w. gen., 
like, 202. 

insto, I, stiti, staturus, stand upon; 
pursue, beset, 9; wge, press, en- 
treat, insist, 131S. * 



instrictus, a, um. adj. (p. <>f Instrin^'"., 

, bound; inlaid, 
instruo. 3, striixi, striictus, build in ; 

pr, ■ • 

insum, incase, Enfal, be in one, render 

one has, 57. 
intellego, 3, lexi, lcctus, understand, 

/12. 
intemptatus, a, um, adj., untouched ; 

untried, 26. 
inter, prep. w. ace, bett 

among, 5S4, 1090, 1 145 ; inter sc, 

*her, 1223, 131 2. * 

interdum, adv., sometimes, at times, 

occasionally, 531, 632. * 

interea, adv. (inter ea), in the m 

time, meanwhile, 501, 651, 891, 916, 

1222. * 

intereo. Ire, ii, itiirus, go am 

perish, 65, 6 1 7. 
interius, adv. (n. of interior, inner), 

within, 1094. * 

internodium, I, n. (nodus, knot), 

place between two joints, 1045. 
interritus, a, me. adj., undismayed, 

undaunted, not afraid, 57. 
intexo, 3, texui, textus, weave in, in- 

terweave, 963. 
intibum, I, n., endive, succory, 903. 
intimus, a, um, adj., inmost, 1040. * 
intono, I, Ul, — , thunder, 622. 
intonsus, a, um, adj., unshorn, with 

tei>,345, 1043. 
intra, adv., on the inside ; within, 
intremo, 3, tremul, — , tremble, shake 

to the center, 521, I 125. 
intro, 1, go into, enter, 36S, 878, 

1 11S. 
introitus, Qs, m. (intrS), going in; 

entrance, 1405. 
intus, adv., 011 the inside; wit/iin, 
442. * 



VOCABULARY 



205 



inutilis, e, adj., useless; tinservice- 

able, harmful, injurious, 770. 
inveh.6, 3, vexl, vectus, bear on {to), 

724. * 

invenio, 4, venl, ventus, come upon; 

discover, find, 170, 733. 
inventum, 1, n. (p. of inveniS), in- 
vention, discovery, 303. 
invided, 2, vidl, visus, look askance 

at; grudge, refuse, deny, 224. 
invidia, ae, f., envy; jealousy, 25; 

ill will, hate, unpopularity, 69. 
invidiosus, a, urn, adj. (invidia), full 

of envy ; to be envied, enviable, 

758, 1065. 
invidus, a, um, adj., envious, envying, 

83; stingy, hateful, 140. 
invisus, a, um, adj. (p. of invideS), 

detested, hateful, 800. * 

invitus, a, um, adj., against the will; 

unwilling, reluctant, 103, 500. 
invoco, I, call tipon, appeal to, 81. 
involvo, 3, volvl, volutus, roll upon; 

enwrap, envelop, 563. 
Iovis, see Iuppiter. 
ipse, a, um, dem. pron., self, himself, 

herself, in person, very, even, 7, 27, 

91, etc.; in ips5 aere, right in mid- 
air, 680. * 
Ira, ae, f., anger, passion, 654, 964, 

II 15, 1171, 1212; spite, 235. * 

irascor, 3, Tratus (Ira), be angry, be in 

a rage, 1058. 
Iris, idis, f., goddess of the rainbow, 

messenger of the gods, 11 12. 
is, ea, id, gen. eius, dem. pron., this, 

that, 13, 134. * 

Ismenos, I, m., one of the sons of 

Niobe, 1013. 
iste, a, ud, gen. Tus, dem. pron., that, 

that of yours, 239, 270, 327, 402; 

such, 131 1. 



ita, adv., in this 7nanner, thus,'so, 52, 
525, 589, 1 186, 121 1. 

iter, itineris, n., going ; way, road, 
course, 426, 481, 518; passage way, 
channel, 136. * 

itero, 1 (iterum), do a second time, 
repeat; iactata, throw repeatedly, 
1381. 

iterum, adv., a second time, again, 
in. 

iuba, ae, f., mane, 1026. 

iubeo, 2, iussi, iussus, command, bid, 
order, 88, 389, 812, etc.; bid, 
prompt, 53, 178. * 

iudex, icis, m. and f., judge, umpire. 
54, 824, 825, 828. 

iudicium, I, n. (iudex) , judgment, de- 
cision, 840, 943. * 

iugalis, e, adj. (iugum), of a yoke; 
marriage, nuptial, 265. 

iiigerum, I, n., juger, a measure of 
land containing about two thirds 
of an acre, acre, 241. 

iugum, I, n., yoke, 457, 510, 626; 
mountain peak, ridge, 1291, 1365; 
slope, side, 808. * 

iung5, 3, iunxi, iunctus, yoke, harness, 
466; join, unite, 141, 223, 480, 
1312; in marriage, 872; join, 
clasp, 1033; ordine iunctus, con- 
tinuously, in succession, 766. 

Iuno, onis, f., Juno, sister and wife 
of Jupiter, 996. * 

Iuppiter, Iovis, m., Jupiter, king of 
the gods, 299. * 

iiirandus, see iurd. 

iur5, 1 (ius), swear, take an oath, 394, 
397; swear by, 449. 

ius, iuris, n., that binding; bond, rites, 
127; power, authority. 1059; con- 
trol, 396. * 

iussum, 1, n. (p. of iubeo), that 



2o6 



Vo( Ami.AkV 



ordered ; order, command, 467, 

* 

iuste, adv. (vastus), rightly, j% 
iustus, a, urn, adj. (ids), just, > 

' >ight, 94 1, 1 21 1; proper, 
:i.\ir, 511. * 

iuvenalis, e, adj. (iui tthful, 

345, 4981 872. 

iuvenaliter, adv. (iuvenalis), in the 

manner of a youth, -with youthful 
strength, 1 16. 

iuvenilis, e, adj. (iuvenis), of youth ; 
youthful, 1030. 

iuvenis, is, adj., young, youthful, 313, 
769; as noun, young person; m., 
young man, youth, iS, 24, 30, 
etc. 

iuvo, I, iuvi, iutus, help, aid, as- 
sist, 27, 4S9, 1 1 16. * 



labd, I, totter; roll, 5 1 1. 

labor, 3, lapsus, glide, float, 721 ; slip 

down or off, fall, 168; p. labens, 

entis, as adj., flowing, 808. * 

labor, oris, m., labor, toil, exertion, 

effort, 326, 657, 1114, 1371; e.xer- 

cise, 1029; trouble, difficulty, 476. * 
laboro, I (labor), toil ; be in distress, 

suffer, 607. 
lac, lactis, n., milk, 903. 
lacer, era, erum, adj., torn; broke)!, 

shattered, 629. 
lacertosus, a, urn, adj. (lacertus), 

muscular, brawny, 703. 

lacertus. t, m.,arm (from the shoulder 

to the elbow), uffer arm, 205, 267, 
28 \, etc. 
lacrima, ac, f., tear, 184, 207, 650, 
etc. * 



lacus. i the, pool, 569. 

laedY' 

;. ZOO, 1221, 

1373; insult, offend, » 

laetus, a, urn, adj., joyful, cJU 
happy, rejoicing, 341, 13 

- % 776. * 

laevus, a, urn, adj., left, on th 

1386; as noun, f., sc. manus, left 
hand, left arm, 1413; a lae\ 
parte, on the left side, 373, 836, 
1288. • 

lamina, ac, f., thin plate (of metal), 
gold leaf, 794. 

lanio, I (lanius, buteher), tear in 
. rend, mangle, 171, 206, 
646, 1037. 

lapis, idis, in., stone, 6S0, 729, i:r, 
1233. 1293. * 

lapsus, iis, in., falling; course, flight, 
1005. 

laqueus, T, m., noose, snare, 743. 

largus, a, urn, ad)., abundant, bounti- 
ful, 1 39 1. * 

lascivus, a. urn, Adj.fWanton, 
playful, frolicsome, 238. 

lasso, 1 (lassus), make faint, w 
exhaust, 1 149. 

lassus, a, urn, adj., weary, faint, ex- 
hausted, 104. 

late, adv. (latUS), broadly; far and 
wide, on all sides, 629, 818, 1007, 
1 109. * 

latebra, ac, f., hiding :.eal- 

ment, riddle, 1222. 

lateo, 2, Ul, — , lie hid, hide, be con- 
cealed, 155, 284, 580, I084, II3I. * 

Latius, a, am, adj., of Latium, Latin, 

LatOna, ae, f., the mother of Apollo 

and Diana, 90S. 

Latous, a, am, adj., of Latona, 1063. 



VOCABULARY 



207 



latus, a, um, adj., wide, broad, 154, 
478,618, 1 156, 1323. * 

latus, eris, n., side, flank, 115, 1358; 
in latus, sidewise, 1018. * 

laudo, 1 (laus), praise, commend, ex- 
tol, 23, 282. 

laurea, ae, f. (laureus, of laurel}, 
laurel tree, 347. 

laurilS, I, f., laurel tree, laurel, 340, 
&33> 990. 

laus, laudis, f., praise, commendation, 
glory, honor, 244; title to praise, 
achievement (i.e. swiftness), 4. * 

lavo, 1 or 3, lavl, lautus or lotus, wash, 
bathe, 786. 

lea, ae, f., lioness, 169. 

leaena, ae, f., lioness, 164. 

lectus, I, m., couch, bed, 893, 896. 

lectus, see lego. 

IcgO, 3> legi, lectus, gather ; read, 
649. * 

Lenaeus, I, m., of the wine press ; an 
epithet of Bacchus, 802. 

lenis, e, adj., soft, gentle, 860. 

lente, adv. (lentus), slowly, deliber- 
ately, 847. 

lentus, a, um, adj., pliant ; tough, 
tenacious, clinging, 748. 

leo, onis, m., lion, 181, 287, 1145; 
the constellation Leo, the Lion, 
429. 

lepus, oris, m., hare, 315. 

Lesbos, i, f., an island in the Aegean 
Sea, 725. 

letum, 1, n., death, destruction, 57, 
218, 1085. 

levis, e, adj., light, slight, 274, 285, 
311, etc. * 

levitas, atis, f. (levis), lightness, 512. 

leviter, adv. (levis), lightly, slowly, 
904. 

levo, 1 (levis), lift up, raise, 507; 



support, 930; take down, 887; 
lighten, mitigate, alleviate, 592. * 
lex, legis, f., law; condition, stipula- 
tion, terms, 13, 15, 1 336; sine 
lege, carelessly, 259; recklessly^ 

545- * 

liber, era, erum, ■&&}., free ; permitted, 
allowed, 491. 

Liber, erl, m., an Italian god identified 
with Bacchus, 775. 

liber, brl, m., inner bark (of a tree), 
330- 

llbero, I (liber), free; shake free, 
clear, 826. 

llbo, I, take as a sample; pour as a 
libation ; dedicate, consecrate, 1 205 ; 
touch lightly, graze, 94. * 

libro, 1 (libra, balance), poise, 622. 

Libycus, a, um, adj., of Libya, Libyan, 
African, 1250. 

Libye, es, f., Libya, Africa, 568. * 

licentia, ae, f. (licens, p. of licet), 
freedom, license, unrestrained lib- 
erty, 1 1 50. 

licet, 2, iicuit and licitum est, it is 
lazoful ; it is per7nitted, it is al- 
lowed, 61, 399, 401, etc. * 

lignum, I, n., gathered wood ; wood, 

337> 75°- 

ligo, I, unite ; bind, fasten, 740, 1298. 

ligo, onis, m., mattock, hoe, 706. 

limbus, I, m., border, fringe, 34. 

limes, itis, m., path, track, 367, 478. 

limus, I, m., slime, mud, 1183. 

lingua, ae, f., tongue, 722, 1002, 1094, 
1303- 

liquidus, a, um, adj., flowing, run- 
ning, 786; watery, liquid, 1 1 65; 
clear, transparent, 902, 1300; clear, 
settled, 1204. 

liquor, 3, — , be fluid; dissolve, melt, 



20S 



VI H Mill. Ma- 



liquor, oris, in., fluid; liquid, waUr, 

litus, oris, n.. . 490, 

725. 1133. 1 1 so, 1 3 * 

livens, cutis, a«.lj. (p. of Eve 

, </./;•/{•, /, 1347. 

locus, I, in., pi. loca, oram, n., //</<-<•, 

.r/V/, region, 150, i etc.; 

place for rest, loaging, SoS; pL, 
land, ground, IlSl; region, 1 
locum dare, make room, 910; (.11- 
versa locu, in different places, 
720; mediua loc5, in the tenter, 

31 '• * 

longe, adv. (longus), a long way off, 
far, far off, 105, 603, 1049, etc. * 

longus, a, urn, adj., long, continued, 
extended, 84, 1 34, 176, etc.; great, 
909. * 

loquor, 3, locutus, speak, say, 130, 
«45i 307» etc. * 

lorum, T, n., thong; pi., ;v?;/5, 475, 
493,541,626. * 

luceo, 2, luxl, — , be light; shine, 
glitter, sparkle, 372. 

Lucifer, feri, m. (m. of lucifer, light- 
bringing), the morning star, son 
of Aurora, 463; hence day, 76S. 

luctor, i (lucta, wrestling), wrestle, 
Struggle, content/, 1031. • 

luctUS, us, m., Sorrow, mourning, 
grief, 227, 472, 640, 654, IO70. 

lucus, I, m., sacred grove ; wood, grove, 
424, 1 142; clump, 858. * 

lugeo, 2, luxl, liictus, mourn for, la- 
ment, 717. 

lugubris, e, adj., of mourning; sor- 
rowful, sorrowing, mourning, 045, 

1324- 

lumen, inis, n., light, 352, 371, 458, 
etc.; eye, 977, 1030, 109 1, 1307, 

I3I7, I \nt>. * 



luna, ae, f., moon, 1 66, 465; pei 

Bed, * 

luo, 3, lui, — , Amj 

« 

lupus, I, m., wolf, 2S7, 1 145. 

lustro, 1 (lustrum, sacrifice of puri- 
fication), purify; to xnder 
.7., i, 261. * 

lux, lucis, f., //^///, 15S, 3S3, 

sunlight, daylight, 276, 694; life, 
1061. * 

luxit, see lugeo. 

Lyaeus, I, m. {deliverer from cares), 
a surname of Dacchus, 737. * 

Lydus, a, am, adj., of Lydia (in 
Minor 1, I ydian, 768. 

lymphatus, a, urn, adj. (lympha, 
-water), frenzied, frantic, 

Lyncides, ae, m , descendant of I yn- 
ceus, father of Atlas ; 

1 399- 
lyra, ae, f., lute, lyre, 6S1, 720, 722. 

1392. 

M 

macto, I (mactus, honored^, honor ; 
sacrifice, slay, 922, 1 387. 

madefacio, 3, \'^a, factus | madeo, 

be wet: faciei), make w 

steep, 193. 
madesco, 3, madul, — , inch, (madeo, 

be wet), become wet, 

moistened, 1301. 
madidus, a, am, adj., drip- 

ping, 530, 1 105. 
Maenades, urn, f., Ba male 

followers of Bacchus, 692, 
maerens. entis, adj. I p. of maere5, 

be sad), mourn i' 

751. 
maestus, a, urn, adj., ///// 

sorrowful, gloomy, 714, 1092. * 



VOCABULARY 



209 



magis, adv., more, all the more, 31, 

101, 131. * 

magnanimus, a, um, adj. (magnus; 

animus), great souled, high spirited, 

presumptuous, 459. * 

magnus, a, um, adj., large, great, 

mighty, 49, 402, 555, etc. * 

maior, maius, gen. maioris, comp. of 

magnus, greater, 410, 984. * 

male, adv. (malus), ill, poorly, not 

aright, 496, 772, 806. 
malo, malle, malui, — (magis; vol5), 

choose rather, prefer, wish, 51, 

5 2 3- 

malum, I, n., apple, 118, 912. 

malus, a, um, adj., bad, wicked, evil ; 
as noun, n., evil, misfortune, calam- 
ity, 643, 645, 776, etc. * 

mando, I (manus) , put in hand '; de- 
liver, consign, commit, 488. 

mane, adv. (mane, morn), in the 
morning, 41 1. 

maneo, 2, mansl, mansus, stay, re- 
main, tarry, wait, 286, 2S7, 806, 
etc.; wait for, await, 1328; be 
left, 1200. * 

manes, ium, m., departed spirits, 
shades, world below, 614. 

manifestos, a, um, adj. (manus), 
plainly seen, clear, distinct, 481, 
1238. 

m Ino, I, avl, — , flow, drip, trickle, 
1 100, 1307. 

manus, us, f., hand, 21, 91, 215, etc. * 

mare, is, n., sea, 413, 444, 512, etc. * 

maritus, a, um, adj. (mas, male), of 
marriage; as noun, m., husband, 

975- 

marmor, oris, n., marble, 939, 1239; 
gravestone- 649; pi., stone, 1 100. 

marmoreus, a, um, adj., made of mar- 
ble, marble, 1 308. 



massa, ae, f., kneaded dough; lutnp, 
mass, 903; nugget, 782. 

mater, tris, f., mother, 585, 1013, 1057, 
etc.; pi., matrons, women, 739. * 

materia, ae, f. (mater), stuff, matter, 
material, 353; means, source, i.e. 
fuel, 554. 

maternus, a, um, adj. (mater), of a 
mother, maternal, 1 221, 1303, 1320. 

maturesco, 3, maturui, — , inch, (ma- 
ture, ripen), become ripe, ripen, 
859. 

matiitlnus, a, um, adj. (Matuta, god- 
dess of dawn), of the morning, 
morning-, 696. 

maximus, a, um, adj., superl. of 
magnus, greatest, largest, 1152; 
great, mighty, 634, 971. 

mecum = cum me, see ego. 

medicamen, inis, n. (medico, drug), 
drug, ointment, 470. 

medicina, ae, f. (medicus, physician), 
the art of healing, surgery, medi- 
cine, 303. 

medius, a, um, adj., middle, central, 
middle of, 88, 412, 721, etc.; in the 
midst, 344, hence inclosed, 354; 
medius loc5, placed in the middle, 
central in position, 379 ; medio, in 
medio, in the middle, 42, 485, 914; 
intervening, 1342; horae, interval, 
891 ; parte, half, 283. * 

medulla, ae, f., marrow, 255; pith, 

1376. 
Medusa, ae, f., a Gorgon, 1288. 
Megareius, a, um„ adj., of Megareus, 

son of Megareus, 100. 
Megareus, el, m., son of Onchestus, 

and father of Hippomenes, 46. 
melior, ius, gen. oris, adj., comp. of 

bonus; better, more upright, 1163; 

more gentle, better disposed, 756; 



?TO 



VOC.M'.l I.AKV 



. - - . <Horf beautiful, 

fa i * 

melius adv., comp. of bene, better ; 

* 

membrum, i, n., limb % member (of the 
body), 201, .etc. * 

memor, oris, adj., mindful of, remem- 
bering , 1275. * 

niemorabilis, e, adj. (memoro), that 
may be told ; notable, famous, glo- 
rious, 49, 1 24 S. 

memoro, 1 l memor . bring to remem- 
brance ; relate-, tell, 1 321. * 

mens, mentis, f., mind, heart, soul, 57, 
129, 817, 874, 1 1 9 1 ; mentis inops, 
frantic, 541. 

mensa, ae, f., table, 789 (pi.), 897, 
898; 'pi., feast, banquet, 970; se- 
cunda, dessert, 910. 

mensis, is, m., month; personified, 

373- * 

menta, ae, f., mint, 900. 

mentior, 4, invent; state falsely, 
falsely boast, 12S3. 

Mercurius, i, m. (merx, wares), Mer- 
cury, god of trade, messenger of the 
gods, 1386. 

mereo, 2, ul, itus, deserve, be worthy 
of, 590, 601, 602, 663; meritus as 
adj., deserved, 926; deservedly), 
800. 

mergo, 3, mersl, mersus, dip; plunge, 
sin/:, submerge, 933, 113C; over- 
whelm, 1 2 14. 

mergus, 1, m., diver (a water fowl), 
865. 

meritum, I, n. (p. <>f mereo), thing 

deserved ; deserts, kindness, serv- 

1334- * 

meritus, a, am, adj. ( p, of mereo), de- 
served, merited, 926 '\/>'), 
800. 



Merops, opis, m., a king of F.thi 

5 2 5- 

merum, i, n. | m 

unmt . 760. * 

messis, is, f., gather;; 

harvest, sheaf 
meta, ae, f., cone ; goal, a conical 

column at the end of the course. 

105; turning point, bounds, 490 ; 

course, rau * 

Methymnaeus, a, am, adj.. of Me- 

thymna, a town on the island of 

I 1 sbos, Methymnaean, 725. 
metior, 4, mensus, measure, estimate, 

529j 

metuens, entis. adj. (p. of metu<".\ 
fearing; deorum, god-fearing, 1 1 64. 

metuo, 3, ul, — (metns), fear, be 
afraid, 974, 1 279. * 

metus, as, m., fear, alarm, dreaa\ 
apprehension, 178, io;, 440,986. * 

meus, a, um, poss. pron. (me), my, 
mine, 20, 62, 70, etc. * 

micans, antis, adj. (p. of mico, shine), 
shining, /lashing, glittering, spar- 
Ming, 2S0, 350, 388. * 

Midas, ae, m., a king of Phrvgia, son 
ofCybele, 

mille, adj., indecl., a thousand, 

S69, I 166, I I67, 12! & • 

minae, arum, f., threats, mena . r, 667, 
12S4. 

minax, acis, adj., jutting out, tk 
ening, 707. 

Minerva, ae, {., goddess of wisdom, 
901. 

minimus, a, urn, adj., superL of par- 
vus; smallest, lea .'. 137, 1 

v small, ; . . •:: . 021. 

IO54. 

minister, tri, m., servant, attendant, 
789. 



VOCABULARY 



211 



ministro, i (minister), serve; supply, 
furnish, 600. * 

minitor, I (minor, ^W forth), threaten, 
540. 

minor, minus, gen. 5ris, comp. of par- 
vus; smaller, less, 247. * 

minuo, 3, ul, utus, make small ; cut 
into small pieces, break zip, 885. 

minus, adv. (minor), less, 392. * 

mirabilis, e, adj. (mlror), marvelous, 
wonderful, 1379. * 

miraculum, 1, n. (mlror), marvelous 
things ; pi., strange sights, monsters, 

534- 

mirator, oris, m. (mlror), admirer, 
1274. 

miror, 1 (mlrus), marvel at, wonder 
at, wonder, 31, 459, 935, etc. * 

mirus, a, um, adj., strange, marvel- 
ous; in exclamation, Oh marvel, 
721. * 

misceo, 2, miscul, mixtus, mix, min- 
gle, blend, join, 208, 795, 911, 1285, 
1360. * 

miser, era, erum, adj., wretched, un- 
fortunate, poor, miserable, 73, 218, 
222, etc.; sad, grieving, 1325. * 

miserabilis, e, adj. (miseror, lament), 
to be pitied ; wretched, miserable, 
225, 640. 

miserandus, a, um, adj. (p. of mise- 
ror, lament), to be pitied, 1065; 
wretched, 177, 1193. * 

misereor, 2, miseritus (miser), feel 
pity, pity, have compassion, 605, 
803. 

mitis, e, adj., mild, gentle, merciful, 
804, 1 214, 1237; delicate, 599. 

mitto, 3, misi, missus, let go, send, 
shoot, 933; let fall, throw, hurl, 
106, 623, 666, etc.; furnish, give 
up, 908. * 



mixtus, see misceo. 
moderamen,inis, n. (moderor), means 

of managing; control, management, 

guidance, 396, 415. 
moderate, adv. (moderatus, p. of 

moderor), with moderation ; slowly, 

gently, 292, 293. 
moderor, 1 (modus), set a measure; 

manage, guide, control, 1012. 
modestus, a, um, adj. (modus), keep- 
ing due fneasure ; modest, (pred.) 

modestly, 1315. 
modicus, a, um, adj. (modus), in 

proper measure ; of a tolerable 

size, moderate, 863. 
modo, adv. (modus), by a measure; 

o?tly, merely, 641, 928; if only, 

provided, 1334; just now, but now, 

a little while ago, 22, 241, 332, etc.; 

modo . . . modo (nunc), now . . 

now, at one time . . . at another, 

547> 734, 1353, 1354- * 

modulor, 1 (modulus, small meas- 
ure), measure rhythmically ; ac- 
company, 822. 

modus, I, m., measure ; moderation, 
restraint, 684; way, manner ; qu5 
modo, how ? 1194. * 

moenia, ium, n., defensive walls, city 
walls, 555, 976, 1007, 1280. * 

moles, is, f., mass, weight, pile, 1404; 
bank, dike, 360, 1 1 20. * 

molior, 4 (moles), ?nake exertion; 
drive, guide, 483. 

mollid, 4 (mollis), make soft, soften, 
685, 1009, 1236; carpet, 1374. * 

mollis, e, adj., yielding; tender, soft, 
softened, 50, 330, 892, 1045. * 

monitum, I, n. (p. of moneo, advise), 
advice, warning, counsel, 474, 1231. 

monitus, us, m. (moneo, advise), ad- 
vice, warning, command, 451. 



2 i 2 



VOCAIU I \KV 



mons, montiSi m., mountain, m 
tain * 

monstrum, i. n., divine omen; mon- 
ster, 1248, 1377. 
montanus, a, mn, adj. (mons), of 
untains, mountain-, 815, 1151. 

monumentum, i, n., that which re- 
minds; memorial^ reminder, 228. 

mora, ae, f., delay, 84, 100, no, etc; 
slowness, 119; /<//w of time, time, 
1236. • 

moribundus, a, um, adj. (morior), 

dyings spiring, 1080. 
morior, mori, mortuus, <//<•, expire, 

1S7; p. moriens, as adj., dying, 

1017, 1061. 
moror, 1 (mora), delay, go more 

slowly, 102. 
mors, mortis, f., </ c y////, 13, 212, 219, 

etc. * 

morsus, us, m. (mordeo, bite), biting; 

teeth, jaws, 1 So, 320, 728, 1356. * 
mortalis, e, adj. (mors), subject to 

death ; mortal, human, 404, 866, 

1101, 1 199. * 

morum, I, n. (moras), fruit of the 

mulberry tree, mulberry ', 1 94. 

morus, T, f., mulberry tree, 1 57. 

mos, moris, m., will, habit; way, 
manner, 1 354; pi., character, na- 
ture, 1399. r 

motus, us, ni., moving; movement, 
motion, 1 1 25; struggles, 745; 1110- 

tus reddere, more, 1096. 

moveo, 2, nidvi, mot us, move, stir, set 
in mot/on, 506, 619, 860, etc.; tOSS, 
shahe, </>4 ; ply, I 300; prompt, 3 l 3 ; 

ajfcit, influence, touch, movi . 56, 84, 

710, IO53, I 21 5, IJ2<); pass., wn;r, 

845. 
mox, adv., toon, presently, afterward, 

later, - , - , <», 047, 980, 1-07. 



mucro. '"mis, m., sharp point, point, 
229. 

mulceo. 2, niulsi, mulsus, stroke; 
'.-. 1 1 72, 1 225. * 

Mulciber, eri, m., an epithet of Vul- 
can, 353. 

multifidus, a, am, adj. (multus), 
many-cleft, divided into many 
. 884. 

multo. adv. (al)l. n. of multus), by 
much, by far, much, 985. 

multus, a, um, adj., much, abundant, 
copious, 169; great, 702; \>\.,many, 
1088; as noun, m., many (men), 
260; n. sing., much, 528; pi., 
many things, a great deal, 151, 
985; multum as adv., rcry, 222. * 

mundus, I, m., world, universe, 3S3, 
443, 464, 505, 655. 

munlmen, inis, n. (munid, defend), 
means of defense; defense, pro- 
tection, 1401. 

munus, oris, :i., service, office, pur- 
pose, 698; duty, Junction, 1397; 
reward, gift, boon, 114, 392, 403, 
etc. * 

murex, ids, m., purple-fish, a prickly 
shellfish, 1 173 ; purple made from 
the murex, 834. 

murmur, uris, n., murmuring, whis- 
per, 137, 150; prayer, 992. * 

murmuro, 1, avi, — (murmur), mur- 
mur, whisper, 723. 

murus, I, m., wall, 125, 863. * 

muscus, I, in., m, . 1 

mutabilis, e, adj. (muto), change- 
able, <pen to persuasion, 403. 

muto, 1, freq. (moveo), change, trans- 
form, after, 328, I 243. * 

mutuus, a, um, adj. (muto), bor- 
rowed; mutual, :01th one another, 
954- 



VOCABULARY 



21.3 



N 



nais, — , pi. naides, um, f., water 
nymph, Naiad, 636, 719. 

nam, conj., for, you know, 232, 353, 
640, etc. * 

namque, conj. (nam que), for, and 
in fact, 46, 1 195. * 

naris, is, f., nostril, 433. 

narro, I (gnarus, knowing), make 
known; tell, relate, 197, 951, 959, 
1403. 

nascor, 3, natus, be bom, be produced, 
spring, 1374, 141 7. * 

nata, ae, f. (natus), daughter, 264, 
359, 580, etc. * 

natS, I, freq. (n5), swim, float, 579. 

natura, ae, f., birth; nature, charac- 
ter, 1237, 1382. 

natus, a, um, adj. (p. of nascor), 
sprung from ; as noun, m., son, 400, 
437, 470, etc. ; pi., children, 1000. * 

navig5, I (navis), sail, cruise, 1137. * 

navis, is, f., boat, ship, 511, 1338. * 

-ne, enclitic particle; as adv., in an 
interrogative sentence, 422, 596; 
as conj., in indirect question, 
whether, or, 4, 875. * 

ne, conj., not; that not, lest, 24, 195, 
290, etc.; as adv., not, 449. * 

nebula, ae, {., mist, vapor, cloud, 507, 
1 108. * 

nec or neque, conj., not, and not, but 
not, repeated, neither . . . nor, 10, 
48, 55, etc.; not even, 220; neque 
iam, no longer, 562. * 

nec5, 1, kill, put to death, destroy, 925. 

nefas, indecl., n. (fas), impiety; 
wrong, outrage, 740, 1226. 

nego, I, say no ; deny, refuse (a per- 
son something), 60, 75, 323, 400, 
655; deny (a fact), 390, 982. 



nemo, — , nemini, m. and f. (ne; 
hom5), no one, nobody, 659. 

nemus, oris, n., woodland, grove, 
261. * 

nepos, Otis, m., grandson, descendant, 
264, 504. 

Neptunius, a, um, adj., of Neptune, 
Neptmtian, 80, 106. 

Neptunus, I, m., god of the sea, 
47. * 

neque, see nec. 

nequeo, 4, Ivi, — , be unable, cannot, 
1243. * 

nequiquam, adv. (quisquam), in 
vain, to no purpose, 145. 

Nereis, idis, f., daughter of Nereus, 
Nereid, sea-nymph, 1143. 

Nereus, el, m., a sea god, 579. 

nervosus, a, um, adj. (nervus), sin- 
ewy, muscidar, 1045. 

nervus, I, m., sinew; cord, bowstring, 
237, 1032, 1075; string, pi., lyre, 
300, 675. 

nescio, 4, ivi, — , not know, be igno- 
rant, 296, 565; w. quis, quid, / 
know not who, some one, something, 
243, 722. * 

nescius, a, um, adj., unknowing, in 
one's ignorance, 406. * 

neu or neve, adv., and not, nor, and 
that not, and lest, 120, 154, 665, 
etc.; repeated, and not . . . nor, 
486, 487. * 

nex, necis, f., death, 68, 182, 663. 

(nexus, us) m. (only abl. sing, and 
pi., and nom. pi.), binding to- 
gether; grapple, clasp, embrace, 
1031. 

niger, gra, grum, adj., black, dark, 
539, 567, 888. * 

nihil, indecl., n. (ne, hilum, trifle), 
not a bit; nothing, 1093, 



2I 4 



YO( A1U LAKY 



nil, foi nihil, nothing; as adv., m no 

nimbus, i, m., > , loud, rain 

2, I IO7, I I IO, ] 169. * 

nimis. .1 lv., beyond measure-; 

much, too (m:i 

nimius, a, am, adj. (nimis), beyond 

measure-; too much, too great, 142, 
c;i2: .-.'. 18. 

Ninus. i, m., a king of Assyria, hus- 
band of Semiramis, 155. 

Niobe, es, f., daughter of Tantalus, 

wife of Amphion, 962. 
nisi, conj. (ne; si), if not, 616, 1234; 

unless, except, 10, 91, 894, etc. 
niteo, 2, nitul, — , shine, glitter, gleam, 

8S. * 

nitidus, a, um, adj. (niteS), gleaming, 

sparkling, s/iini/ig, 1 07, 1 1 6, 351, 

1030. 
nltor, 3, nlxus and nlsus, bear upon 

(with the knees); exert oneself, 

struggle, strive, 420, 931, 1365. 
nitor, oris, m. (niteo), brightness; 

beauty, charm, m. 
niveus, a, urn, adj. (nix, snow), snowy; 

snow-white, 156. 
nlxus, see nitor. 

no, I, avi, — , swim, float, 359, 1 145. * 
nocens, cntis, adj. (p. of noceo), 

hurt nig; guilty, culpable, I 77. 
noceo, 2, cui, citurus, do harm, hurt, 

in jure, 774, 816, 9S4, I 231. 
nocturnus, a, um, adj. (nox), of night, 

14*. 

nolo, nolle, nolul, ■ — (ne; volo), wish 

. . . not, be unwilling, 63, 73, 1 3 19. 
numen, in is, n , meant of knowing ; 

name, 85, 256, 384, etc.j fame, 

reputation, 4.9. * 

nomino. 1 (nSmen), call by name, 

cult, 311. 



non, adv. (for n . oenam= 

unun 

* 

nondum, adv., not yet, 22, 195, 496, 
1204, 1 321. 

nos, pi. of 

nosco, 3, novT, notus, get knon 
of; pf., know, 53 ]. 

noster, tra, trum, poss. adj., of u ; 
our, my, 59, 69, 82, etc. * 

nota, ae, f., means of recognition ; 
mark, bruise, 679. 

notitia, ae, f. (notus), being h>: 
acquaintance, 1 26. 

noto, I (nota), mark; scratch, 291 ; 
mark, notice, observe, 38, 134. 

notus, a, um, adj. (p. of nosco), 
kr. II known, familiar, 

1S4; customary, usual, 1204. * 

Notus, T, m., the south wind, 1 105. * 

novitas, atis, f. (novus), newness, 
novelty, 379; strangeness, un usual- 
ness, 797, 918. * 

novus, a, um, adj., new, fresh, 1378; 
new-formed, $},^\ ne-w, stra 
II5IJ early, 375; superl., last, 
38, 223, 463. * 

nox, noctis, f., night, 146, 151, 159, 
etc. * 

niibes, is, f., cloud, vapor, mist, 618, 
620, 1006, etc. * 

nubila, (drum,) n. (pi. of niibilus, 
cloudy), clouds, ram clouds, 550, 
1109, I [69, l [91. 

nubo, 3, DUDS!, nQptUS, Veil oneself; 

be marrie 

nudo, 1 (nudus), make naked; lay 

bare, expose, uncover, 309; strip, 
despoil, 1182. * 

nudus, a, um, adj., naked, bare, ex- 
posed, un \ \, 376, 1025. * 

nullus, a, um, gen. lus, adj. (ne; 



VOCABULARY 



215 



ullus), not any, none, no, 62, 305, 
427, etc.; as noun, m., no one, 91, 

134. 543, 996. * 

numen, inis, n., nod ; divine will, 

command, power, 1202, 1245; di- 
vinity, god, 364, 665, 804, etc.; 

shrine, oracle, 969, 1 168, 1226. * 
numerS, 1 (numerus), count, reckon, 

number, 58. 
numerus, 1, m., number, 988. * 

numquam, adv. (ne; umquam), at 

no titne, never, 523. 
nunc, adv. (num), now, at present, 

98, 99, 114, etc. * 

nuntia, ae, f. (nuntius, messenger), 

messenger, 1 1 II. 
nuper, adv., newly, recently, 236, 1 135. 
niirus, us, f., daughter-in-law, 980; 

■matron, 673. 
nutrio, 4, nourish, foster, keep alive, 

278, 883. 
niitus, — , u, m., nodding; nod, 130. 
nux, nucis, f., nut, 911. 
nympha, ae, f., bride ; young woman, 

nymph, 254, 286, 287, etc. * 



0, interj., O, oh, 102, 181, 222, etc. * 

obdiico, 3, duxl, ductus, draw before ; 
cover, conceal, veil, 640. 

ObeD, ire, ivi, itus, go to meet; come 
upon, cover, 333. 

obiecto, i,freq. (obicid, throw before}, 
throw against ; cast up, charge, re- 
proach with, accuse of, 670. 

Oblino, 3, levi, litus, smear over, be- 
daub, 164. 

Obliquus, a, um, adj., sidelong ; ab 
obllquo, sideways, 116; in obli- 
quum, obliquely, 478. 

oblitus, see oblino. 



oblitus, see obliviscor. 

Obllviscor, 3, litus, forget, 13 10. 

Oborior, 4, ortus, rise, spring up, ap- 
pear, 522, 1 186, 131 7. 

obruo, 3, rui, rutus, overwhelm, 1150; 
cover over, bury, 857, 861. * 

Obscurus, a, um, adj., dark, dusky, 
167; hidden, obscure, 1222. * 

obsequor, 3, seciitus, follozu; cojnply, 
yield, 270. 

obsero, 3, sevl, situs, sow; cover, 
strew, 1357. 

Observo, I, watch, guard, keep, 296. 

obsitus, see obsero. 

Obstipesco, 3, stipul, — , inch., be- 
come senseless; stand amazed, be 
astounded, be thunderstruck, 21, 
107, 1218. * 

Obsto, I, stiti, — , stand before ; stand 
in the way {of), thwart, resist, op- 
pose, 140, 507. * 

Obstrepo, 3, ul, — , make a noise 
against ; drown out, 688. 

obstriido, 3, trusl, trusus, thrust 
upon ; p. obstrusus, hemmed, bor- 
dered, edged, 718. 

Obtusus, a, um, adj. (p. of obtund5, 
beat against), blunt, dull, 253. * 

Obvius, a, um, adj. (via), in the way ; 
to meet, 310, 423, 808. * 

OCCasus, us, m., falling ; setting (sc. 
s5lis), sunset, west, 531, 1188, ' 
1259. * 

occido, 3, cidl, casus (cad5), fall 
dozun; perish, die, 67, 1054, 1089. 

OCCupo, I, take possession of, take, 
seize, 329,498, 11 34, 1348. 

OCior, ius, adj., comp., swifter, fleeter ; 
284, 323. 

oculus, I, m., eye, 196, 212, 281, etc. * 

odi, odisse, osurus, defective, hate, 
653, 798. 



2l6 



Vi M ABULARV 



odor, «">ris, m., uent, odor, in 

* 

Oetaeus, a, tun, adj., of Mt. OeU 
Thessaly); Oetaean, Thessalian, 

1 1 54. 
officium, i, n. (for opificium; o] 

senicf, kind// . 597, 055; 

io 39- * 

olim, a< i\ .. at that time ; once upon a 

tunc, formerly, 132, 8(14. * 

Olympus, 1, in., a high mountain on 

the border of Thessaly, the home 

of the gods, 408. * 

omnipotens, entis, adj. (omnis; po- 

tens), all-powerful, almighty, 6\$. * 
omnis, e, adj., all, the whole, every, 

130, 388, 571, etc.; as noun, m. pi., 

everybody, all, 306, 841, 1052, etc.; 

n., everything, 245, 380, 588, etc. * 
Onchestius, a, um, adj., of Onchestus, 

son of Onchestus, 46. * 

onus, eris, n., load, burden, 119, 

513- * 

opacus, a, um, adj., in the shade; 

dark, thick, 8, 585. 
operio, 4, perm, pertus, cover, cover 

over, 857, 1364. 
opifer, fera, ferum (ops), aid-bringing, 

helper, 303. 
oppono, 3, posul, positus, place 

against; put (to), hold out, 587. 
oppressus, see opprimo. 
opprimo, 3, press!, pressus (premS, 

press), press against; p. oppressus, 

adj., buried, /alien, sinking, 

586. * 

(ops), opis, f., aid, help, support, 84, 

327, 616, [214, 1 1*95 I' 1 - riches, 

wealth, ' ;■>$, 814, 978. * 

optimus, a, am, adj., Buperl, of bonus, 

i; best, fairest, most fertile, 86. * 

opto, 1, choose, sclni, wish for, desire, 



24, 63, 182, etc.; hope, / 

p. optita, aa noun, n. pi., choice, 

774- 

opus, eris, a., :«•< rk, labor, toii, 704, 
1297 1 'I. ; exeri ise, 1030; ; 
statue, 1 kmanship, 

45'i; aim, pu> ; . 251 ; m . 
6, 1 1 20. * 

oraculum (oraclum), \, n. (oro), di- 
vine announcement, oracle, 273, 
1 162, 1226. 

Orbis, is, m., ring; circle, disk, 652, 
1014; earth (with or without terra- 
rum), 303, 355, 558, etc.; course, 
421; region (of the earth), 634; 
shore, 1261. * 

Orbo, I (orbus), deprive; bereave, 
661. 

orbus, a, um, adj., deprived, robbed, 
bereaved, 9S9, IOOI, 1089. 

6rd6, inis, m., rcni<, line, circle, 456; 
ex online, in a row, in order, 457, 
516; iunctus online, in succession, 
without intermission, 766; nullo 
online, 7vili/ly, passionately, 1066. * 

orgia, drum, n., orgies, rites (of Bac« 
chus), 763. 

Oriens, entis, m. (p. of orior), the 
rising sun, the Hast, \ i\. * 

OrigO, inis, f. (orior), beginning; 
source, origin, 58. * 

orior, 4, ortus, crise, begin; rise, 
start, 508, I298. * 

6r6, I (6s), speak ; pray, entreat, 292, 
920, 1336. * 

Orpheus, el, m., a Thracian bard, son 
of Apollo and ( lalliope, 075. 

ortus, a, am, see orior. 

ortus, us. m. (orior), rising 
sSlis), hence east, 460, 531, 118$ 
[259; n . n> ■-. Hrth, 391, 

6s, oris, n., mouth, lips, 104, 139, 43;, 



VOCABULARY 



217 



etc.; jaws, 171, 320, 1015; face, 
features, head, 72, 173, 2,2,2,, etc. * 

OS, ossis, n., bone, 255, 647, 648, etc. * 

OSCulum, 1, n. (os), little mouth; pi., 
lips, 281; kisses, 142, 147, 184, 
etc. * 

ostendo, 3, tend!, tentus (tendo), 
stretch out; point out, show, dis- 
close, 956, 1170, 1 183. * 

ovis, is, f., sheep, 1 145. 

ovum, I, n., egg, 904. 



pabulum, I, n., food ; pi., grass, fod- 
der, 553. * 

paciscor, 3, pactus, agree together; 
bargain, stipulate, agree, 1335. 

Pactolos, I, m., a river of Lydia, with 
sands of gold, 757. 

pactum, I, n. (pactus), thing agreed; 
agreement, stipulation, 158. 

pactus, a, um, adj. (p. of paciscor), 
agreed on, appointed, 183. 

Paean, anis, m., Apollo, god of heal- 
ing, 347- 

paene, adv., nearly, almost, 13 10. 

paeniteo, 2, ul, — , make sorry ; 
impers., it repents one, one is sorry, 

397- * 

palaestra, ae, f., wrestling school ; 
wrestling place, palaestra, 1030. 

palatum, 1, n., roof of the mouth, 
palate, 1094. 

palla, ae, f., pallium (a long robe 
worn by the Greeks), cloak, man- 
tle, 834. * 

palled, 2, ui, — , be pale ; be discol- 
ored, 1208. 

pallesco, 2, pallui, — , inch, (palleo), 
grozu pale ox yellow, be yellow, 521, 
780. 



pallidus, a, um, adj., pale, pallid, 
202. * 

palma, ae, f., palm (of the hand), 
hand, 786, 787; palm tree, fruit of 
the date palm, (dried) dates, 911. * 

palus, udis, f., swamp, bog, marsh, 
394,933, 1165. 

paluster, tris, tre, adj. (palus), 
marshy, swampy, 865, 870. 

Pan, Panos, m., god of the woods 
and shepherds, son of Mercury, 
815. 

pando, 3, pandi, passus, spread out; 
declare, tell, 13 13; p. passus, di- 
sheveled, loose, 569, 719. 

par, paris, adj., equal, alike, 899, 
1286. * 

paratus, us, m. (par8), provision; 
splendor, 1395; niillls paratibus, 
lack of preparation, 920. 

parco, 3, peperci, parsus, spare, re- 
frain from, 475, 1053, 1 152. * 

parens, entis, m. and f. (p. of pario), 
father, mother, parent, 222, 231, 
368, etc. * 

pareo, 2, ui, — , appear ; be obedient, 
obey, 474, 876, 930, 1 219. 

paries, ietis, m., wall, house wall, 133, 
140. 

parilis, e, adj. (par), equal, 871. 

pariter, adv. (par), equally, at the 
same time, together, 119, 623, 1061, 
1203. * 

Parnasis, idis, adj., f., of Pamasus, 

833. 
Parnasius, a, um, adj., of Pamasus, 

1276. 
Parnasus, I, m., ML Pamasus, in 

Thessaly, 249, 1158. 
paro, I, make ready, prepare, 702; 

get ready, intend, be minded^ 922; 

attempt, 728, 793. * 






iBULARY 



pars, partis, t'.. part, pit 

sh>: .-.ii. 

. i : ,1288; place, 
dl> 

son: . ',700,1010; ab utra- 

quc parte, * 

partior, 4, part . share, di- 

vide, 1400. ■ 

parvus, a, um, adj., small, little, slight, 
150, 820, 870, etc.; short, 908; low, 
855 ; gen. < >f value, of little account, 
1 287 ; as noun, n. pL, small matters, 

555- 
pasco, 3, pavl, pastus, feed; pass., 

satiate oneself, gloat, 1069, 1070. * 
passim, adv. (passus, pando), spread; 

here and there, all around, 534, 

1410. 
passus, a, um, see pando. 
passus, us, m., step, pace, 28, 95, 314; 

passibus coniunctls, side by side, 

734- 
pastor, oris, m., herdsman, shepherd, 

295- 

Pataraeus, a, um, adj., of Pdtara, a 
city in Lycia, containing a temple 
of Apollo, 298. 

patefacio, 3, feci, factus (pateo; fa- 
do), lay open, open, 460; expose, 
lav hare, 1 1 25. 

pateo, 2, ul, — , stand open, lie open, 
open, 142, 1395; be exposed, be re- 
vealed, 300, 1357; p. patens as adj., 
broad, spreading, 1 007. 

pater, tris, m., father, sire, 79, 263, 
264, etc.; pi., p, 1 rents, 1 28. 

patemus, a, um, adj. (pater), of a 
father, fatherly, paternal, 395, \-.\, 

523, etc. 

patior, 3, paSSUS, bear, support, en- 
dure, 434; suffer, experience, 68, 

445, 1085; suffer, allow, 843; p. 

II. KM OP UV.— I4 



pal lj., able to endure, 

47'- 
patria, ae, f. (patrias, sc. t' 

fatherland ; nah unity, 

634, 1 * 

patrius, a, um, adj. (pater), of a 
father; a father's, paternal, 369, 
440, 442. * 

patulus, a, um, adj., 

open, 730; broad, wide, 012. 

paucus. a, um, adj., few; as noun, 
n. pi., a few things (words), 
942. * 

paulatim, adv. (paulum), little by 
little, gradually, 1018. * 

paulum, adv. (paulus, little), a little, 
somewhat, 58S, 910. 

pauper, peris, adj., poor, humble, 
stingy, 915. 

paupertas, atis, f. (pauper), small 
means, poverty* 873. 

paveo. 2, pavl, — , be struek with ter- 
ror, quake with far, be afraid, 379, 
517, 66S, etc. 

pavidus, a, um, adj. (paveo), trem- 
bling, quaking, timid, 1 220; mak- 
ing timorous, 414. 

peCCO, I, miss; do wrong, sin, 802, 
804. 

pectus, oris, n., breast, heart, 22n, 
277, 302, etc. * 

pecus. oris, n., cattle, /looks, 599, 
828. * 

pecus, udis, f., sheep; pi., 

1127. * 

Pegasos, i, m., the winged horse of 

the Muses, 141 7. 
pelagus, i, n.. sea, 584, 117% 1379- * 
pello, 3, pepuli, pulsus, beat; 

away, put aside, aro/d, 100. 
penates, ium, m., household gods; 

house, home, 877. * 



VOCABULARY 



219 



pendeo, 2, pependi, — , hang, be sus- 
pended, 194, 279, 888, etc. * 

pendo, 3, pependi, pensus, weigh; 
pay, suffer, 40, 1 303. 

Peneis, idos, f. adj., of the Pencils, a 
river in Thessaly, 326; daughter 
of Peneus, the river god, 254, 
286. 

Peneius, a, um, adj., of the Peneus, 
a river in Thessaly; as noun, f., 
daughter of Peneus, the river god; 
Daphne, 234. 

penetralis, e, adj. (penetro), pierc- 
ing ; as noun, n. pi., inner rooms, 
shrines, 1 1 28. 

penetro, 1, enter, penetrate, 571. * 

penitus, adv., inwardly ; penitus pe- 
nitusque, far, far below, 520. * 

penna, ae, f., feather (on a bird); 
feather (of an arrow), 1047; wing, 
248, 288, 322, etc. 

peperci, see parco. 

per, prep. w. ace, through, across, over, 
along, traversing, 33, 255, 477, etc.; 
through, throughout, among, 8, 134, 
303, 426, 997, 1067; through, about, 
705, 1268; for, 766; by means of, 
by, 17, 136, 299, etc.; between, 428; 
per se (= sua sponte), of itself, 
917. * 

perago, 3, egi, actus, drive through; 
carry out, accomplish, obey, 467. 

percenseo, 2, ul, — , count over ; go 
over, travel through, 646. 

percipio, 3, cepi, ceptus (capiS), take 
wholly; take on, receive, 1378. 

percurro, 3, cucurrl and curri, cursus, 
run through; run over, 96. 

percutio, 3, cussl, cussus (quatio), 
strike through and through ; strike, 
pierce, 1 05 5; strike, beat, 205, 248, 
675,752, 1 124. 



perdo, 3, didi, ditus, make away with, 
destroy, 53, 175, 216, 328, 1 102; 
lose, waste, 313. 

peregrinus, a, um, adj. (peregre, 
abroad'), from foreign parts, for- 
eign, strange, alien, 648, 726. 

peremptus, see perimo. 

pereo, ire, ii, iturus, pass away ; fall, 
die, perish, be destroyed, 60, 555, 
591, etc. 

perfundo, 3, fiidl, fusus, pour over ; 
bathe, moisten, wet, bedew, 650. 

periculum, I, n., trial ; risk, danger, 
peril, 17, 197, 141 8. * 

perimo, 3, emi, emptus or emtus 
(emo, take), take away; destroy, 
kill, slay, 64, 177, 711. 

permaturesco, 3, matiirul, — , inch., 
ripen fully, 232. 

perosus, a, um, adj. (p. of perodl, 
hate fully), hating greatly, detest- 
ing, 814. 

perpetuus, a, um, adj., continuous ; 
eternal, perpetual, forever, lifelong, 
268, 346. 

persequor, 3, seciitus, follow after; 
follovo, 218. 

Perseus, ei, m., son of Jupiter and 
Danae, the Gorgon slayer, 1272. 

perspicio, 3, spexi, spectus, look 
through, examine, inspect, 460. 

pervenio, 4, venl, ventus, come up ; 
go through, reach, 147; come to, 
arrive at, 162. 

pes, pedis, m.,fool, 94, 167, 316, etc.; 
leg, 506, 893, 898 ; hoof, 503 ; swift- 
ness, running, 4, 1 1 ; pedem retro 
ferre, start back, 201. * 

pestifer, fera, ferum, adj. (pestis, 
plague), pestilent, noxious, destruc- 
tive, 241. 

peto, 3, petlvl and ii, petitus, seek, 



220 



v< n \i;l LARY 



make /< > . .-.117. 547, 576^ 
sec. in, try for, 17, 23, 54, 

. {81, 
2, 402,459, 775, 1 

rise toward, 1 157; w. terras, set, 
464. * 

Phaedimus, 1, n., a boo of Niobe, 

1028. 
Phaethon. ontis, m., son of Phoebus 

ami Qymene, 38Z 
pharetra, ae, f., qmver % 250, 340, 

1019. 
Philemon, onis, m., an aged Phrygian, 

871. 
Phlegon, ontis, m., one of the sun's 

horses, 502. 
phoca, ai-, f, seal, 57S, 1141. 
Phocis, idis, f., a country between 

Boeotia and Thessaly, 1154. 
Phoebe, es, f., Diana, 25S. 
Phoebus, T, m., Apollo, the sun god, 

254- * 

Phorcis, idis, f., daughter of Phorcus, 
Gorgon, 1406. 

Phorcynis, idis, f., daughter of Phor- 
cys, Medusa, 1375. 

Phrygius, a, urn, adj. (Phryx), Phryg- 
ian, 863, 963. 

Phryx, ygis, adj., of Phrygia, in Asia 
Minor, Phrygian, 761. • 

piceus, a, um, adj. (pix, pilch), pitchy, 
pitchy black, 564, 1 106. 

pictus, a, um, adj. (p. of pingo, 
paint), ornamented, embroidered, 
34- * 

piger, gra, gram, adj., unwil 
clinging, tenacious, 3 \i. 

piget, 2, guit and gituin est, impers., 
it pains, aj/licts, grievei one, 524, 
656. 

pignus, oris and cris, n., pledge, as- 
surance, 38O, 439. 



pinguis, e, adj., fat; slow, stupid, 
dull, 816. * 

pinus, i. f., pine; ship, 526. 
piscis, is, in., fish, 3O1, 576, 1 1 > 7- 

pius, a, um, adj., dutiful, conscien- 
tious, devout, 732, ^7 1 , 961, 1 
1220. * 

placed, 2, cul or citus sum, please, 
he acceptable, suit, 1 58, 294, 400, 

etc * 

placidus, a, um, adj., gentle, quiet, 

still, calm, 940, 1 224, 1 285. * 

plango, 3, planxl, planctus, strike, 

beat, 751, 1037; pass., beat with 

one's wings, struggle, 745. 
plangor, oris, m. (plang5), striking; 

beating of the breast in sorrow, 

hence, -vailing, shrieks, 205, 1327. 
planta, ae, f., sprout; sole (of the 

foot), foot, heel, 32. 
planus, a, um, adj., even, fat, level, 

1007. 
plausus, US, m. (plaudo, strike}, clap- 
pi ng (of hands) , appla use, 109, 687, 

1367. 
plectrum, T, n., quill (for playing on 

the lyre), plectrum, S36. 
Pleias, a< lis, f., Pleiad, one of the 

seven daughters of Atlas, 971. 
plenus, a, um, adj., full, filed, 178, 

461, 1 1 80; fulfilled, com/. 

859. 
plumbum, I, n., lead, 1S9, 253; 

leaden ball, bullet, 1342. 
plurimus, a, um, adj., superl. of 

multus, much: very much, copi- 

, ltd (ty) , in fullest //, ><>, 1, S I O. * 

plus, pluris, adj., comp. of multus, 

much; pi., many, 13S0; as adv., 

more, 2$3; as noun, n., 405, 529; 

n. pi., 307, 613,985, 1073. * 



VOCABULARY 



221 



pOCulum, i, n., drinking vessel, cup, 
907. * 

poena, ae, f., compensation ; penalty, 
punishment, 40, 446, 447, etc. * 

pollex, icis, m., thutnb, 838. 

polliceor, 2, itus (liceor, bid), hold 
forth; offer, promise, JJJ. * 

polus, 1, m., end of an axis ; pole, 
heavens, 423, 479, 606. * 

pomarium, 1, n. (pomarius, of fruit), 
fruit garden, orchard, 1279. 

pompa, ae, f., solemn procession, 342. 

pomum, I, n., fruit, apple, 91, 107, 
112, etc. 

pondus, eris, n., weight, 118, 509; 
ballast, 511. * 

p5no\ 3, posui, positus, put down; 
put, place, set up, set in position, 
334,490, 789, etc.; w. corpora, lie, 
1141; arrange, order, 259, 374, 
457; plant, set, 931; put down or 
away, lay aside, take off, 19, 195, 
661,716,867,991,1171,1235. * 

pontus, I, m., sea, ocean, 574, 583, 
1 133, etc. * 

poples, itis, m., ham ; knee, 34, 1045. 

popularis, e, adj. (populus), of one's 
people ; native, 724. 

populor, I, lay waste ; consume, 630. 

populus, 1, m., people, nation, 79, 556, 
567, etc. * 

porrigo, 3, rexl, rectus (reg5), stretch 
out, extend, 538. 

porto, 1, freq., bear, carry, 658. * 

posco, 3, poposcl, — , inch., ask ur- 
gently, beg, request, 79, 445, 447, 
945,1088; demand, require, 492. * 

possideo, 2, sedi, sessus (sedeo), have 
and hold ; hold, occupy, 1 323; con- 
tain, possess, cover, 1 189. 

possum, posse, potui, irregular verb 
(potis, able; sum), be able, can, 



may, 3, 55, 63, etc.; dare posse, 
give the power, 845. * 

post, prep. w. ace, of place, behind, 
in, 528, 905, etc.; of time, after, 
831, 1074, 1 182. * 

(posterus), a, um, adj. (post), coming 
after; next, following, 148. 

postis, is, m., door, doorpost, 343, 784, 
785 ; pi., door, 878. 

postpono, 3, posui, positus, put after, 
esteem less, 1000. 

postquam, conj., after, as soon as, 
when, 204, 214, 504, etc. * 

potens, entis, adj. (p. of possum), 
able; strong, mighty, 44, 781. * 

potentia, ae, f. (potens), power, in- 
fluence, 14, 304. * 

potior, 4 (potis, able), become master 
of; gain, win, 10 ; reach, gain, 
725. * 

prae, prep. w. abl. (prae, adv., in 
front of), before; in comparison 
with, 823. 

praebeo, 2, ui, itus (habe5), hold 
forth; furnish, afford, 554, 643; 
offer, show, turn, 1347. 

praecedo, 3, cessi, cessus, go before, 
lead the way, 735. 

praeceps, cipitis, adj. (caput), head- 
foremost, headlong, 548, 1 350; 
swift, rushing, 526; in praeceps, 
headlong, 417, 631. 

praecipito, 1 (praeceps) , throw head- 
long; pass., sink rapidly, hasten 
down, 159. 

praecordia, drum, n. (cor), dia- 
phragm; breast, waist, 330, 1040; 
mind, so thoughts, 817. 

praecutio, 3, — , — (quatio), shake 
before, brandish in front, 1391. 

praeda, ae, f., booty, spoil, prey, 316, 
697, 1278. * 






.r.n.vkv 



praefero, ferre, tall, Ifitus, bear be- 

, / refer, |J 
j>. praclatus, SUrpOSi :>.\ . u 3, 

praeflgO, 3, ftjd, fixus, fasten be 
_/?.v /// front, tip with, 1 338. 

praelatus, sec praefero. 

praemium, I, n., advantage; re-ward, 
. 12, 22, 121, 1 * 

praepes, petis, adj., outstripping; as 
noun, m., swift bird, 1340. 

praepono, 3, posoi, posdtus, **/ be- 
: prefi r, 

praesaepe, is, n. (saepes), inclosure; 
stable, stall, 46S. * 

praesagus, a, urn, adj., percex 
beforehand ; foreboding, prophetic 
(of), 472. 

praescius, a, um, adj., foreknowing, 
foreseeing, 1020. 

praestans, stantis, adj. (p. of prae- 
sto), standing before; conspicuous, 
famous, 4. Sec also praesto. • 

praesto, I, stiti, stitus, stand before ; 
surpass, excel, 1264. * 

praesutus, a, um, adj., sewed up; 
bound, covered^ 679. 

praeter, prep, w, ace. (praeter, adv., 
besides), past ; except, besides, 1076. 

praetereo, ire, il, it us, go by, pass, out- 
strip, 109, 121, 508. 

praevius, a, um, adj. (via), going be- 
fore, in advance, ahead, 735. 

pratum, !, n., meadow, 1 1 38. 

preces, see ( prex | . 

precor, 1 | prex I, ask, beg, pray, sup- 
plicate, 286, 803, 1050, 1 20 1, 1 40 1. 

premo, 3, presai, pressus, press; </<•- 

press, bear down, 483 ; stand upon, 
load, 496; ride, 1012; cover, 241, 
794; alight on, 1 351; sink, 1 131; 
overpower, 594; grasp, •>-/ucczc, 357, 

1109; press, urge, 452; shut in, 



Itep-set, buried, 
701 , 487, • 

pressus, see premo. 

pretium, 1, - viae, 

13, 68, 1371. 

(prex, precis >, f., prayer, e>:: 

329, 007, etc. 
prlmo, adv. (primus), in the it 

ning, at first, first, 647, 1314. * 

primum, adv. ( primus), y/rj/, for the 

first lime, 690, 709; ut primum, as 

soon as, 859. * 

primus, a, um, adj., superl., first, the 

first, foremost, 77, 126, 135, etc.; 

first part of, 4 1 1. * 

principium, I, n. (princeps, chief), 

beginning, 656. 
prior, prius, oris, adj., comp., former ; 

first (of two), earlier, 170, I 219. * 
priscus, a, um, adj. (prius . rmer 

times; as noun, m. pi., ancients, 

men of ol . 
prius, adv. (n. of prior), before, sooner, 

first, 11,151; at first, 5 1 6. 
pro, prep. w. aid., before; instead <>/j 

for, 447, 6S2, 1089 ; for, as, 1 234. * 
pro, interj., O .' thou! 711. 
prob5, 1 (probus, good'), make 

prove, show, 440. 
(procer, cris), m., nobleman, prime, 

1396. * 

procul, adv., /';/ the distance ; at a dis- 
til nee, afar, 166, 370, 034, etc * 
procumbo, 3, cubul, <:\\\n\.\\\x\, fall for- 
ward ; fall prostrate, 1 
procus, I, 111., wooer, suitor, 9, 1 5 
prodo, 3, didi, ditus, put forth 

hibit, display, show forth, 1 i 

betray, 851, * 

produco, 3, dun, ductus, lead forth; 

raise, bring, 883, 
proiicio, 3, feci, fectus (faci5), make 



VOCABULARY 



223 






headway ; accomplish, effect, avail, 
1050. • 

profundus, a, um, adj., vast, deep, 560; 
as noun, n., the deep, 578, n 72. * 

progenies, — , em, e, f., descent ; off- 
spring, child, 382. * 

proles, is, f., growth; offspring, de- 
scendant, 80, 106, 367, 994. * 

Promethiades, ae, m., son of Prome- 
theus, Detualion, 1224. 

promissum, 1, n. (p. of pr5mitt5), 
that promised; promise, 393, 399. 

pr5mitto, 3, misi, missus, let go; 
promise, 1337. * 

promo, 3, pr5mpsi, promptus (emo, 
take), take out, draw out, 250. 

(promptus, us), m., only abl. (promo), 
readiness; in promptu, in one's 
power, easy, 434. 

pronepos, otis, m., great-grandson, 47. 

pronus, a, um, adj., turned forward ; 
leaning forward, 1026; swiftly, 
headlong, 93, 290, 1210; sleep, 

4I5- * 

propago, inis, f., shoot ; descendant, 
offspring, 386. 

prope, adv., near, 1007. 

propero, 1 (properus, quick), hasten, 
make haste, run, 99, 292, 476. * 

propior, propius, 5ris, adj. (prope), 
nearer, 370, 389, 548, 614. 

propositum, I, n. (p. of prop5n5, set 
forth), that set forth; plan, pur- 
pose, 452. 

prosilio, 4, ui, — (salio, leap), leap 
forward ; burst forth, start out, 
1049. 

pr5spicio, 3, spexi, spectus, look for- 
ward, look ahead and see, 531, 934; 
look out over, 818. * 

prosum, prodesse, pr5fui, be tiseful ; 
benefit, profit, help, 306, 1 147. 



Proteus, ei, m., a sea god of change- 
able shape, 357. 

protinus, adv., right onward ; at once, 
directly, then, 256, 369, 739, 1103, 

1389. 
proximus, a, um, adj., superl. of prope, 

next, nearest, 1019. * 

pruinosus, a, um, adj. (pruina, hoar 

frost), frosty, icy, 149. 
priinum, 1, n., plum, 912. 
publicus, a, um, adj. (populus), of the 

people; public, universal, commo?i, 

383. 
pudor, oris, m., shrinking from blame; 

shame, disgrace, 848. 
puella, ae, f., dim. (puer), girl, 

maiden, lass, 63, 123. 
puellaris, e, adj. (puella), girlish, 

youthful, 35. 
puer, eri, m., boy, lad, 56, 238, 475, 

539- * 

puerilis, e, adj. (puer), boyish, youth- 
fid, 72, 403. 

pulchsr, chra, chrum, adj., beautiful, 
fair, handsome, 122, 266, 1395. * 

pullus, a, um, adj., dark colored, 
dark, 227 ; as noun, n., black bor- 
der, 718. 

pulmo, onis, m., lung, 1041. 

pulso, 1, freq. (pello), push against; 
beat upon, strike, 200, 503, 1144; 
dash against, 1151; tread, stamp 
(upon), 1008. 

pulvis, eris, m., dust, 173. * 

piiniceus, a, um, adj. (Punicus, Phoe- 
nician), purple, red, 194, 1360. 

purpureus, a, um, adj., purple colored, 
dark red, crimson, 37, 371, 461, 849, 
913. * 

piirus, a, um, adj.,/z*r<?, clear, 795. 

puto, 1 (putus, clean), clear up, 
think, consider, 59, 95, 284, etc. 






V0CABU1 \KV 



Pyramus. i, m., a Babylonian y»uth, 

i 22. 
Pyrois, ends, m., one of the 

horses, 501. 
pyropus, i, in., g, Id bronze, fir 

35°- 
Pyrrha, ae, (., wife . .f I teucalii >n. 1 
Python, onia, m., a huge Berpent 

slain by Apollo, 242. 



qua, adv. (abl. of qui), on 'which side; 
by what way, where, wherever, i\>i, 

544, 907, etc. ; as far as, as long as, 

453; how, 517, 51S; indef., in any 

-way, I022. * 

quadriiugus, a, um, adj. (quattuor, 

four: iugum), of a team of four; 

as noun, m. pi., four-horse team, 

516. 
quadrupes, pedis, adj. (quattuor, 

four; pes), with four feet ; horse, 

steed, 432, 469, 1015. 
quaero, 3, quaeslvi, quaesltus, seek, 

look to see, 749; hunt for, 732, 

1 148; try to gain, 43; ask, 9S1, 

1202, 1399. * 

qualis, e, pronom. adj., of what sort, 

854; such as, like, 20, 362, 652. * 
quam, adv. (qui), in what manner; 

how, 72; than, 36, 1 89, 405, etc. * 
quamquam, conj., though, a/though, 

29, 122'). 

quamvis, COnj., as you will ; although, 
though, 757. 

quando, adv., at what timet indef., 

at any time, ever, 694. * 

quantus, a, um, adj., of what size, how 
great, ho;,' much, 141, 197, 1 
1401 ; quantua erat, of Just his mz<-, 
1290; in quantum, </.. jar as, i.e. 



.// the point t : 1 ; tantum 

. . . quantum, » . > ]2, 1341 ; 

. |uantuin, as far as, 
quantum distat, how far re»: 
... tantd, 

much as . . . by so much, 246. * 

quartus, a, um. num. adj. (quattuor, 

.(>■), fourth, 5S, 502. 
quater, num. adv. (quattuor, y 

four times, 397, 1 366. * 

quatio, 3, — , quassus, shake, 

1310. 
-que, conj., and, also, repeated, both 

. . . and, 7, 12, 21, etc. * 

quercus, us, 1'., oak, oak tree, 344, S26, 

802. 
querella, ae, f., complaint, 1004. 
queror, 3, questus, express grief, la- 
ment, utter complaints, 151, 555, 

7 j 2 . * 

qui, quae, quod, gen. cuius, re'i. pron., 

who, -which, what, 22, 23, 29, etc. * 
quia, conj., because, 67. 
qulcumque, quae-, quod-, rel. pron., 

whoever, whatever, whatsoever, all 

that, 181, 450, 644, etc. * 

quid, interrog. adv., in what respect? 

why? 43. 140. 44S. 590- * 

quidam, quae-, quid- and quod-, 

indef. pron., a certain, some, 36IJ 

as adj., 123S. 
quidem, adv., assuredly, to be sure, 

certainly, of course, indeed, 14, 270, 

3d, 848, 

quilibet, quae-, quod- (quid-), indef. 

pron., anyone, whom you -will, 658. 
quinque, num. adj., indecl., five, 477, 

,66. 
quippe, conj., A r, for in fact, since, 

741- 
quis (qui), quae, quid (quod), 
interrog. pron., who? which f what;' 



VOCABULARY 



225 



52, 57, 58, etc.; indef., some one, 
any one, 24; nescio quis, some, 
243; nescio quid flebile, some 
mournful lament, 722. * 

quisquam, quicquam, indef. pron., 
any, any one, 17, 407, 1 1 63; as 
substantive, anything, 710. * 

quisque, quaeque, quidque and quod- 
que, indef. pron., whoever it be, each, 
evei-y, everybody, 147, 289, 406, etc. 

quisquis, quicquid or quodquid, indef. 
rel. pron., whoever, whatever, 443, 
772. * 

quivis, quae-, quid-, indef. pion., whom 
you please, any one, any, 392. 

quo, adv. (abl. and dat. of qui), abl. 
uses: that (= ut e5), 392; of time, 
when, 1277; of degree, by as much 
as, the (more), 131 ; dat. uses: of 
place, to which, whither, where, 115, 
367, 564. * 

quod, conj. (qui), that, in that, the 
fact that, 57, 58, 59, 144, etc.; that, 
because, since, 56, 597, 599, 775; 
but, 74, 604. 

quondam, adv., at some time; once, 
formerly, 1013. * 

quoniam, adv. (iam), since now, since, 
whereas, 65, 71, 338, etc. 

quoque, conj., also, too, 55, 127, 153, 
etc.; even, 1074, n 33. * 

quotiens, adv. (quot, how many) , how 
many times, how often, 102. 



R 

radio, I, — , — (radius), gleam, shine, 

352, 785, 1270. 
radius, 1, m., staff; spoke, 456, 628; 

beam, ray, 149, 166, 389, 472. 
radix, Icis, f., root, 193, 332, 740, 748; 

radish, 903. 



rado, 3, rasi, rasus, scrape; pass over, 
skim, 95. 

ramalia, ium, n. (ramus), twigs, sticks, 
884. 

ramus, I, m., branch, bough, 89, 225, 
331, etc. 

rapidus, a, um, adj., tearing away ; 
devouring, raging, 471; swift, 
rapid, 421. * 

rapio, 3, rapul, raptus, seize and carry 
off, snatch away, catch up, seize, 692, 
707, 1099; wash away, 1128, 1152; 
bear along, 418, 546; take away, 
568, 1390; catch, 1377. * 

rapto, 1, freq. (rapi5), seize and carry 
off; hurry away, drag on, 565. * 

rastrum, I, n., pi. rastrl, m., toothed 
hoe, mattock, 598, 706. 

ratis, is, f., raft, boat, 1 1 60. * 

ratus, see reor. 

recedo, 3, cessi, cessus, go back; de- 
part, take flight, 713. 

recens, centis, adj., lately arisen; 
fresh, recent, 163, 960, 1376; fresh, 
untired, 411. * 

recido, 3, cidl, casurus (cad5), fall 
back; recoil, rebound, be visited, 

IOQI. 

recingo, 3, — , cinctus, ungird, loosen, 

1232. 
recipio, 3, cepl, ceptus (capio), take 

back; receive again, recover, 771; 

receive, take in, welcome, 869. * 
recognosco, 3, gn5vi, gnitus, know 

again, see again, 732. 
recondo, 3, didi, ditus, put up again; 

close again, 213. * 

rector, oris, m., guide ; ruler, mas- 
ter, 408, 1 1 72; pilot, skipper, 527, 

1021. 
recurro, 3, cum, — , run back, hasten 

or hurry back, 708. 



226 



V0CABU1 \KY 



recuso, i (causa), make an objection 

. I 2 I 9. 

reddo, 3, didl, tlitus, give back, re* 
fact, 45S; bring back, 

return, 1 1 $4; \v. mdtUS, 
IO96; repeat, utter, exch 
954. * 

redeo, Ire, ii, itus, go back, come back, 
*um, 1 15, 170, 196, 1122. 

redigo, 3, C-gT, actus (ag<~>), drive 
back ; bring down, reduce, 9SS. 

redolens, entis, adj. (p. of redo- 
leo, diffuse odor), fragrant, 
912. * 

refero, ferre, rettull, relatus, bear back, 
bring back, 32, 1 248; repeat, 855, 
861 ; reply, 383; relate, narrate, 
1003; repay, show, give, 597; turn 
back, 614; carry off, 909. * 

refert, ferre, tulit, — , impers., it 
profits ; it concerns, it matters, 

875. 

refugio, 3, fiigl, — , Jlee back; shrink 
from, 337. 

regaliter, adv. (regalis, of a king), 
regally, splendidly, 667. 

regero, 3, gessl, gestus, carry back; 
heap or throw back, 856. 

regestus, see regero. 

regia, ae, f. (regius, royal), sc. domus, 
palace, 349, 609; sc. urbs, /viv// 
r//r, residence, capital, kingdom, 
298, 974. 

regio, onis, f., direction ; district, re- 
gion, 544- 

regno, 1 (regnum), reign, hold sway, 
be supreme, 684. * 

regnum, I, n., kingly government; 

kingdom, realm, rule, I26l, 1337- * 

rego, 3, rexT, rectus, /•<•<•/> straight; 
control, manage, 434, 003; rw/^, 

govern, 970. * 



relanguesco, 3, langul, — , inch., sink 

down, collapse, IoSo. 
relatus, iec refero. 
relaxo, I, stretch out; unloose, open, 

n wider, W22. 
relevo, 1, lift uj. v, relieve, 

lessen, 799; rest, 
religo, I, bind back ; bind fast, fasten, 

1305, 1316. 
relinquo, 3, llqui, llctus, leave behind, 

leave, 26, 103, ill, etc.; give up, 

abandon, 61, 276. 
remaneo, 2, mans!, — , stay behind, 

remain, 333, 13S2. 
remitto, 3, mlsi, missus, let go back; 

loosen, relax, let go, relinquish. 

532,541, 1017. 
remollesco, 3, — , — , inch., become 

soft again ; become soft, soften, 1 2 1 2. 
remoror, 1, holdback; stay back, wait, 

be delayed, linger, 112, 204. 
removed, 2, movT, motus, move back ; 

drive away, disperse, 14S, 11 20, 

1 169. * 

remus, T, m., oar, 1 135. 
reor, 2, ratus, reckon, think, 122S, 

1308. 
repagula, orum, n., barriers, 503. 
reparabilis, e, adj. (repard), that may 

be repaired ; reparable, 1213. 
reparo, 1, get again; renew, restore, 

1 197, 12.17. 

repello, 3, reppuli and repull. repul- 
sus, drive back; throw or 
Ihu I ' . 505; spurn, 1343. 

repercussus, a, um, adj. (p. of reper- 

cutio, strike back), shining 
reflected, 458, 1414. 
reperio, 4. repperi and reperi, reper* 
tus, find again : fin . 175, 

repetd, 3, petlvl, petltus, fall upon 



VOCABULARY 



227 



again, attack repeatealy, 1 366; 
heave again and again, 473; go 
over, review, 1222. * 

repleo, 2, evl, etus, Jill again, refill, 
916. 

repperi, see reperio. 

reppuli, see repelld. 

repugno, I, fight back; resist, object 
(to), rebel {at), 271, 435, 451. 

repulsa, ae, f. (repeilo), rejection; 
refusal, denial, 445. 

requies, etis, f., rest, repose, 323, 868, 
1262, 1275. 

requiesco, 3, quievl, quietus, rest, re- 
pose, 233, 1295. 

requiro, 3, qulsivi, qulsltus (quaero), 
seek again; look for, ask for, 196, 
647, 875; ask, 1 31 3. * 

res, rel, f., thing, object, matter, affair, 
circumstance, 3jg, 437 ; pi., (heroic) 
deeds, 1274, 1282; things, universe, 
world, 665, 1 2 14; rerum summa, 
the universe itself, 611. * 

reseco, 1, secul, sectus, cut loose; cut 
off, 850, 889. 

resero, I, unlock, unbar, throw back, 

1394. 

resideo, 2, sedl, — (sedeo), sit back, 
sit down, 1089. 

resisto, 3, stitl, — , stand back; with- 
stand, oppose, 1 1 29; stop, stay, 
285. * 

resoliitus, see resolvo. 

resolvo, 3, solvl, solutus, untie ; un- 
loose, loosen, 1 21 6; open, 593; free, 
release, 1370. 

resono, I, avl, — , sound again; ring, 
resound, 109. 

respicio, 3, spexl, spectus, look back 

at , 53 x > 73 6 - 
respondeo, 2, spondl, sponsus, an- 
swer, reply, 210, 723. * 



restituo, 3, ul, iitus (statuo), set up 
again, restore to one's former state, 
805. 

resto, I, stitl, — , withstand ; remain, 
be left, 114, 1086, 1 199. * 

resumo, 3, sumpsl, sumptus, take up 
again, resume, 129S. 

resupmus, a, um, adj., bent back; 
with head thrown back or raised, 
1064; fallen backward, on one's 
back, 188, 57S. * 

reticeo, 2, cul, — (taceo), keep si- 
lence, be silent, 853. 

retineo, 2, tinui, tentus (teneo), hold 
back ; keep, hold, 533, 843. 

retorqueo, 2, torsi, tortus, twist back; 
turn round, 831, 1348. 

retro, adv., backward, back, 201, 

3"- 

retroversus, a, um, adj., turned back, 

averting oneself, 1 289. 
rettuli, see refero. 
revello, 3, velll, volsus, pull axvay ; 

tear off, 627; tear away, separate, 

219, 220. 
revocabilis, e, adj. (revoco), that may 

be recalled, revocable, 1053. 
revoco, I, call again ; call back, 285; 

recall, 11 76. 
rex, regis, m., king, monarch, 47, 572, 

762, etc. * 

rictus, us, m., open mouth, gaping 

jaws, 164, 729, 796. 
rigeo, 2, — , — , be stiff, become solid, 

stiffen, 792 ; stand out, project, rise, 

818. * 

rigidus, a, um, adj., stiff; rough, hard, 

715- 

rigor, oris, m., stiffness, rigidity, 1235 

_ 1378. 
riguus, a, um, adj., abounding in 
water, well watered, 886. 



228 



V< M \l:l 1 \l:V 



lima, ae, f., cleft, crack, chink, fissure, 

132,552,571. • 

ripa, ae, f", haul-, shot \. * 

robur, oris, n., <'. , 752, 

753J I !.. ft . II44. 

rogO, I, ask, ask for, 221, 395; im- 
plore, entreat, 524, 666, 10S9, 1220; 
to, 1052. 

rogus, I, m., funeral file, pyre, 233. 

roro, I (ros), drop dew; drip, stream, 
1 108. 

ros, roris, m., dew, 727. 

rosa, ae, f., rose, 461. 

rostrun, T, n. (rodo, gna7t>), beak of 

a sliip, prow, 133S; muzzle, 31S. 
rota, ae, f., wheel, 456, 481, 487, 628, 

100S; pi., chariot, 623. * 

roto, I (rota), tur>i round, whirl, 422. 
rubens, entis, adj. (p. of rubeo, be 

red), red, crimsoned, ion. 
rubesco, 3, rubul, — , inch. (rube5, be 

red), grow red, redden, 464, 6S9. 
rubor, oris, m., redness ; flush, blush, 

35, 266. 
rudis, e, adj., unformed; rough, in 

the rough, unwrought, 1240; inex- 
perienced, 7 7; coarse, 880. 
rugosus, a, um, adj. (ruga, wrinkle), 

wrinkled, 91 1. 
niina, ae, f., rushing denvn ; disaster, 

destruction, ruin, 1057. * 

riimor, oris, m., rustle; mere report, 

idle tale, hearsay, 2. 
rumpo, 3, rupi, ruptus, burst; break, 

1 21 8; cleave, 191 ; pierce, 1 040. 
ru6, 3, rui, rfitus, fall with violence, 

fall, 607; rush away, rush, 5 1 5, 

545, 1 1 26. * 

rupes, is, f., rock, cliff, 1S1, 1365. * 
ruricola, ac, m. and f., husbandman; 

countryman, peasant, 761. 
rursus, adv. (fol rcvursus, p. of re- 



vert", turn back), back, <;. :;;.-, I I t, 
817, 909- 

rus, ruris, n., country, fields, 

S14. * 

rutilus, a, um, adj., red, golden red, 
ruddy, 460, 030. 



sacer, era, crum, adj., consecrated, sa- 
cred, reverend, 470, 589, 831, etc.; 
n. pi., as noun, sacred riles, 738, 
764, 991 ; sacred utensils, 1 1 28. 

sacerdos, 5tis, m. and f. (sacer), 
priest, priestess, 944. * 

sacrilegus, a, um, adj. (sacer), that 
steals sacred things; impious, pro- 
fane, 711. 

sacrd, I (sacer), consecrate, dedicate, 
87. 

saeculum, T, n., generation, age, 134, 
997; personified, 374. * 

saepe, adv., often, frequently, 13S, 
263, 264, etc.; comp., again and 
again, 131S. * 

saepes, is, f., hedge, 275. 

saevio, 4 (saevus), be fierce ; be angry, 
be furious, 670 ; rush furiously 
(upon), 1345. * 

saevus, a, um, adj., raging, fierce, 
savage, furious, cruel, 109, 235, 
430, 624, 134S. * 

sagitta, ae, f., arrow, shaft, 29, 242, 
301, etc. * 

sagittifer, fera, ferum, adj. (sagitta), 
arrow-bearing, arrow-laden, 250. 

salignus, a, um, adj. (salix, willow 
tree), of willow, willow, 893, 896. 

saltern, adv., saved; at any rate, at 
least, 474, 660. * 

(saltus, us), m., leaping, leap, bound, 



VOCABULARY 



229 



salus, utis, f., safety, deliverance, life, 
316. * 

saluto, I (salus), wish health; greet, 
salute, 1368. 

sanabilis, e, adj. (sano, tnake sound), 
that can be healed, curable, 305. 

sanctus, a, urn, adj. (p. of sancio, 
make sacred), sacred, venerable, 
revered, 840, 1206. * 

sanguis, inis, m., blood, 174, 185, 193, 
etc. * 

sapiens, entis, adj. (p. of sapio, 
have taste), sensible, clever, dis- 
creet, 63. 

sapienter, adv. (sapiens),, wisely, 
prudently, 450. 

sarcina, ae, f., package ; burden, care, 
1013. 

sarculum, 1, n., light hoe, garden hoe, 
706. 

Sardes, ium, f., Sardis, capital of 
Lydia, in Asia Minor, 807. 

satio, 1 (satis), fill; sate, satiate, 
1070, 1071; feed, 1 391. 

satis, adj., n., indecl., as noun, enough, 
sufficient, 282, 755 ; as adv., suf- 
ficiently, fully, enough, 655, 990, 
1191, 1240. 

satum, I, n. (p. of ser5, sow), that 
sown; pi., crops, 1 1 27. 

satur, ura, urum, adj., full, sated, hav- 
ing eaten one's fill, 468. 

Saturnius, a, um, adj., of Saturn; 
son of Saturn, Jupiter, 940. * 

saturo, 1 (satur), fill full ; dye, color 
richly, 834. 

satyrus, I, m., Satyr, a forest god 
with goat's legs, attendant on Bac- 
chus, 759. 
saxum, I, n., large stone, rock, 637, 
672, 688, etc. * 

SCeleratus, a, um, adj. (p. of scelero, 



pollute), polluted; impious, ac- 
cursed, 180, 1002. 

scelus, eris, n., wicked deed, wicked- 
ness, crime, 737. * 

Schoeneius, a, um, adj., of Schoeneus ; 
as noun, f., daughter of Schoeneus, 
Atalanta, 50, 101. 

scilicet, adv. (for scire licet), you 
may know ; certainly, forsooth, of 
course, 438. 

scindo, 3, scidl (late), scissus, cut; 
cut through, part, 507 ; burst open, 
190. * 

scio, 4, know, understand, 518, 662.* 

scitor, 1, freq. (scio), seek to know, 
ask, inquire, 5. 

scopulus, 1, m., projecting point of 
rock; rock, cliff, 1 341, 1 363. * 

Scorpios, i, m., the constellation 
Scorpion, 431, 537. 

scrobis, is, m. and f., trench, ditch, 

857. 

Scythicus, a, um, adj., of Scythia, in 
Asia, Scythian, 29. 

se, see sui. 

secedo, 3, cessl, cessus, go apart, go 
off by oneself, withdraw, 853. 

seco, I, secui, sectus, cut, cut through, 
cleave, 478, 890, 1204. * 

sectus, see seco. 

secum, for se cum, see sill. 

secundus, a, um, adj. (sequor), fol- 
lowing ; second, 112; mensae, des- 
sert, 910. * 

secutus, see sequor. 

sed, conj., but, on the contrary, still, 
14, 25, 56, etc. * 

sedeo, 2, sedi, sessum, sit, sit down, 
sink down, rest, 16, 162, 360, etc. * 

sedes, is, f., seat; place, position, 
145; footing, 495. * 

sedile, is, n., seat, chair, 879. * 



2*0 



VOCAI'.ri.ARV 



sedulus, a, um, adj., busy, bu :. 

seduco, 3, duxl, ductus, lead a 
set aside, remove, withdraw, 910; 
remain . i-3<»- 

seges, etia, {., cornfield, standing 

gram, fiela\ 96, 554, 1 1 15, 
1136. 

semel, num. adv., a single time, once, 

932. 
semen, in is, n., seed, 1381. 
Semiramis, id is, f., a queen of As- 
syria, 125. 
semper, adv., ever, always, at all 

times, 228, 339, 346, 815. * 

senecta, ae, f. (senex), old age ; age, 

909. 
senex, senis, adj., old, aged ; as noun, 

m., old man, 87, S79, 941, 959. 
senior, ius, oris, adj., comp. of senex, 

older ; aged, old, 825, 952. 
sensus, us, m., perceiving ; pi., senses, 

intelligence, 713. 
sententia, ae, f., way of thinking; 

opinion, judgment, decision, verdict, 

840. * 

sentes, ium, m., thorns, briers, 291. 
sentio, 4, sens!, sensus, discern by 

sense ; feel, see, perceive, be aware, 

7 8 > 335. 5 I 5i 5 6l » 744; find out, 

become aware, 135. * 

separo, I, disjoin; part, separate, 

divide, 1 1 54. 
septem, num. adj., indecl., seven, 979, 

1010, 1071. * 

sequor, 3, secutus, come after, follow, 

pursue, 289, 314, 672, etc. * 

sera, ae, f., bolt, bar, 869. 
serenus, a, um, adj., clear, fair, 

bright, 632. 
serius, adv., comp. of sero, late ; later, 

at a later hour, 1 72. 



sermo. onis, m., continued speech; 
talk, -cords, story, 1. * 

serpens, cutis, f. or m (p. of scrpS, 
creep), ing; snake, ser- 

pent, 236, 

sertum, I, n. (p. of sen", twine), 
wreath of flowers, garland, 376, 
960, 1392. * 

servator, oris, m. (servo), deliverer, 
rver, 1369. 

servio, 4 (scrvus, slave), be a slave; 
obey, be subject {to), 298. 

servo, I, make safe; save, deliver, 
preserve, 1 335; watch, keep watch 
over, 1280/ keep, save, treasure up, 
889. * 

setius, adv., comp., in a less degree ; 
non, not otherwise, not less, i.e. 
like, 29. 

seu, sec sive. 

sex, num. adj., indecl., six, 366, I0S5. 

si, conj., if, 20, 60, 74, etc. * 

SIC, adv., thus, in this -way, so, 277, 
2S7, 288, etc.; still, yet, 199, 1204, 
1238. * 

sicco, I (siccus), dry, dry tip, 149, 
360. 

siccus, a, um, adj., dry, 95, 573, S82. 

sicut, adv., so as ; just as, 1033. 

sidus, eris, n., group of stars ; constel- 
lation, star, 2S1, 419, 1295, 1420. * 

signo, I (slgnum), seta mark upon ; 
mark, inscribe, 637. 

Slgnum, T, n., mark, token, sign, 130, 

227, 1 1 75 ; sign (of the Zodiac), 
366, 53S ; pi., signal, sign, 93 ; 
figure, statue, 124O. 

silens, entis, adj. (p. of sileo), still, 
quiet, silent, 1 5 1. 

silentium, I, n. (silens), being still; 
pi., stillness, quiet, silence, 1 1 85, 
1218. * 



VOCABULARY 



231 



Silenus, I, m., an old satyr, tutor of 
Bacchus, 760. 

sileo, 2, ul, — , be still, be silent, 13 14. 

silex, icis, m. and f., Jlint, stone, 700, 
715, 1412. * 

silva, ae, f., wood, forest, woodland, 
8, 170, 257, etc. * 

similis, e, adj., resei7ihling ; like, 
similar, 281, 317, 514, 1240. * 

simplex, icis, adj., simple, not compli- 
cated, 1043. 

simul, adv., at the same time, together, 
at the same time with or and, 811, 

93°' 955» etc -5 as soon as > 3 6 7> 5 J 5 

(w. ac), 764, 1041, 1305, 1400. * 
simulacrum, 1, n. (simulo, make 

like), likeness ; for m, figure, 535, 

1411. 
simulatus, a, um, adj. (p. of simulo, 

make like), imitated ; artificial, 37. 
sincerus, a, um, adj. clean; pure, 

901. 
sine, prep. w. abl., without, 170, 511, 

642, etc. ; sine lege, carelessly, 

259 ; recklessly, 545. * 

singuli, ae, a, adj., one at a time ; as 

noun, n., various things, everything, 

777- * 

sinister, tra, trum, adj., left, on the 

left, 366 ; comp., the left, 487 ; as 

noun, f. (sc. manus), left hand, 

I365- 

sino, 3, sivl, situs, let down; let, per- 
mit, allow, 141,437,497, 737, 964; 
see also situs. * 

sinus, us, m., curve; fold, 1108; 
robe, garment, 646. * 

Sipylus, I, m., a son of Niobe, 1020. 

Siquis, qua, quid, etc. = si quis, if 
any, whatever, 284, 61 1, 1 1 29. 

sisto, 3, stiti, status, set up, place, set, 
906 ; stand, alight, 1 148. 



sitis, is, f., thirst, 165, 169, 799. 
situs, a, um, adj. (p. of sino) , placed ; 

laid at rest, buried, 638. 
sive or seu, conj., or if if; repeated, 

if ... or if , whether . . . or, 44, 48; 

791, 793 ; 1272, 1274. * 

smaragdus, I, m. and f., emerald, 

372. 

SOCer, erl, m., father-in-law, 973. 

socio, I (socius),/<?m together ; share, 
76 ; accompany, 675. 

SOCius, I, m., fellow, sharer, compan- 
ion, 764. * 

sol, s5lis, m., sun, 149, 380, 502, etc.; 
Sun god, 349, 664, 1266. * 

SOleo, 2, solitus sum, be wont, be ac- 
customed, 137, 417, 589, etc.; pi. 
solitus, as adj., tvonted, accustomed, 
usual, 79, 150, 510, 1029. * 

SOlidus, a, um, adj., undivided ; fir?n, 
solid, steady, 495, 742, 1243, I2 79> 
1404. 

solium, T, n., seat ; throne, 372. * 

sollers, sollertis, adj., skillful ; cun- 
ning, clever, artful, 1407. 

sollertia, ae, f. (sollers), skill ; cun- 
ning, cleverness, penetration, 1 225. 

SOllicito, 1 (sollicitus), disturb ; stir, 
strike, 838. 

sollicitus, a, um, adj., thoroughly 
7?ioved ; disturbed, troubled, anx- 
ious, 80, 473. 

solor, 1, comfort, console, solace, 
108 1. * 

solum, 1, n., lowest part; ground, 
earth, 201, 571, 746, 1035. * 

solus, a, um, gen. ius, adj., alone, 
single, only, 220, 400, 970, etc. * 

solutus, see solvo. 

solvo, 3, solvi, solutus, loosen ; im- 

. pair, enfeeble, zveaken, 949; annul, 

revoke, 805 ; give, pay, 774. * 



232 



VOCABULARY 



SOmnus, I, m., sleep, slumber, 1415. * 
SOnitus, us, in., sound, noise, IOI9. 
sono, I, s.mui, itus (sonus), make a 

>: . .17;.! 3-14; 

j). Bonans, as adj., resounding, 
1 1 74; clanking, 469. * 

SOnus, i, m., noise, sound, I 

sordidus, a, um, adj. (sordes, dirt), 
dirty, stained, soiled, 377 ; dark, 
dingy, SS8. 

SOror, oris, f., sister, 362, 971, 107S, 
etc. * 

SOrs, sortis, f., lot; lot, fate, life, 404, 
602, 656 ; response, prediction, or- 
acle, 8, 1202, 1215, 1223, 1276. * 

spargo, 3, sparsl, sparsus, strew, 
spread, scatter, 324, 534, 575, 629, 
727. * 

spatior, I (spatium), spread abroad ; 
walk about, wander, 154, 734. 

spatium, T, n., space, room, 538; dis- 
tance, interval, 374; way, 516; 
region, place, 548; time, 1245 ; in 
spatium, lengthwise, 844. 

species, — , em, e, f., form, likeness, 
866. 

speciosus, a, um, adj. (species), good- 
looking; splendid, glittering, 803. 

spectabilis, e, adj. (spect5), that may 
be seen, beautiful, lovely, 963. 

spectaculum, I, n. (spect5), specta- 
• tor's seat, grand stand, 109. 

spectator, oris, m., looker on, specta- 
tor, 16. 

specto, 1, freq., look on; look at, 
espy, behold, see, 103, 279, 326, 
etc. 

spero, 1 (spes), hope, hope for, 2j^t 
278, 318. * 

spcs, Bpei, f., hope, 321, 788, 1230. * 

spiceus, a, um, adj. (spica, point), of 
cars (of wheat), 376. 



splendidus, a, um, adj., bright ; shin- 
ing, 801. * 

spolio, I (spulium ), strip, despoil, 9S8, 

'-77- 

spolium, I, n., skin; hide, spoil, 
124S. * 

sponda, ae, [., bedstead, 893. * 

sponte, abl. of (spdns, spontis), f., of 
one's own accord, 476, 917. 

spumans, antis, adj. (p. uf spumo, 
foam) , foaming, covered with foam, 
164, 1015. * 

spumiger, era, erum, adj., foam-bear- 
ing; foaming, SlO. 

squalens, entis, adj. (p. of squaleo, 
be rough), rough, unkempt, foul, 
1289. 

squalidus, a, um, adj., rough, un- 
kempt, neglected, 65 1. 

squamiger, era, erum, adj. (squama, 
scale), scale-bearing, scaly, 1349. 

stagno, 1 (stagnum), cover the land 
as a lake ; be covered, be overflowed, 
1 165. 

stagnum, I, n., standing water; 
marsh, pool, lake, 864. * 

stamen, inis, n., foundation, thread, 
warp ; string (of a lyre), S37. 

statio, onis, f., standing; post, posi- 
tion, station, 463. 

statuo, 3, ui, utus (status), cause to 
stand; determine, resolve, 151, 
1294. * 

status, iis, m., station ; attitude, pose, 

837- 

Stella, ac, f., star, 462, 546, 632, 767. 

sterilis, e, adj., unfruitful, unre- 
quited, hopeless, 278. 

sterno, 3, BtravT, stratus, spread out ; 
arrange, prepare, S95 ; strew, seat- 
ter > 1375 ; throw down, lay lo7v, 
242, 1 1 13. • 



VOCABULARY 



2 33 



stillo, I (stilla, drop), distil, drip, 

drop, 727. 
Stimulus, I, m., prick, goad, spur, 

475, 669. 
stipes, itis, m., log; trunk (of a tree), 

334- 

stipula, ae, f., stalk, stem; pi., straw, 
stubble, 274, 870. 

sto, 1, stetl, status, stand, stand still, 
344, 375, 376, etc.; be still ox quiet, 
1364; stop, pause, alight, 131 1; p. 
stans, as adj., standing, 96. * 

stolidus, a, urn. adj., slow, dull, fool- 
ish, 817, 843. 

stramen, inis, n., straw, 938. 

stridens, entis, adj. (p. of strideo, 
hiss), hissing, 190; creaking, beat- 
ing, flapping, 1249. * 

stringo, 3, inxl, ictus, draw tight; 
touch lightly, graze, 318 ; stir, 
ruffle, 203. * 

striictus, a, um, adj. (p. of struo, 
build), built, erected, 695. * 

stuped, 2, ui, — , be struck senseless ; 
be amazed, be astounded, stand 
aghast, 532, 1309. * 

Stygius, a, um, adj., of the Styx, 
Stygian, 449. 

SUadeo, 2, suasi, suasus, advise, recom- 
mend, 1226. * 

sub, prep. w. ace. and abl., under ; 
w. ace, to a place under, under, 
229, 852 ; toward, on the approach 
of, 146 ; w. abl., under, beneath, 
155, 162, 335, etc.; under, subject 
to, 824, 975, 1244, 1266 ; toward, 
about, 181, 276, 1259 ; in, on, 253, 
580. * 

subditus, see subdS. 

subdo, 3, didl, ditus, put under, 899 ; 
spread beneath, 1267 > plunge* 81 1, 
(sc. se) 1354. 



subeo, Tre, ii, and IvI, itus, come under 
(to take the place of), succeed, 937; 
go under, enter, 731. * 

siibicio, 3, ieci, iectus (iaci5) , throw 
under ; place beneath, put under, 
304 ; spread beneath, 416, 1009, 
H39- 

SUbigO, 3, egi, actus (ago), drive up ; 
turn up, turn under, break up, 
plow, 701. * 

subito, adv. (subitus), suddenly, im- 
mediately, 1082, 1343. * 

subitus, a, um, adj., sudden, 521, 
1057 ; sudden coming, newly risen, 
1156. 

sublatus, see tollo. 

sublimis, e, adj., uplifted; high, on 
high, lofty, 349, 767, 1353. * 

submitto, 3, mlsl, missus, let down ; 
lower {before), yield, surrender, 
839 ; pass., bow, stoop, 878. 

submoveo, 2, movi, mot us, put out 
of the way ; remove, disperse, 1063. 

subsido, 3, sedl, sessus, sit down; 
sink down, fall, subside, 588, 1179. 

subsum, esse, — , be beneath, 34. 

succedo, 3, cessi, cessus, go below ; go 
to, visit, 812 ; come (on), grow 
(over), 750. * 

succinctus, a, um, adj. (p. of suc- 
cingo, gird below), high girt ; with 
tucked up skirt, 897. * 

succresco, 3, — , — , inch., grow up 
from below; come again, be sup- 
plied again, 917. 

succurro, 3, curri, cursus, run under ; 
come to one's aid, run to help, 
998. * 

SUCCUtid, 3, — , — (quatio), fling up 
from below ; toss up, 514. 

siicus, T, m., juice, liquid, moisture, 
468, 552, 1 241 ; dye, ion. 



*34 



V. u \i;l LAKY 



sudo, i, sweat, 1339. 

sudor, oris, in., sweat; veneni, liquid 

suffundo, j, fiidi, fusus, /<>«r l> 

266. 
sul, sibi, se, reflex, pron., himself, her- 
self, etc., 27, 183, 570, etc. 

sulco, 1, avi, — (sulcus, furrow), 
furrow; plow, cut through, 1339. 

sum, esse, ful, futurus, be, exist, live, 
3, 4, 6, etc. 

summa, ae, f. (summus), chief place; 
rerum, universe, 611. 

summus, a, am, adj. (superus), up- 
permost; highest, top of, surface 
of 94. 35 1 * 542, etc.; rim of, 455 ; 
greatest, chief, 591, 1388 ; as noun, 
n., surface (sc. aequor), 203 ; (pi.) 
547 ; summit, 932. * 

super, adv., above ; on lop, over, on, 
499, 1357 ; in addition, besides 
(=Insuper), 1337; more (than 
enough), 990. * 

super, prep. w. ace, over, upon, 
above, 36, 365, 576, etc.; over and 
above, besides, 914. * 

superator, oris, m. (supero), con- 
queror, 1 331. 

superbus, a, um, adj., haughty, arro- 
gant, proud, 236, 966. 

superinicio, 3, ieel, iectus (iacio), 
throw upon, throw over, 880. 

supero, 1 (superus), go over ; tower 
above, overtop, 1 158; outshine, 
surpass, 353 ; outstrip, vanquish, 
defeat, 2, 3, 43, 51. * 

superstes, itis, adj. (super), standing 
by : surviving, remaining alive, 
1187. 

supersum, esse, ful, be over and above, 
be I, ft, remain, 233, 6ll, 1073, 
1 166, 1 1 67. * 

TERM 07 UV. — 15 



superus, a. um, adj. (super), above; 
on I , 1367 ; as d< un, in. pL, the 

. 405, 615, 
etc. * 

supervolo, 1, — , — ,fly ovt r, 1 Z« 

supinus, a, um, adj., backwards ; up- 
turned, with upturned palms, 918. 

suppleo, 2, Cvi, etus, Jill up; fill, 
bathe, 207. 

supplex, icis, adj., kneeling in en- 
treaty, suppliant, 666 ; as Doun, 
m., suppliant, 6S2. * 

suppono, 3, posul, positus, //// / 
place beneath, 1408. 

supra, prej). w. ace. (supra, adv., on 
the upper side), above, 11 72. 

supremus, a, um, adj., superl. of 
superus, highest, last ; for the last 
time, dying, 1035 5 farewell, 1067. 

sura, ae, f, ankle, 750. 

surgo, 3, surrexi and subrexl, — (for 
subrigo, rego), rise, arise, 150. 
1181. * 

siis, suis, m. and L,hog, swine, SS8. * 

SUSCitD, I, lift up; rouse, rekindle, 
revive, SS2. 

suspirium, T, n., sigh, 473. 

sustineo, 2, tinui, tentus (teneo), 
hold up, hold, bear, 60S, S36 ; en- 
dure, 312, 559. 

SUStull, see tollo. 

suus, a, um, adj. (suT), of oneself; 
his, hers, its, theirs, 121, 147. 204. 
etc.; as noun, m. pi., one's family, 
friends, l6l, 935, 1056, 1065. * 



tace5, 2, cui, citus, be silent, 1421. 
t«?citus. a, um, adj. (p. ol tace5), 

silent, in silence, 857 ; quiet, low, 
992. * 



VOCABULARY 



235 



tactus (us), m., touching; touch, 

1377- 

taeda, ae, f., pitch pine ; torch, mar- 
riage torch, 1390; marriage, 127, 
265. 

taedium, 1, n. (taedct, it disgtists), 
disgust, loathing, weariness, 66. 

talaris, e, adj. (talus, ankle), reach- 
ing to the ankles ; as noun, m. pi., 
long robe, 32; sandals (with wings), 
1300, 1362. 

talis, e, adj., such, of such a kind, 
671, 994 ; n. pi., such things, thus, 

27, 5°> H5> 66 4, 940. * 

tam, adv., in such a degree ; so, so 
much, 332, 403, 682, 1057. * 

Tamasenus, 1, m., a plain in Cyprus, 
85. 

tamen, adv., notwithstanding, nev- 
ertheless, yet, but, 7, 30, 41, etc. * 

tandem, adv. (tam) , at length, at last, 
924 ; at once, 728. * 

tangd, 3, tetigT, tactus, toicch, reach, 
320, 491, 877, etc. ; touch, move, 
affect, 55, 77, 231, etc.; partake of, 
eat at, 970. * 

Tantalis, idis, i., descendant of Tan- 
talus, 1000. 

Tantalus, I, m., son of Jupiter and 
father of Niobe, 969; son of Niobe, 
1029. 

tantum, adv. (tantus), so much, so 
greatly, so far, 932, 1 341 ; only, 
826, 934 ; now, 595. * 

tantus, a, um, adj., of such size, so 
great, 14, 17, 444, etc. ; such, such 
an one, 45 ; as noun, n., so much, 
1059 ; tantl, of such importance, 
worth so much, 54, 59 ; tanto . . . 
quantd, {by) as much as, 247. * 

tarde, adv. (tardus), slowly, reluctant- 
ly, late, 115, 158. 



tardus, a, um, adj., slow, 13, 120, 
923. * 

Tartara, 5rum, n., Tartarus, the in- 
fernal regions, 571. 

taurus, 1, m, bull, 1388; the constel- 
lation Taurus, 428. * 

tectum, T, n. (p. of tego), covering; 
roof, 938, 1392; garret, 884; 
covered building, house, dwelling, 
153, 484, 928, etc.; palace, 368. * 

tego, 3, texi, tectus, cover, cover over, 
131, 226, 351, etc.; cover, thatch, 
roof, 870; cover, veil, shroud, 564, 
1006, 1 106; crown, 39; engulf, 
1 1 59; shade, 1 271. 

tellus, uris, f., land, earth, ground, 
86, 297, 551, etc.; floor, 939; per- 
sonified, 327, 583. * 

telum, 1, m., missile, dart, shaft, 
weapon, 250, 680, 685, etc. * 

temerarius, a, um, adj. (temere, rash- 
ly), rash, reckless, unthinking, 15, 
296, 398, 683. 

temo, onis, m., pole, tongue (of a 
chariot), 455, 627. 

templum, I, n., temple, shrine, 87, 
937, 948, etc. * 

tempto, 1, intens. (tendo), handle; 
try, attempt, 152, 660, 747, etc.; 
test, 1379. * 

tempus, oris, n., portion (of time) ; 
time, season, 98, no, 127, etc.; 
occasion, 894, 1326; pi., temples 
(of the head), 827, 849. * 

tendo, 3, tetendl, tentus or tensus, 
stretch, hold out, 709; p. tentus, as 
adj., stretched, tight, taut, 1032. * 

tenebrae, arum, f., darkness, shadoivs, 
160, 492, 665; shady places, 257; 
darkness, blindness, blur, 522. 

Tenedos, 1, f., an island in the 
Aegaean, 298. 



236 



VOCABULARY 



teneo, 2, tenui, — , hold, keep, ; 
-. 639, 1183; <■'■ f, frasp, 448, 
836, 1365; keep to, 427; seize, 317, 

;; // t Y./ /'</< k, restrain, detain, 
74S; catch, 744; make-, take one's 
way, 4SS; maintain, 1 102; //0A/, 
.v/r, &W in, 124, 1 143; take pos- 
session ^1415. * 

tener, era, erum, adj., soft, thin, 1249; 
tender, youthful, 82 1. 

tentus, sec tendo. 

tenuis, c, adj., drawn out; thin, 
delicate, fine, 1 71, 330; slight, small, 
132, 190; slender, 1 358. 

tenus, — , n., stretched cord ; as prep, 
with aid., as far as, up to, 5S6, 
1047, 1352. * 

tepeo, 2, — , — , be -warm, 230. 

tepidus, a, um, adj., warm, 580, SSi, 

I307- 
ter, num.adv.,///r<f(? times, thrice, 397, 

581, 582, 1258, 1366. * 

terebro, 1, — , atus (terebra, bore), 

pierce, cleave, 1049. 
teres, etis, adj., rounded, taper, 

750. 
tergeo, 2, tersl, tersus, rub off, -wipe 

clean, 900. 
tergum, I, n., back, 33, in, 358, etc.; 

shoulders, 1 68, 323; side, flitch, 

8S8. * 

tergUS, oris, n., back; side, strip, 

flitch, 889. * 

tero, 3, trlvl, trltus, rub ; graze, grate 

upon, 1 1 39. 
terra, ae, f., earth, land, 354, 363, 

413, etc.; country, 131 3, 1 3 19; 

ground, 701, 742, 855; earth, clay, 

1 198; orbis tcrrarum, earth, world, 

355; personified, 1 227. < 

terrenus, a, um, adj., (terra), of the 

earth, earthy, 1 242. 



terreo, 2, rui, ritus, frighten, alarm, 
8, 572, 1191, 1 * 

terribilis, e, adj., frightful, dreadful, 

409, 1 1 00. 
terror, oris, m., great far, fright, 
668. 

tertius, a, um, num. adj. (ter), third, 

898. * 

testa, ae, f., baked clay ; brick, 899. 
testis, is, m. and f., -fitness, 393, 1234. 
testor, I (testis), call to -witness, 015. 
Tethys, yos, f., wife of Oceanus, 417. 
textum, I, n. (p. of texo, weave), 

■web ; piece of cloth, coverlet, SSo. 
thalamus, I, m., inner room, bridal 

chamber, marriage, 12, 61. 
theatrum, I, n., theater; structum 

utrimque, amphitheater, 695. 
Themis, idos, f., goddess of law and 

of prophecy, 1162. 
Thineius, a, um, adj., of Thinaeum, 

in Phrygia, 956. 
Thisbe, es, f., a Babylonian girl, 1 22. 
Thracius, a, um, adj., Thracian, 762. 
Threicius, a, um, adj., Thracian, 672. 
thyrsus, I, m., Bacchic wand, thrysus, 

698. 
tiara, ae, f., tiara, cap, turban, 849. 
tibia, ae, f, shin bone ; pipe, 686, 

1393- 
tignum, T, n., timber, beam, SSS. 
tigris, idis, pi., tigres, m. and f., tiger, 

tigress, 1 1 46. 
tilia, ae, f., linden tree, S62. 
timeo, 2, ul, — , fear, be afraid, 25, 

439- * 

timidus, a, um, adj., fearful, afraid, 

faint-hearted, 1S2, 307,919. 
Timolus, T, m., Mt. Tmotus, 756. 
timor, oris, m., fear, dread, alarm, 

apprehension, 321, 414,521, 1 193. * 

tinctus, see tinguo. 



VOCABULARY 



237 



tingu5, 3, tinxi, tlnctus, wet, bathe, 

stain, dye, 174, 194, 812. * 

Titan, anis, m., one of the giants, 

son of Heaven and Earth, 466. 
Titania, ae, f., daughter of the Titans, 

Pyrrha, daughter of the Titan 

Epimetheus, 1229. 
titubo, 1, stagger, reel, 760. 
titulus, 1, m., inscription; mark, 

distinction, glory, 692, 1278; honor, 

43- 
Tmolus, 1, m. , a mountain in Lydia, 

819. 
tolero, 1, bear, endure, 612. 
tollo, 3, sustulT, sublatus, lift, raise, 

take up, 21, 108, 118, etc. * 

tondeo, 2, totondl, tonsus, shear, cut, 

717. * 

tonitrus, us, m. (ton5, thunder), 

thunder, 619. 
torpor, oris, m., numbness, 329. 
torqueo, 2, torsi, tortus, turn, whirl, 

revolve, 419 ; hurl, fling, 700 ; 

torment, 800. * 

torreo, 2, torrui, tostus, dry up; 

parch, 790 ; scorch, burn, 594. * 
tortus, a, um, adj. (p. of torqued), 

twisted; twisting, whiding, 486, 

740 ; plumbum, sling shot, 134 1, 
tostus, see torreo. 
torus, 1, m., bed, couch, 892 ; bier, 

1078; consors tori, spouse, 1 160. * 
torvus, a, um, adj., staring; scowl- 
ing, stem, savage, 581. 
tot, num. adj., indecl., so many, such 

a number of, 64, 65, 241, etc. * 
totidem, num. adj., indecl. (tot), just 

so many, the same number of 366, 

980, 1268, 1385. * 

totiens, num. adv. (tot), so many 

times, so often, 916. * 

totus, a, um, gen. lus, adj., all, the 



whole, entire, 99, 141, 173, etc.; 
full, free, 1121 ; pred., wholly, 

1395- * 

tractus, us, m., drawing; course, 
track, train, 631. 

trado, 3, didi, ditus, give up ; hand 
over, pass to one, 1407 ; assign, 
give by lot, 602; co?n?nit, entrust, 
7 6 3- 

traho, 3, traxl, tractus, draw, drag, 
187, 419, 561 ; draw doxvn, 742; 
draw out, 844, 1046, 1079 ; cause, 
36 ; Ignes, breathe in, beco??ie in- 
Jlai7ied, 1308; take on, assume, ac- 
quire, 567,1246; lead astray, 
427. * 

traicio, 3, ieci, iectus (trans ; iacio), 
hurl through ; pierce, transfix, 255, 
1033. * 

transeo, ire, il, itus,^ or pass through, 
137 ; go over, 1030 ; go by, pass, 
102, 113. 

transitus (us), m., going over ; pas- 
sage, %vay, 144. 

transmitto, 3, mlsl, missus, send 
across ; send, hurl, 1342. 

tremebundus, a, um, adj. (tremo), 
quivering, 200. 

tremo, 3, ul, — , tremble, shake, 203, 
897 ; qtiiver, 1024. * 

tremor, oris, m., shaking; earthquake, 
587. 

tremulus, a, um, adj., shaking; quiv- 
ering, trembling, 858. 

trepido, 1 (trepidus), hurry with 
alarm ; rush about, 1084 ; tremble, 
quiver, palpitate, 288, 335, 414 ; 
struggle, 745. 

trepidus, a, um, adj., restless; trem- 
bling, frightened, 167, 535. 

tres, tria, num. adj., three, 90, 105, 
479, I385- * 



238 



VOCABULARY 



tribuo, •;, ui, utus (tribus, a third 
part of the people)) . 

393- 

(tricuspis, idis), adj. (tres; cuspis, 
point), with three prongs, three- 
ti>nJ y 1 171. 

tridens, cntis, adj. (tres ; dens), 
with three teeth ; as noun, m., three- 
fined spear, trident, 11 24. * 

trifidus, a, um, adj. (ter), three-cleft, 
three-forked, 636. 

Triton, onis, m., a sea god, son of 
Neptune, 356. * 

tritus, a, um, adj. (p. of tero), 
rubbed; oft-trodden, beaten, 515. 

triumpho, I (triumphus), march in 
triumphal procession; exult, tri- 
umph, 1072. 

triumphus, i, m., triumphal proces- 
sion, triumph, 341, 692. 

trunco, 1 (truncus), strip, cut off, 
887. 

truncus, 1, m., trunk (of a tree), 957. 

tu, tul, pron., thou, you, 6, 7, 62, 
etc. * 

tuba, ae, f., trumpet, 93. 

tueor, 2, tutus, look at; watch over, 
support, 344 ; care for, maintain, 
944. * 

turn, adv., then, at that lime, 105, 150, 
309, etc. * 

tumidus, a, um, adj., swollen, swell- 
ing, 242. * 

tumulo, 1 (tumulus), cover with a 
mound, bury, 947. 

tumulus, i, m., heap of earth, mound, 
674; hill, 1 1 50; tomb, grave, 
162, 224, 637. 

tunc, adv. (turn), then, at that time, 
416, 566, 621. 

tunica, ae, f., under garment ; shirt, 
tunic, 1232. 



turba, ac, f, turmoil; crowd, throng, 
number, 9, 15, 714, etc.; pack (of 
hounds), 1355. * 

turbo, mis, m. | turbo, be in a whirl), 
tempest, hurricane, 1098. * 

turpis, e, adj., ugly, foul, unsightly, 
848, 1207. 

turris, is, f., tower, 1131. 

tus, I Oris, n., incense, 600, 969. * 

tutela, ae, f., watching; guardian, 
keeper, 948. 

tutO, adv. (tutus), with safety, in 
security, 736. 

tutus, a, um, adj. (p. of tueor), 
guarded ; safe, secure, in safety, 
401,485,983, 1404; pred., safely, 
136, 497. * 

tuus, a, um, adj. (tu), thine, yours, 
your, 20, 210, 215, etc. * 

tympanum, I, n., drum, 687. 

tyrannus, m., king, sovereign, mon- 
arch, 1 1 17. * 

Tyrius, a, um, adj., of Tyre, Tyrian, 
purple, 834, ion. * 



uber, eris, adj., abounding; full, 
thickly laden, 156. 

ubi, adv. (qui), in which place, where, 
536, 749, 1008, etc.; when, -when- 
ever, 124, 138, 232, etc. * 

ubique, adv., in any place whatever ; 
everywhere, 1392. 

ullus, a, um, gen. Tus (for Finulus, 
dim. of funis), any one, any, 1 164. * 

ulmus, T, f., elm, elm tree, 1 137. 

ulna, ae, f., elbow ; arm, 733, 

ulterior, ius, Cms, farther ; n. as adv., 
farther, longer, more, 613. 

ultimus, a, um, adj. superl. of ulte- 
rior, farthest; last, 1 1 3, 1050, 1086, 
1265 ; last part of, 415. 



VOCABULARY 



239 



Ultra, adv., on the other side ; more, 

longer, 312, 1 362. 
(ululatus, us), m. (ululo, howl), 

howl, shriek, frenzied cry, 687. 
ulva, ae, f., swamp grass, sedge, 892. 
umbra, ae, f., shade, shadow, 37, 155, 

183, 1345; shade, ghost, spirit, 731, 

1221. * 

umbrdsus, a, um, adj. (umbra) , full 

of shade ; shady, 249. 
umerus, I, m., upper arm, shoulder, 

239, 608, 753, etc. * 

umidus, a, um, adj., moist, wet, 491, 

1 241. 
umor, oris, m., liquid ; moisture, 

568. 
umquam, adv. (quom == cum; quam), 

at any time, ever, 946. 
una, adv. (unus), in the same place ; 

at the same time, together, 1324. * 
uncus, a, um, adj. (uncus, hook), 

curved, hooked, 1299. * 

unda, ae, f., wave, billow, water, 

waters, 165, 169, 326, etc. * 

unde, adv., from which place, whence, 

413, 618, 619 ; from which {fact), 

1253. * 

undecimus, a, um, adj. (unus; deci- 

mus, tenth), eleventh, 768. 
undique, adv. (unde; que), from 

every side, on all sides, 563, 584, 

1021. 
unguis, is, m., nail, 749 ; claw, talon, 

1349. 

ungula, ae, f. (unguis), hoof, 1009. 

unicus, a, um, adj. (unus), single, 
the only, solitary, 921. 

unus, a, um, gen. lus, num. adj., one, 
a single, 76, 105, 233, etc.; only 
one, one, alone, 216, ^^, 842, 846, 
1076, 1 166, 1 167; one and the 
same, 361. * 



urbs, urbis, f., walled town, city, 125, 
I53> 363> etc. * 

urna, ae, i.,jar ; burial urn, 233. 

uro, 3, ussl, ustus, bum, consume, 
278, 553, 800. * 

usus, us, m., use ; practice, custom, 
6; use, enjoyment, 384, 1406; ad- 
vantage, good, 643; use, purpose, 

92, 1242. 
usus, see fitor. 

ut or uti, adv., when, as soon as, just 
as, 19, 169, 174, etc.; as, 184, 1 88, 
274, etc.; in proportion as, 551; 
ut primum, as soon as, 859; as, 
since, 313, 583; like, 77, 336, 348, 
694; though, 198, 427, 985, 1204, 
1238; as conj., that, so that, in 
order that, to, 141, 151, 223, 
etc. * 

uterque, utraque, utrumque, gen. 
utrlusque, pron., each, either, both, 

93, 133, 488, etc.; en both sides, 
819; ab utraque parte, both, 1299. 

utinam, adv. (uti; nam), oh that ! I 
wish that! if only ! 70, 71, 399, 
441, 1197. * 

utor, 3, usus, use, make use of, 99, 
772, 1 1 19; wield, ply, 475; take, 
adopt, 494. * 

utrimque, adv. (uterque), on both 
sides, on either hand, 537; thea- 
trum striictum, amphitheater, 695. 

iiva, ae, f., bunch of grapes, grapes, 
77> 913- 



vacca, ae, f., cow, 1387. 

vacuus, a, um, adj., empty, void, 215, 
315; empty of, 513; lonely, 302; 
abandoned, deserted, 705, 1 346. 

vado, 3, — , — , go, proceed, 807 ; de- 
part, 1282. 



240 



VO AHLI.AKY 



vadum, [, n., shallow place; river 

bed, channel, 1204. * 

vagor, 1 (vagus), wander, 
694. 

vagus, a, uin, adj., rambling; wan- 
dering, roaming, unsettled, 1 14W. 

vale, imper. <.>!" valeo, be strong; fare- 
well, adieu, 1 _j.< >. 954. 

valeo, 2, uT, iturus, be strong, be able, 
have /iT<r>", 40S, 533; succeed, pre- 
vail, 524. 

validus, a, um, adj., strong, violent, 
109S. * 

valvae, arum, f., /a /> 0/" dfor leaves, 
folding doors, 352, 1 394. 

vanus, a, um, adj., empty ; non, z'.?- 
racious, trustworthy, 958. * 

vapor, 5ris, m., steam, vapor, 594, 61 2. 

varius, a, um, adj., party-colored, mot- 
tled, 1252; vario us, cha nging, mi; 
diversified, perplexing, 534. * 

vastus, a, um, adj., empty; huge, 
enormous, -vast, 408, 535, 1280. * 

vates, is, m. ami f., prophet ; bard, 
singer, 672, 67S, 6S9, etc. 

-ve, conj. enclitic, or, 290. * 

veho, 3, vexT, vectus, &7?r, carry, 
1 145, 1 146; pass., &f borne, ride, 
361, 1 160. * 

vel, conj. (old imper. of void), 
choose ; or if you will, or, 20, 327, 
493; repeated, either . . . or, 2-jG. * 

vel, adv. (vel), or even ; even, 1065 » 
certainly, at least, 1 42. 

velamen, inis, n. (vein), covering; 
garment, robe, 1 9, 1 68, 1S2. * 

vellus, cris, a., wool shorn off; hiite, 

shin, 674. 
velo, I ( velum), cover, enfold, enwrap, 
371,894, I2l6, 1232; encircle, 849 

velociter, adv. (velox), swiftly, 
quickly, 24. 



velox, 5cis, adj., swift, quick, rapid, 

feet, 2, 12, 71. CtC. 
velum, I, n., sail ; curtain, awning, 

36. 
velut or veluti, adv., e:en as, as if, 

like, 265, 465, 560, etc * 

vena, ae, f., vein, 1095; of earth, 

1244. 
venenum, I, n., poison, 539. * 

veneror, 1, reverence, worship, 992. 
venia, at-, f., indulgence, grace, 920; 

pardon, S02, 1220. * 

venio, 4, veni, ventus, come, 15, 90, 

104, etc. * 

venter, tris, m., belly, 241. 
ventus, 1, m., wind, 309, 713, 1098, 

1254, 1296. * 

Venus, eris, f., loveliness; goddess of 

love, 245. * 

ver, veris, n., spring; personified, 

375- 
(verber), eris, n., lash, whip, 669. 
verbero, 1 (verber), beat, strike, 1359. 
verbum, I, n., word, words, 98, 144, 

221, etc. * 

verecundus, a, um, adj. (vereor), 

ashamed ; shy, modest, 266. 
vereor, 2, veritus, reveren 

be afraid, dread, 1 260; /. 

417. 
vero, adv. (verus), in truth, in 

to be sure, 558, 79] 

174,519. 
verro, 3, — , — , sweep, brush, 834. * 
verso, 1, freq. (verto), turn {often), 

keep turning, Kxj, 904, 103O; sc. 

se, turn I oneself), 1355- 
vertex, icis, m., whirl; highest / 

summit, peak, 674, 993, 1157. 1 ,> f > 5 ; 

submisso vertit . 878. * 

vertigo, inis, f., turning round, whirl- 
ing, 4 1 8, 



VOCABULARY 



241 



verto, 3, verti, versus, turn, 193; con- 
vert, change, 557, 773, 937, 1242; 
pass., turn oneself, turn, 693. * 

verus, a, um, adj., true, genuine, real, 
386, 391, 446, 753. * 

vester, tra, trum, adj. (v5s), your, 
yours, 607, 1 1 19, 1 121. * 

vestigium, I, n., bottom of the foot; pi., 
heels, 318; tracks, footprints, traces, 
172, 481, hence fragments, 629; 
steps, 314, 369, 931, 1206, 1233. 

vestis, is, f., covering ; clothes, gar- 
ments, robe, 174, 184, 214, etc.; 
bed clothes, 894, 896. * 

veto, I, ul, itus, forbid, prohibit, 128, 
•271, 925. * 

vetus, eris, adj., old, aged, advanced 
in years, 895, 936. * 

vetustas, atis, f. (vetus), old age; 
antiquity, tradition, 1234. 

vetustus, a, um, adj. (vetus), old, 
ancient, 1275. 

via, ae, f., way, road, path, 411, 415, 
506, etc.; course, 427, 477, 809; 
coming, voyage, 381 ; pi., channels, 
1125. * 

viator, oris, m. (via), wayfarer, trav- 
eler, 275. 

vibro, 1, set in tremulous motion; 
flutter, 310; hurl, wield, 619. 

vicinia, ae, f. (viclnus), nearness, 
neighborhood, 126, 926; neighbors, 
1269. 

vicinus, a, um, adj. (vicus, row of 
houses), of the neighborhood ; neigh- 
boring, nearby, 165, 807, 957. 

(vicis), is, f., change, alternation ; in 
vices, in turn, 139. 

victor, oris, m., conqueror, 121, 
1250. * 

Victdria, ae, f. (victor), victory, 69. 

victrix, icis, f. (victor), victor, 39, 



1072, 1073; as adj., conquering, 
victorious, 1372. 

victus, us, m., means of living; food, 
sustenance, 1 1 53. * 

victus, see vinco. 

video, 2, vldi, visus, see, discern, per- 
ceive, look upon, 19, 73, 135, etc.; see 
to it, 65; be present at, permit, see 
patiently, 740; pass., be represented, 
359; seem, appear, 30, 117, 158, 
348,633,938; seem best, 1200; p.vi- 
dendus, to be seen, visible, seen, 91.* 

vigil, ilis, adj., on the watch; watch- 
ful, 460. 

vilis, e, adj., of small price ; poor, 
mean, 895. 

villa, ae, f., dim., country house, farm 
house, 921, 1 136. 

villus, i, m., tuft of hair ; pi., hairs, 

844. * 

vimen, inis, n., twig, withe, 1384. 
vincio, 4, vinxl, vinctus, bind, wind, 

entwine, 761, 833; bind, chain, 

1327. * 

vinco, 3, vici, victus, overcome, van- 
quish, overpower, conquer, 11, 45, 
48, etc.; be victorious, 1074; win 
over, move, 1 21 2; exhaust, 326; 
p. victi, the vanquished, 40. * 

vinculum or vinclum, I, n. (vinci5), 
means of fastening ; pi., bonds, 
chains, 745, 1314. * 

vinetum, I, n. (vlnum), plantation 
of %vine; vineyard, 756, 1 139. 

vinum, T, n., wine, 909, 917. * 

violentus, a, um, ad]., forcible; harsh, 
savage, 429; impetuous, 9. 

vipereus, a, um, adj. (vipera, viper), 
of vipers, snaky, 1 248. 

vir, virl, m., male person, man, 2, 
363, 1127, etc.; youth, 113; hus- 
band, 261, 976, 1090. * 



242 



IBULARY 



OS, rntis a.'lj. 

• 778, 

virg.i. 

virgineus, a, um, adj. (virgo), of a 

maiden : girl/. 
virginitas, fxtis, f. (virgo), maiden- 

kooa\ 

YirgO, in is, f., maid, maiden, girl, 

42, 101, etc.; bellica virgo, 
Minerva, 13S6. * 

viridis, e, id}., green, 360, 113S. 

virtus, Otis, f. (vir), manliness, brav- 
ery, courage, prowess, 4S, 57, 1335, 
1401. * 

Vis, — , vim, vl, f., strength, force, 
power, (pi.), 99, 217, 325, etc.; 
lence, 1284; aurea, golden vir- 
tue, magic gold, Si 2. * 

VISCUS, cris, n., bowels, inwards, en- 
trails, I So, 1079, 1097 ; center, 
heart, 585. * 

vlso, 3, si, sus, freq. (video), look at 
attentively ; look upon, view, 342. 

vita, ae, f., life, 53, 66, 176, 949, 
1 1 90. 

viti5, 1 (vitium), make faulty ; in- 
jure, spoil, ruin, 606 ; p. vitiatus, 
five, containing flaws, 1S9. 

vitis, is, f., vine, grapevine, 913. 

vitium, T, n., fault, defect, flaw, crack, 

134. 
Vlt5, I, shun, avoid, flee from, 197. 
Vitta, ae, f, baud, fillet, 259. 
vitulus, I, m., calf, bull calf 1 |88. 
vivo, 3, vixT, — , live, 9, 67, 74. * 
vivos, a, um, a<lj., alive, living, 7< 

vix, adv., 'oith difficulty, Jiardly, 

1 
vocalis, e, adj. founding; 

speaking, singing, tuneful, 07S. 



vocd, 1, <-,///, summon, 1 174; draw 
out, 566 ; * 

(volatu.;. 
volatu immissu, swooping, 1350. 

V0l6, velle, vului, — , wish, will, 53, 
67, . 70, 76. * 

V0l6, I, avi, atiirus, //: . * 

volubilis, e, adj., turned rou 
spinning, whirling, rolling. 

volucer, cris, ere, dA).,flyii 

501, 565 ; as nuun, (., flying crea- 
ture, bird, 69I, 714, 744, 1 149. * 

VOlumen, inis, n., that rolled ' ; whirl- 
ing, spinning, 419. 

voluntas, atis, f., will; wish, 401 ; 
goodwill, 915. 

voluto, I, freq. (volvd), roll ; turn 
over, consider, weigJi, 1223. * 

volvd, 3, vulvl, volutus, mak 

pass., roll, be hurled, 631, 1027; 
roll, rush, 1 123. * 

vomer, eris, in., plcrwshare, 701. 

vomo, 3, ui, itus, throw out, vomit 
forth, 467, 1 36 1. 

votum, I, n. (p. of voveo), p>\ 
(to a god); prayer, 231, 271. 437. 
527,948; des ire, hope, 1 1 1 4. * 

voveo, 2, vovl, votus, vow; pro} 
798. 

vox, vocis, f., voice, So, 342, 589, etc.; 
words, 136, 399. 

Vulcanius, a, um, adj., of Vulcan. 454. 

vulnus, eris, n., . -40. 

etc * 

vultus, us, m , expression of c oun t*- 

nunc,-, : 

103, 1 1 1 1 . 

face, 369. 



Zdna, ac, f., girdle ; zone, 479. 



f 



